我的数据包含以下三个组成部分:
a_path
a_key
a_value =
f
(a_path, a_key)
a_value
的计算成本很高,所以我想不经常计算它。在一个理想的世界中,只有当它发生变化时才会这样。所以,我对这个缓存的要求如下:
(a_path, a_key)
expiry_func
(a_path, a_key)
我的谷歌搜索在这里失败了;即使在搜索“elisp LRU缓存”时,我也发现了很多Java站点。
答案 0 :(得分:6)
以下是您想要的大部分内容:固定大小最近最少使用的缓存,包含O(1)查找,O(1)插入和O(1)删除。
让所有这些操作都成为O(1)有点棘手,因此这个稍微复杂的实现。我将哈希表(用于快速查找)与双向链接项列表组合在一起(用于快速删除,重新排序和查找最旧的元素)。
(require 'cl)
(defstruct lru-cache max-size size newest oldest table)
(defstruct lru-item key value next prev)
(defun lru-remove-item (item lru)
(let ((next (lru-item-next item))
(prev (lru-item-prev item)))
(if next (setf (lru-item-prev next) prev)
(setf (lru-cache-newest lru) prev))
(if prev (setf (lru-item-next prev) next)
(setf (lru-cache-oldest lru) next))))
(defun lru-insert-item (item lru)
(let ((newest (lru-cache-newest lru)))
(setf (lru-item-next item) nil (lru-item-prev item) newest)
(if newest (setf (lru-item-next newest) item)
(setf (lru-cache-oldest lru) item))
(setf (lru-cache-newest lru) item)))
;;; Public interface starts here.
(defun* lru-create (&key (size 65) (test 'eql))
"Create a new least-recently-used cache and return it.
Takes keyword arguments
:SIZE the maximum number of entries (default: 65).
:TEST a hash table test (default 'EQL)."
(make-lru-cache
:max-size size
:size 0
:newest nil
:oldest nil
:table (make-hash-table :size size :test test)))
(defun lru-get (key lru &optional default)
"Look up KEY in least-recently-used cache LRU and return
its associated value.
If KEY is not found, return DEFAULT which defaults to nil."
(let ((item (gethash key (lru-cache-table lru))))
(if item
(progn
(lru-remove-item item lru)
(lru-insert-item item lru)
(lru-item-value item))
default)))
(defun lru-rem (key lru)
"Remove KEY from least-recently-used cache LRU."
(let ((item (gethash key (lru-cache-table lru))))
(when item
(remhash (lru-item-key item) (lru-cache-table lru))
(lru-remove-item item lru)
(decf (lru-cache-size lru)))))
(defun lru-put (key value lru)
"Associate KEY with VALUE in least-recently-used cache LRU.
If KEY is already present in LRU, replace its current value with VALUE."
(let ((item (gethash key (lru-cache-table lru))))
(if item
(setf (lru-item-value item) value)
(when (eql (lru-cache-size lru) (lru-cache-max-size lru))
(lru-rem (lru-item-key (lru-cache-oldest lru)) lru))
(let ((newitem (make-lru-item :key key :value value)))
(lru-insert-item newitem lru)
(puthash key newitem (lru-cache-table lru))
(incf (lru-cache-size lru))))))
;;; Exercise for the reader: implement lru-clr and lru-map to complete the
;;; analogy with hash tables.
对于已成对关键字的应用,您可能希望向:test 'equal
提供lru-create
。如果您需要特别的东西,请参阅Defining Hash Comparisons。
我会告诉你如何进行基于时间的到期;它应该直截了当。
(如果有人知道一种更简单的方法来实现这一点,同时保持操作在恒定时间内运行,我会非常有兴趣看到它。)