使用枚举值作为字符串文字

时间:2011-07-12 15:57:12

标签: java string enums

使用存储在Enum中的值作为字符串文字的最佳方法是什么? 例如:

public enum Modes {
    some-really-long-string,
    mode1,
    mode2,
    mode3
}

然后我可以使用Mode.mode1将其字符串表示形式返回为mode1。无需继续致电Mode.mode1.toString()

19 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:584)

你做不到。我想你在这里有四个选择。这四种方法都提供了一种解决方案,但方法略有不同......

选项一: 在枚举上使用内置name()。如果您不需要任何特殊的命名格式,这非常好。

    String name = Modes.mode1.name(); // Returns the name of this enum constant, exactly as declared in its enum declaration.

选项二: 如果您想要更多控制权,请为您的枚举添加覆盖属性

public enum Modes {
    mode1 ("Fancy Mode 1"),
    mode2 ("Fancy Mode 2"),
    mode3 ("Fancy Mode 3");

    private final String name;       

    private Modes(String s) {
        name = s;
    }

    public boolean equalsName(String otherName) {
        // (otherName == null) check is not needed because name.equals(null) returns false 
        return name.equals(otherName);
    }

    public String toString() {
       return this.name;
    }
}

选项三: 使用静态决赛而不是枚举:

public final class Modes {

    public static final String MODE_1 = "Fancy Mode 1";
    public static final String MODE_2 = "Fancy Mode 2";
    public static final String MODE_3 = "Fancy Mode 3";

    private Modes() { }
}

选项四: 接口将每个字段设置为public,static和final:

public interface Modes {

    String MODE_1 = "Fancy Mode 1";
    String MODE_2 = "Fancy Mode 2";
    String MODE_3 = "Fancy Mode 3";  
}

答案 1 :(得分:453)

每个枚举都有name()和valueOf(String)方法。前者返回枚举的字符串名称,后者给出名称为字符串的枚举值。这就像你在寻找什么?

String name = Modes.mode1.name();
Modes mode = Modes.valueOf(name);

Enum本身也有一个静态valueOf(Class,String),所以你也可以使用

Modes mode = Enum.valueOf(Modes.class, name);

答案 2 :(得分:71)

您可以为每个枚举值覆盖toString()方法。

示例:

public enum Country {

  DE {
    @Override
    public String toString() {
      return "Germany";
    }
  },
  IT {
    @Override
    public String toString() {
      return "Italy";
    }
  },
  US {
    @Override
    public String toString() {
      return "United States";
    }
  }

}

<强>用法:

public static void main(String[] args) {
  System.out.println(Country.DE); // Germany
  System.out.println(Country.IT); // Italy
  System.out.println(Country.US); // United States
}

答案 3 :(得分:29)

正如Benny Neugebauer所提到的,你可以覆盖toString()。然而,相反,为每个枚举字段覆盖toString,我更喜欢这样的东西:

public enum Country{
    SPAIN("España"),
    ITALY("Italia"),
    PORTUGAL("Portugal");


    private String value;

    Country(final String value) {
        this.value = value;
    }

    public String getValue() {
        return value;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return this.getValue();
    }
}

您还可以添加静态方法来检索所有字段,打印所有字段等。 只需调用getValue即可获取与每个Enum项相关联的字符串

答案 4 :(得分:26)

mode1.name()String.valueOf(mode1)。它不会比那更好,我害怕

答案 5 :(得分:20)

public enum Modes {
  MODE1("Mode1"),
  MODE2("Mode2"),
  MODE3("Mode3");

 private String value;
 public String getValue() {
    return value;
   }
 private Modes(String value) {
  this.value = value;
 } 
}

你可以在下面的地方拨打电话,无论你想从枚举中获取字符串的值。

Modes.MODE1.getvalue();

这将返回&#34; Mode1&#34;作为一个字符串。

答案 6 :(得分:6)

您可以使用Mode.mode1.name(),但通常不需要这样做。

Mode mode =
System.out.println("The mode is "+mode);

答案 7 :(得分:5)

据我所知,获得该名称的唯一方法是

Mode.mode1.name();

但是,如果你真的需要这种方式,你可以这样做:

public enum Modes {
    mode1 ("Mode1"),
    mode2 ("Mode2"),
    mode3 ("Mode3");

    private String name;       

    private Modes(String s) {
        name = s;
    }
}

答案 8 :(得分:5)

您可以简单地使用:

""+ Modes.mode1

答案 9 :(得分:5)

对于我的枚举,我真的不想将它们分配给每个1个字符串。这就是我在枚举上实现toString()方法的方法。

enum Animal
{
    DOG, CAT, BIRD;
    public String toString(){
        switch (this) {
            case DOG: return "Dog";
            case CAT: return "Cat";
            case BIRD: return "Bird";
        }
        return null;
    }
}

答案 10 :(得分:3)

Enum只是一个特殊的课程。枚举可以存储其他字段,实现方法等。例如

public enum Modes {
    mode1('a'),
    mode2('b'),
    mode3('c'),
    ;
    char c;

    private Modes(char c) {
        this.c = c;
    }
    public char character() {
        return c;
    }
}

现在你可以说:

System.out.println(Modes.mode1.character())

并看到输出: a

答案 11 :(得分:3)

package com.common.test;

public  enum Days {


    monday(1,"Monday"),tuesday(2,"Tuesday"),wednesday(3,"Wednesday"),
    thrusday(4,"Thrusday"),friday(5,"Friday"),saturday(6,"Saturday"),sunday(7,"Sunday");

    private int id;
    private String desc;


    Days(int id,String desc){
        this.id=id;
        this.desc=desc;
    }

    public static String getDay(int id){

        for (Days day : Days.values()) {
            if (day.getId() == id) {
                return day.getDesc();
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getDesc() {
        return desc;
    }

    public void setDesc(String desc) {
        this.desc = desc;
    }



};

答案 12 :(得分:2)

我的问题解决方案!

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

public enum MapEnumSample {
    Mustang("One of the fastest cars in the world!"), 
    Mercedes("One of the most beautiful cars in the world!"), 
    Ferrari("Ferrari or Mercedes, which one is the best?");

    private final String description;
    private static Map<String, String> enumMap;

    private MapEnumSample(String description) {
        this.description = description;
    }

    public String getEnumValue() {
        return description;
    }

    public static String getEnumKey(String name) {
        if (enumMap == null) {
            initializeMap();
        }
        return enumMap.get(name);
    }

    private static Map<String, String> initializeMap() {
        enumMap = new HashMap<String, String>();
        for (MapEnumSample access : MapEnumSample.values()) {
            enumMap.put(access.getEnumValue(), access.toString());
        }
        return enumMap;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        // getting value from Description
        System.out.println(MapEnumSample.getEnumKey("One of the fastest cars in the world!"));

        // getting value from Constant
        System.out.println(MapEnumSample.Mustang.getEnumValue());

        System.out.println(MapEnumSample.getEnumKey("One of the most beautiful cars in the world!"));
        System.out.println(MapEnumSample.Mercedes.getEnumValue());

        // doesnt exist in Enum
        System.out.println("Mustang or Mercedes, which one is the best?");
        System.out.println(MapEnumSample.getEnumKey("Mustang or Mercedes, which one is the best?") == null ? "I don't know!" : "I believe that "
                + MapEnumSample.getEnumKey("Ferrari or Mustang, which one is the best?") + " is the best!.");

        // exists in Enum
        System.out.println("Ferrari or Mercedes, wich one is the best?");
        System.out.println(MapEnumSample.getEnumKey("Ferrari or Mercedes, which one is the best?") == null ? "I don't know!" : "I believe that "
                + MapEnumSample.getEnumKey("Ferrari or Mercedes, which one is the best?") + " is the best!");

    }
}

答案 13 :(得分:2)

public enum Environment
{
    PROD("https://prod.domain.com:1088/"),
    SIT("https://sit.domain.com:2019/"),
    CIT("https://cit.domain.com:8080/"),
    DEV("https://dev.domain.com:21323/");

    private String url;

    Environment(String envUrl) {
        this.url = envUrl;
    }

    public String getUrl() {
        return url;
    }
}

String prodUrl = Environment.PROD.getUrl();

它将打印:

https://prod.domain.com:1088/

enum string constants的这种设计在大多数情况下都适用。

答案 14 :(得分:2)

此方法适用于任何{-# LANGUAGE NamedFieldPuns #-} mkZone :: [String] -> Zone mkZone xs = Zone {zId, zOwnerId, zPodsP0, zPodsP1, zPodsP2, zPodsP3} where [zId, zOwnerId, zPodsP0, zPodsP1, zPodsP2, zPodsP3] = map read xs

enum

答案 15 :(得分:0)

经过多次尝试后,我找到了这个解决方案

public static enum Operation {

    Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, Division,;

    public String getUserFriendlyString() {
        if (this==Addition) {
            return " + ";
        } else if (this==Subtraction) {
            return " - ";
        } else if (this==Multiplication) {
            return " * ";
        } else if (this==Division) {
            return " / ";
        }
        return "undefined";
       }
}

答案 16 :(得分:0)

您可以尝试以下方法:

public enum Modes {
    some-really-long-string,
    mode1,
    mode2,
    mode3;

    public String toString(){
        switch(this) {
            case some-really-long-string:
                return "some-really-long-string";
            case mode2:
                return "mode2";
            default: return "undefined";
        }
    }

}

答案 17 :(得分:0)

我发现这更容易防止输入错误:

public enum Modes {
    some-really-long-string,
    mode1,
    mode2,
    mode3;

    String str;

    Modes(){
        this.str = super.name();
    }

    @Override
    @NonNull
    public String toString() {
        return str;
    }

但是-这可能在您需要在log / println上使用String或每当java自动编译toString()方法但在这样的代码行上使用->

时起作用
// sample method that require (string,value)
intent.putExtra(Modes.mode1 ,shareElement.getMode()); // java error
// first argument enum does not return value

相反,如上所述,您仍然必须扩展枚举并在以下情况下使用 .name()

intent.putExtra(Modes.mode1.name() ,shareElement.getMode()); 

答案 18 :(得分:0)

使用 mode1.name()String.valueOf(Modes.mode1)