交叉线程问题:处理了无效的操作异常

时间:2011-07-30 21:57:59

标签: c# winforms multithreading

我正在制作一个程序,从txt文件导入电子邮件并向他们发送消息,但我面临一个问题,目前我正在使用线程发送邮件方法,以防止程序停止响应,确切的问题标题是:

Invalid operationexception was handeled
>>> Cross-thread operation not valid:
    Control 'richTextBox1' accessed from a thread other than the thread it was created on.

这是代码

    int success = 0;
    int failed = 0;
    int total = 0;
    bool IsRunning;

List<string> list = new List<string>();

private void addmails()
    {
        string path = textBox2.Text;

        foreach (string line in File.ReadAllLines(path))
        {
            list.Add(line);
        }
        IsRunning = true;
    }
    private void sendmails(object sender, DoWorkEventArgs e)
    {
        if (IsRunning == true)
        {
            if (checkBox1.Checked != true)
            {
                SmtpClient client = new SmtpClient(comboBox1.Text);
                client.Credentials = new NetworkCredential(textBox6.Text, textBox7.Text);
                MailMessage message = new MailMessage();
                message.From = new MailAddress(textBox3.Text, textBox1.Text);
                message.Subject = textBox4.Text;
                //message.Body = richTextBox1.Text;
                if (textBox5.Text != "")
                {
                    message.Attachments.Add(new Attachment(textBox5.Text));
                }

                foreach (string eachmail in list)
                {
                    if (IsRunning == true)
                    {
                        try
                        {
                            message.To.Add(eachmail);
                            client.Send(message);
                            listBox1.Items.Add("Successfully sent the message to  : " + eachmail);
                            success++;
                        }
                        catch
                        {
                            listBox1.Items.Add("Failed to send the message to  : " + eachmail);
                            failed++;
                        }
                        message.To.Clear();

                        total++;

                        Thread.Sleep(15);

                        label18.Text = total.ToString();
                        label19.Text = success.ToString();
                        label21.Text = failed.ToString();

                    }
                    else
                    {
                        break;
                    }
                }

                IsRunning = false;
                button3.Text = "Send";
            }

        }
    }

    private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        if (button3.Text == "Send")
        {
            tabControl1.SelectedTab = tabPage3;
            button3.Text = "Stop";

            addmails();

           // IsRunning = true;

            Thread t2 = new Thread(sendmails); // when using that thread i get a cross threading error
            t2.Start();

        }
        else
        {
            IsRunning = false;
            button3.Text = "Send";
            MessageBox.Show("Sending Mails Operation has been terminated","Abort",MessageBoxButtons.OK,MessageBoxIcon.Information);
        }

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:5)

问题是正在从非UI线程(新生成的线程)访问UI(WinForms)控件。

不要那样做。可以使用Control.Invoke/BeginInvokeSynchronizationContext.Post/Send,具体取决于所需要的内容。使用上述关键字查找此问题会产生许多示例。

另一种方法是在发送任何内容之前使用BackgroundWorker对象和RunWorkCompleted / ProgressChanged个事件,传入所有必需的信息。 (例如,不要“读取”新线程中的UI。)

快乐的编码。


资源/补充阅读:

How do I change a ComboBox data from another thread? - Invoke / BeginInvoke的一个小例子,包括一个漂亮的小包装器。所有这些都是“需要”来解决帖子中的问题。

What's up with BeginInvoke? - 讨论WinForms控件访问的限制,Windows消息传递的工作原理以及Invoke / BeginInvoke的使用。非常好的阅读。

Understand SynchronizationContext - 与之前类似,但重点是使用SC而不是Invoke / BeginInvoke。只能在上一个链接后阅读。

BackgroundWorker and SynchronizationContext - 我更喜欢在Control.Invoke / BeginInvoke上使用SynchronicationContext(我更喜欢界面,不需要检查InvokedRequired或类似)。这讨论了BGW背景下的SC。从2005年开始,它使用旧的“委托”语法。如果使用SC,请确保使用从UI线程获取的SC 。请参阅Why is SynchronizationContext.Current null?在我的应用程序中,我经常使用静态Send/Post包装器方法来处理所有细节。

答案 1 :(得分:2)

您正在使用来自不同线程而不是创建它们的线程的UI成员,只要您想从另一个线程访问Control.Invoke成员或方法,就必须使用control。 所以,为了让这个工作,你必须“我真的不会这样做,只是回答你的问题”:

if (IsRunning == true)
{
    bool checkbox1Checked;
    string textBox6Text;
    string textBox7Text;
    string textBox3Text;
    string textBox1Text;
    string textBox4Text;
    string richTextBox1Text;
    string textBox5Text;

    MethodInvoker getValues = new MethodInvoker(delegate()
    {
        checkbox1Checked = checkbox1.Checked;
        textBox6Text = textBox6.Text;
        textBox7Text = textBox7.Text;
        textBox3Text = textBox3.Text;
        textBox1Text = textBox1.Text;
        textBox4Text = textBox4.Text;
        richTextBox1Text = richTextBox1.Text;
        textBox5Text = textBox5.Text;
    });

    if (this.InvokeRequired)
    {
        this.Invoke(getValues);
    }
    else
    {
        getValues();
    }

    if (checkBox1Checked != true)
    {
        SmtpClient client = new SmtpClient(comboBox1Text);
        client.Credentials = new NetworkCredential(textBox6Text, textBox7Text);
        MailMessage message = new MailMessage();
        message.From = new MailAddress(textBox3Text, textBox1Text);
        message.Subject = textBox4Text;
        //message.Body = richTextBox1Text;
        if (textBox5Text != "")
        {
            message.Attachments.Add(new Attachment(textBox5Text));
        }

        foreach (string eachmail in list)
        {
            if (IsRunning == true)
            {
                try
                {
                    message.To.Add(eachmail);
                    client.Send(message);

                    MethodInvoker addToListBox = new MethodInvoker(delegate()
                    {
                        listBox1.Items.Add("Successfully sent the message to  : " + eachmail);
                    }); 
                    if (listBox1.InvokeRequired)
                    {
                        listBox1.Invoke(addToListBox);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        addToListBox();
                    }

                    success++;
                }
                catch
                {
                    MethodInvoker addToListBox = new MethodInvoker(delegate()
                    {
                        listBox1.Items.Add("Failed to send the message to  : " + eachmail);
                    });

                    if (listBox1.InvokeRequired)
                    {
                        listBox1.Invoke(addToListBox);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        addToListBox();
                    }

                    failed++;
                }
                message.To.Clear();

                total++;

                Thread.Sleep(15);

                MethodInvoker updateSatatus = new MethodInvoker(delegate()
                {
                    label18.Text = total.ToString();
                    label19.Text = success.ToString();
                    label21.Text = failed.ToString();
                });

                if (this.InvokeRequired)
                {
                    this.Invoke(updateSatatus);
                }
                else
                {
                    updateSatatus();
                }
            }
            else
            {
                break;
            }
        }

        IsRunning = false;
        if (button3.InvokeRequired)
        {
            button3.Invoke(new MethodInvoker(delegate() { button3.Text = "Send"; } ));
        }
        else
        {
            button3.Text = "Send";
        }
    }

}