我正在尝试使用FuncAnimation对三个地块进行动画处理，但出现错误
_Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/XX/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/matplotlib/cbook/__init__.py", line 216, in process
func(*args, **kwargs)
File "/Users/XX/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/matplotlib/animation.py", line 953, in _start
self._init_draw()
File "/Users/XX/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/matplotlib/animation.py", line 1741, in _init_draw
a.set_animated(self._blit)
AttributeError: 'list' object has no attribute 'set_animated'
如果我改为使用blit=True，则该代码有效。看来问题与return line,有关，根据其他帖子，应该返回一个列表而不是一个元组，但是我不确定返回line的正确方法是什么。
谢谢
我的代码是
import math
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.animation import FuncAnimation
dt = 1e-5
dx = 5e-3
s = dt / dx**2
x_min = -1
x_max = 2
x = np.arange(x_min, x_max, dx)
print("s=",s)
def norm(f):
return np.sum(f*f.conjugate()).real*dx
def norm_sep(fre, fim):
return np.sum(fre*fre+fim*fim).real*dx
def initial_psi(x):
A = 1
x0 = 0.2
w = 0.1
k0 = 100
temp = np.exp(-(x-x0)**2/w**2)*np.exp(1j*k0*x)
return np.exp(-(x-x0)**2/w**2)*np.exp(1j*k0*x) / np.sqrt(norm(temp))
def potential(x):
V_temp = np.zeros_like(x)
mask = (x > (x_max+x_min)/2) & (x < 3*(x_max+x_min)/4)
V0 = 5000
V_temp[mask] = V0
return V_temp
print(x.shape)
V = potential(x)
psi0 = initial_psi(x)
print(norm(psi0))
plt.figure()
plt.plot(x, V)
plt.plot(x, psi0.real)
plt.plot(x, psi0.imag)
plt.plot(x, (psi0*psi0.conjugate()).real)
#plt.show()
psi_re_old = np.zeros_like(x)
psi_re_new = np.zeros_like(x)
psi_im_old = np.zeros_like(x)
psi_im_new = np.zeros_like(x)
def density(m, psi_re_old_, psi_re_new_, psi_im_old_, psi_im_new_):
if(m%2 == 0):
density = psi_re_new_*psi_re_new_+psi_im_old_*psi_im_new_
else:
density = psi_re_new_*psi_re_old_+psi_im_new_*psi_im_new_
return density
m=0
psi_re_old = psi0.real.copy()
psi_re_new = psi0.real.copy()
psi_im_old = psi0.imag.copy()
psi_im_new = psi0.imag.copy()
m=1
psi_im_new[1:-1] = psi_im_old[1:-1] + s*psi_re_new[0:-2] + s*psi_re_new[2:] - 2*(s+V[1:-1]*dt)*psi_re_new[1:-1]
def increment_step(m, psi_re_old, psi_re_new, psi_im_old, psi_im_new):
m = m+1
if(m%2 == 0):
psi_re_old = psi_re_new.copy()
psi_re_new[1:-1] = psi_re_old[1:-1] - s*psi_im_new[0:-2] - s*psi_im_new[2:] + 2*(s+V[1:-1]*dt)*psi_im_new[1:-1]
else:
psi_im_old = psi_im_new.copy()
psi_im_new[1:-1] = psi_im_old[1:-1] + s*psi_re_new[0:-2] + s*psi_re_new[2:] - 2*(s+V[1:-1]*dt)*psi_re_new[1:-1]
return (m, psi_re_old, psi_re_new, psi_im_old, psi_im_new)
#steps = 100000
#for i in range(0, steps):
# (m, psi_re_old, psi_re_new, psi_im_old, psi_im_new) = increment_step(m, psi_re_old, psi_re_new, psi_im_old, psi_im_new)
plt.figure()
plt.plot(x, psi_re_new)
plt.plot(x, psi_im_new)
plt.plot(x, density(m, psi_re_old, psi_re_new, psi_im_old, psi_im_new))
max_val_wf = np.max(psi_re_new)
max_val_V = np.max(V)
plt.plot(x, V*max_val_wf/max_val_V)
#plt.show()
# create a figure with two subplots
fig, (ax1, ax2, ax3) = plt.subplots(3,1)
# intialize two line objects (one in each axes)
line1, = ax1.plot([], [], lw=2)
line2, = ax2.plot([], [], lw=2, color='g')
line3, = ax3.plot([], [], lw=2, color='r')
ax1.plot(x, V*max_val_wf/max_val_V)
ax2.plot(x, V*max_val_wf/max_val_V)
ax3.plot(x, V*max_val_wf/max_val_V)
plt.tight_layout()
line = [line1, line2, line3]
# the same axes initalizations as before (just now we do it for both of them)
ax1.set_ylim(-2,2)
ax1.set_xlim(x_min, x_max)
ax1.grid()
ax1.set_ylabel(r'Re$\Psi(x,t)$')
ax1.set_title("Evolution of Wavefunction and Probability Density in real space")
ax2.set_ylim(-2, 2)
ax2.set_xlim(x_min, x_max)
ax2.grid()
ax2.set_ylabel(r'Im$\Psi(x,t)$')
ax3.set_ylim(0, 10)
ax3.set_xlim(x_min, x_max)
ax3.grid()
ax3.set_xlabel(r'$x$')
ax3.set_ylabel(r'$|\Psi(x,t)|^2$')
time_text = ax1.text(0.75, 0.95,'',horizontalalignment='left',verticalalignment='top', transform=ax1.transAxes)
step_text = ax1.text(0.75, 0.85,'',horizontalalignment='left',verticalalignment='top', transform=ax1.transAxes)
norm_text = ax1.text(0.75, 0.75,'',horizontalalignment='left',verticalalignment='top', transform=ax1.transAxes)
time_per_frame = dt # You could change this to make the animation faster or slower
def run_init():
line[0].set_data([], [])
line[1].set_data([], [])
line[2].set_data([], [])
return line,
def run(i, psi_re_old, psi_re_new, psi_im_old, psi_im_new):
m = i+1
(m, psi_re_old, psi_re_new, psi_im_old, psi_im_new) = increment_step(m, psi_re_old, psi_re_new, psi_im_old, psi_im_new)
y1data = psi_re_new
y2data = psi_im_new
y3data = density(m-1, psi_re_old, psi_re_new, psi_im_old, psi_im_new)
# update the data of the three line objects
line[0].set_data(x, y1data)
line[1].set_data(x, y2data)
line[2].set_data(x, y3data)
#Display the current animation time
time_text.set_text('tau = %.8f' % (i*time_per_frame))
step_text.set_text('step = ' + str(i))
norm_text.set_text('norm = %.2f' % (np.sum(y3data)*dx))
print(dt)
return line, time_text, step_text, norm_text
#
ani = FuncAnimation(fig, run, fargs = (psi_re_old, psi_re_new, psi_im_old, psi_im_new), init_func=run_init,
frames=1000, interval=1, blit=True)
plt.show()```