Question

请帮助我！！我还在学习数据结构和我正在尝试转换此CSV文件

key,a,b,c,d,e
key_01,apple,100,200,doll,elephant
key_02,apple,100,200,doll,elephant
key_03,apple,100,200,doll,elephant

转换为Json格式。我已经尝试过此脚本

   import csv
   import json

    csvFilePath = 'my.csv'
    jsonFilePath = 'my.json'


    def make_json(csvFilePath, jsonFilePath):
        data = {}

with open(csvFilePath, encoding='utf-8') as csvf:
    csvReader = csv.DictReader(csvf)
    for rows in csvReader:
        key = rows["key"]
        data[key] = rows


with open(jsonFilePath, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as jsonf:
    jsonf.write(json.dumps(data, indent=4))

   make_json(csvFilePath, jsonFilePath)

但是输出中有键行

 {
"key_01": {
    "key": "01",
    "a": "apple", 
    "y": "100.0", 
    "c": "cow", 
    "d": "doll", 
    "e": "elephant"
}, 
"key_02": {
  "key":  "02",
    "a": "apple", 
    "y": "100.0", 
    "c": "cow", 
    "d": "doll", 
    "e": "elephant"
}, 
 }

我希望最终输出看起来像这样。有什么办法可以解决这个问题？请帮助我。

{
"key_01": {
    "a": "apple", 
    "y": "100.0", 
    "c": "cow", 
    "d": "doll", 
    "e": "elephant"
}, 
"key_02": {
    "a": "apple", 
    "y": "100.0", 
    "c": "cow", 
    "d": "doll", 
    "e": "elephant"
}, 
"key_03": {
    "a": "apple", 
    "y": "100.0", 
    "c": "cow", 
    "d": "doll", 
    "e": "elephant"
},

Answer 1

使用dict.pop删除所需的值：

import csv
import json
from io import StringIO

new_str = """key,a,b,c,d,e
01,apple,100,200,doll,elephant
02,apple,100,200,doll,elephant
03,apple,100,200,doll,elephant
"""

data = {}
csvReader = csv.DictReader(StringIO(new_str))
for rows in csvReader:
    key = rows.pop("key")
    data[key] = rows
print(json.dumps(data, indent=4))

输出：

{
    "01": {
        "a": "apple",
        "b": "100",
        "c": "200",
        "d": "doll",
        "e": "elephant"
    },
    "02": {
        "a": "apple",
        "b": "100",
        "c": "200",
        "d": "doll",
        "e": "elephant"
    },
    "03": {
        "a": "apple",
        "b": "100",
        "c": "200",
        "d": "doll",
        "e": "elephant"
    }
}

Answer 2

在代码的这一部分：

for rows in csvReader:
    key = rows["key"]
    data[key] = rows
    del data[key]['key'] # Add this line

Answer 3

如果您有权访问外部库，则可以使用pandas库。它使此任务非常简单：

import pandas as pd

# We don't read the key column.
df = pd.read_csv("my.csv", usecols=["a", "b", "c", "d", "e"])

# We create another column here with your desired format.
df["indexer"] = [f"record_{i}" for i in df.index]
# We make it the index, so if you export it to JSON later it will have your desired format.
df.set_index("indexer", inplace=True)

jsn = df.to_json('my.json', orient="index")

# OR, directly to Python dict for further use
dct = df.to_dict(orient="index")

将CSV转换为嵌套Json

3 个答案: