C ++ if语句使用lambda表达式返回true,但是输出来自false,为什么

时间:2019-09-19 15:05:24

标签: c++ class validation input

我正在使用Visual Studio 2017编译器的Windows 10操作系统上使用C ++ 17。

我正在尝试建立一个带有do-while循环和用户输入的菜单系统(一年后总是很痛苦)。当我执行这些操作时,如果输入的类型不正确,则会在“ else”语句中给出警告。

我运行了这段代码,以为它要么在启动之前就死掉或者完美运行,但是当我在itemMenu()函数中输入数字2并立即踢入该函数的else语句时,我感到很惊讶。我进行了一些调试,并确认if语句全部返回true。那我该怎么去else语句呢?

我对关键的if语句使用了lambda表达式,并测试了f的值(实际上是if语句)是否为真。我不经常使用这些,在调试过程中会收到一些奇怪的通知:

Menu.cpp
<...>\menu.cpp(94): warning C4805: '==': unsafe mix of type 'int' and type 'bool' in operation
<...>\menu.cpp(97): warning C4805: '==': unsafe mix of type 'int' and type 'bool' in operation
<...>\menu.cpp(86): warning C4715: '<lambda_6de01b1fefb73a14272db9ac7503c22b>::operator()': not all control paths return a value
<...>\Desktop\startingOver\Debug\startingOver.exe

这听起来可能是我的lambda表达式出了问题,但更有可能是需要清除cin标志。我也尝试过(也许不正确),但并没有解决问题。有什么事吗这是我的代码:

//Menu.h
#pragma once
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include "Player.h"
#include "Item.h"
#include "MoveCommand.h"
using namespace std;

class Menu
{
public:
    Menu();
    ~Menu();

    static void mainMenu(Player * player);
    static void itemMenu(Player * player);
    static void hud(Player * player);
};

//Menu.cpp
#include "Menu.h"

Menu::Menu()
{
}

Menu::~Menu()
{
}

void Menu::mainMenu(Player * player)
{
    char input;
    // do and keep doing while input is bad
    do {
        cout << "What to do? (W: go north; S: go south; A: go west: D: go east; I: inventory  ";
        cin >> input;

        if (toupper(input) == 'W')
        {
            MoveCommand * cmd = new MoveCommand(0, -1);
            break;
        }
        else if (toupper(input) == 'S')
        {
            MoveCommand * cmd = new MoveCommand(0, 1);
            break;
        }
        else if (toupper(input) == 'A')
        {
            MoveCommand * cmd = new MoveCommand(-1, 0);
            break;
        }
        else if (toupper(input) == 'D')
        {
            MoveCommand * cmd = new MoveCommand(1, 0);
            break;
        }
        else if (toupper(input) == 'I')
        {
            itemMenu(player);
            break;
        }
        else {
            cout << "Not an option, enter another input...  " << endl;
            system("pause");
        }

        system("CLS");

    } while (toupper(input) != 'W' && 
        toupper(input) != 'S' && 
        toupper(input) != 'A' && 
        toupper(input) != 'D' && 
        toupper(input) != 'I');

    system("cls");
}

void Menu::itemMenu(Player * player)
{
    //All this first part does is draw a figure on the screen:
    //----------------------------------------------
    cout << "INVENTORY: " << endl;

    for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
    {
        // if inventory location is null:
        if (player->inventory[i], NULL) {
            cout << "[   ]";
        }
        else
            cout << "[ i ]";
    }
    cout << endl;

    for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) cout << "  " << i << "  ";
    cout << endl;
    //------------------------------------------------
    char input;

    // I made this lambda function to facilitate the test the user input is a digit from 1 to 10.
    // it is possible that this is a problem, even though debug says this value returns true (see note/test below)
    auto f = [](char in) {for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {
        if (in == i) return true;
        else
            return false;
    }};

    // do and keep doing until choice is to quit
    do {
        cout << "Pick a slot: (Enter a number 1:10, or 'Q' to exit.  ";
        cin >> input;

        if (toupper(input) == 'Q') break;
        //bool both = (isdigit(input) == true && f(input) == true); // testing if value, which is true in debug tests...
        // ... and yet we never see anything inside this block--I even did a pause, which works everywhere else, but
        // the program is jumping to the else (wrong input) statment
        if (isdigit(input) == true && f(input) == true) {
            cout << "succesfully accessed " << input << "th inventory item" << endl;
            system("pause");
        }

        else
            cout << "(Inventory Else) Not an option, enter another input..." << endl; // I appended (Inventory Else) to confirm we go here
        system("pause");
        system("cls");

    } while (toupper(input) != 'Q' && f(input) == false);
    system("cls");
}

void Menu::hud(Player * player)
{
}

//Main.cpp
#pragma once
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include "Player.h"
#include "Command.h"
#include "MoveCommand.h"
#include "Event.h"
#include "Item.h"
#include "Tile.h"
#include "Menu.h"

int main() {

    Player player;

    //game loop
    while (1) {
        Menu::mainMenu(&player);
    }

    return 0;
}

编辑:我忘记了这个重要的难题:

//Player.h

class Player
{
private:
    int _x;
    int _y; 
public:
    Item *inventory[10];

    Player();
    //~Player();

    //methods
    int getX();
    int getY();
    void move(int x, int y);
};

请注意,如果我应该知道做某事的更好方法(例如正则表达式或try / throw / catch或其他任何东西),那么我宁愿自己确定自己知道如何做。

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:3)

似乎您正在混合0'0'。也就是说,值0和字符0。第一个是int,第二个是char。 C ++会进行一些转换,因此'0'+2 == '2',但重要的是'0'+'2' != '2'

因此,您的lambda中的循环应从char i = '0'i <= '9'运行。并不是说这里真的很重要。您错过了std::isdigit(c)

您的另一个问题是isdigit(input) == true。这是一种反模式。在C ++中,您不会将其与布尔值进行比较。对于isdigit(c),它可能会失败,当c是一个数字时,它会返回非零数字isdigit('5')很可能返回'5',而isdigit('0')很可能返回'0'。是的,我说的是一个非零数字,但是'0'是一个非零数字。 isdigit('C')将始终返回0(数字,而不是字符)。