在 O'Reilly的“Head first Rails”(编辑,2009)的练习中,有 2个相关对象。
“Flight”对象[我使用annotate gem来显示每个属性]:
# == Schema Information
#
# Table name: flights
#
# id :integer not null, primary key
# departure :datetime
# arrival :datetime
# destination :string(255)
# baggage_allowance :decimal(, )
# capacity :integer
# created_at :datetime
# updated_at :datetime
#
class Flight < ActiveRecord::Base
has_many :seats
end
蚂蚁“席位”对象:
# == Schema Information
#
# Table name: seats
#
# id :integer not null, primary key
# flight_id :integer
# name :string(255)
# baggage :decimal(, )
# created_at :datetime
# updated_at :datetime
#
class Seat < ActiveRecord::Base
belongs_to :flight
end
您可能猜测seat.baggage值应始终小于或等于seat.flight.baggage_allowance。
所以我写了这个验证器,效果很好:
class Seat < ActiveRecord::Base
belongs_to :flight
def validate
if baggage > flight.baggage_allowance
errors.add_to_base("Your have to much baggage for this flight!")
end
end
end
然后我尝试用这个更漂亮的那个重构它:
validates :baggage, :numericality => { :less_than_or_equal_to => flight.baggage_allowance }, :presence => true
但它在SeatsController中导致 NameError :
undefined local variable or method `flight' for #<Class:0x68ac3d8>"
我还试过“self.flight.baggage_allowance”:
validates :baggage, :numericality => { :less_than_or_equal_to => self.flight.baggage_allowance }, :presence => true
但它会抛出 NoMethodError 例外:
undefined method `flight' for #<Class:0x67e9b40>
有没有办法让更漂亮的验证工作?
进行此类验证的最佳做法是什么?
谢谢。
--- --- EDIT
正如MaurícioLinhares在此后提出的那样,问题是可以解决的:定义:bagging_allowance符号。 我想更好地了解真正需要自定义验证的地方。 这个怎么样,是否可以将此转换为“验证”方法?为什么?
class Seat < ActiveRecord::Base
.
.
.
def validate
if flight.capacity <= flight.seats.size
errors.add_to_base("The flight is fully booked, no more seats available!")
end
end
再次感谢你。
答案 0 :(得分:8)
你可以这样做:
class Seat < ActiveRecord::Base
validates :baggage, :numericality => { :less_than_or_equal_to => :baggage_allowance }, :presence => true
belongs_to :flight
def baggage_allowance
flight.baggage_allowance
end
end
修改强>
你不能这样做:
class Seat < ActiveRecord::Base
validates :baggage, :numericality => { :less_than_or_equal_to => flight.baggage_allowance }, :presence => true
end
因为在类级别调用验证方法,所以没有 flight 变量可用,因为它是一个实例变量。使用:baggage_allowance进行配置时,您可以告诉Rails在 Seat 的实例上调用:baggage_allowance方法,以便能够访问该值。