Question

打字稿：我该如何为原型添加功能类型？

interface Fool {
  greet(): any;
}

function Fool(name: string) {
  this.name = name;
}

Fool.prototype.greet = function() {
  console.log(`Fool greets ${this.name}`);
};

Fool('Joe').greet();
`Property 'greet' does not exist on type 'void'.`;

Answer 1

已更新

对于node.js和deno，您需要与undefined而不是Window进行比较

interface Fool {
    greet(): any;
}


function Fool(this: any, name: string): Fool {
    if (this === undefined) { // check if it was called statically.
        return new (Fool as any)(name);
    }
    this.name = name;
    return this;
}

Fool.prototype.greet = function () {
    console.log(`Fool greets ${this.name}`);
};

Fool("Joe").greet(); // Fool greets Joe

原始

TS中正确的方法是使用类而不是prototype。然后，您无需解决此问题。

class Fool {
  constructor(public name: string) {}

  greet() {
      console.log(`Fool greets ${this.name}`);
  }  
}

new Fool("Joe").greet(); // Fool greets Joe

如果您仍然想使用原型（不推荐使用的原型），则可以进行修复：

interface Fool {
  greet(): any;
}


function Fool(this: any, name: string): Fool {
  if (this.constructor === Window) { // check if it was called statically.
    return new (Fool as any)(name);
  }
  this.name = name;
  return this;
}

Fool.prototype.greet = function () {
  console.log(`Fool greets ${this.name}`);
};

Fool("Joe").greet(); // Fool greets Joe

Answer 2

如果使用new适合构建实例：

interface Fool {
  name: string;
  greet(): void;
}

interface FoolConstructor {
  new (name: string): Fool;
  (): void;
}

const Fool = function(this: Fool, name: string) {
  this.name = name;
} as FoolConstructor;

Fool.prototype.greet = function() {
  console.log(`Fool greets ${this.name}`);
};

new Fool('Joe').greet();

Answer 3

使用此解决方案，您可以同时使用Fool(name)和new Fool(name)。

interface Fool {
  name: string;
  greet(): void;
}

interface FoolConstructor {
  new(name: string): Fool;
  (name: string): Fool;
}

const Fool = function (this: Fool | void, name: string): Fool {
  if (!(this instanceof Fool)) {
    return new Fool(name);
  }

  this.name = name;
  return this;
} as FoolConstructor;

Fool.prototype.greet = function(this: Fool) {
  console.log(`Fool greets ${this.name}`);
};

console.log(
  new Fool('Joe').greet(),
  Fool('Joe').greet()
);

打字稿中的打字功能原型

3 个答案: