更新问题:
ERROR: column "Fruits" does not exist
运行Postgres 7.4(是的,我们正在升级)
为什么我不能按列别名进行排序?想要在ORDER BY中使用“TypeOfFruits”,为什么?
SELECT (CASE
WHEN tof."TypeOfFruits" = 'A' THEN 'Apple'
WHEN tof."TypeOfFruits" = 'P' THEN 'Pear'
WHEN tof."TypeOfFruits" = 'G' THEN 'Grapes'
ELSE 'Other' END) AS "Fruits",
SUM(CASE WHEN r.order_date
BETWEEN DATE_TRUNC('DAY', LOCALTIMESTAMP) AND DATE_TRUNC('DAY', LOCALTIMESTAMP) + INTERVAL '1 DAY'
THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS daily,
SUM(CASE WHEN r.order_date
BETWEEN DATE_TRUNC('MONTH', LOCALTIMESTAMP) AND DATE_TRUNC('MONTH', LOCALTIMESTAMP) + INTERVAL '1 MONTH'
THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS monthly,
SUM(CASE WHEN r.order_date
BETWEEN DATE_TRUNC('YEAR', LOCALTIMESTAMP) AND DATE_TRUNC('YEAR', LOCALTIMESTAMP) + INTERVAL '1 YEAR'
THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS yearly,
SUM(CASE WHEN r.order_date >= '01-01-2011 00:00:00' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS lifetime
FROM reports AS r, "TypeOfFruits" AS tof
WHERE r.id = tof."ID"
GROUP BY "Fruits"
ORDER BY CASE
WHEN "Fruits" = 'Apple' THEN 1
WHEN "Fruits" = 'Pear' THEN 2
WHEN "Fruits" = 'Grapes' THEN 3
ELSE 4
END
截至目前的结果
Fruits;daily;monthly;yearly;lifetime
"Apple";17;1174;3136;3136
"Pear";28;94;94;94
"Grapes";0;191;490;490
"Other";0;2;27;27
"Other";0;0;1;1
"Other";0;0;27;27
"Other";0;6;28;28
"Other";0;58;229;229
"Other";0;3;3;3
"Other";0;0;1;1
期望的结果将是具有“其他”总计的一行,因此总共四行 (x将是总数)
Fruits;daily;monthly;yearly;lifetime
"Apple";17;1174;3136;3136
"Pear";28;94;94;94
"Grapes";0;191;490;490
"Other";x;x;x;x
答案 0 :(得分:7)
您可以使用ORDER BY 1
按第一个字段排序,即“Fruits”。这同样适用于GROUP BY
<强>更新强>
对于订单而言,不是在case
中执行order by
,而是在......中创建一个新列。第二个位置:
(CASE
WHEN "Fruits" = 'Apple' THEN 1
WHEN "Fruits" = 'Pear' THEN 2
WHEN "Fruits" = 'Grapes' THEN 3
ELSE 4 ) as Order
然后在你ORDER BY 2
。
答案 1 :(得分:5)
可以在documentation:
中找到原因每个表达式[在ORDER BY列表中]可以是输出列(SELECT列表项)的名称或序号,也可以是由 input <形成的任意表达式/ em> - 列值。
(我的重点)
原因是旧版本的SQL标准(SQL-92)只允许按输出列名称或编号进行排序,而较新版本允许按任意表达式排序,但这些表达式是由输入列值组成的。 / p>
其他答案已经包含了适合您案例的各种解决方法。
答案 2 :(得分:2)
考虑这样的事情:
SELECT * FROM (SELECT (CASE
WHEN tof."TypeOfFruits" = 'A' THEN 'Apple'
WHEN tof."TypeOfFruits" = 'P' THEN 'Pear'
WHEN tof."TypeOfFruits" = 'G' THEN 'Grapes'
ELSE 'Other' END) AS "Fruits",
(CASE
WHEN tof."TypeOfFruits" = 'A' THEN 1
WHEN tof."TypeOfFruits" = 'P' THEN 2
WHEN tof."TypeOfFruits" = 'G' THEN 3
ELSE 4 END) as NUM
FROM ..... <rest of your query without group by and order by .....
)
GROUP BY Fruits
ORDER BY NUM
答案 3 :(得分:1)
别名在订单后分配,因此您无法按顺序使用它。请改用:
(CASE
WHEN tof."TypeOfFruits" = 'A' THEN 'Apple'
WHEN tof."TypeOfFruits" = 'P' THEN 'Pear'
WHEN tof."TypeOfFruits" = 'G' THEN 'Grapes'
ELSE 'Other' END)
答案 4 :(得分:0)
你可以尝试这样的事情......未经测试,但我也见过类似的问题 让我知道它是否有效......
SELECT "Fruits",
SUM(CASE WHEN r.order_date
BETWEEN DATE_TRUNC('DAY', LOCALTIMESTAMP) AND DATE_TRUNC('DAY', LOCALTIMESTAMP) + INTERVAL '1 DAY'
THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS daily,
SUM(CASE WHEN r.order_date
BETWEEN DATE_TRUNC('MONTH', LOCALTIMESTAMP) AND DATE_TRUNC('MONTH', LOCALTIMESTAMP) + INTERVAL '1 MONTH'
THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS monthly,
SUM(CASE WHEN r.order_date
BETWEEN DATE_TRUNC('YEAR', LOCALTIMESTAMP) AND DATE_TRUNC('YEAR', LOCALTIMESTAMP) + INTERVAL '1 YEAR'
THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS yearly,
SUM(CASE WHEN r.order_date >= '01-01-2011 00:00:00' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS lifetime
FROM reports AS r
,(SELECT "ID",
CASE
WHEN tof."TypeOfFruits" = 'A' THEN 'Apple'
WHEN tof."TypeOfFruits" = 'P' THEN 'Pear'
WHEN tof."TypeOfFruits" = 'G' THEN 'Grapes'
ELSE 'Other'
END AS "Fruits" FROM "TypeOfFruits" ) AS "tof"
WHERE r.id = tof."ID"
GROUP BY "Fruits"
ORDER BY CASE
WHEN "Fruits" = 'Apple' THEN 1
WHEN "Fruits" = 'Pear' THEN 2
WHEN "Fruits" = 'Grapes' THEN 3
ELSE 4
END
答案 5 :(得分:-1)
尝试使用反引号(`)而不是单/双引号来包装别名。
与MySQL有同样的问题;反引号解决了问题。