我正在寻找Java中图形后顺序遍历的迭代版本。我已经编写了执行迭代DFS的代码。我如何修改代码,以便以下代码可以打印出迭代后置DFS遍历的路径?例如,下图的输出应为FCBEDA(G)。
public void DFS(int sourceVertex) {
Stack<Integer> stack = new Stack<>();
stack.push(sourceVertex);
while (!stack.isEmpty()) {
int v = stack.pop();
if (!marked[v]) {
marked[v] = true;
for (int w : v.adj) {
stack.push(w);
}
}
}
}
答案 0 :(得分:4)
您应尽可能深入然后将其放入后期订单列表中的方法是:
public LinkedList<Integer> postorder(Digraph digraph, int source) {
Stack<Integer> stack = new Stack<>();
LinkedList<Integer> postorder = new LinkedList<>();
visited[source] = true; // visited = new boolean[V], # of vertices
stack.push(source);
while (!stack.isEmpty()) {
int cur = stack.peek(); // don't pop(), just peek(), we will pop() it
boolean tail = true; // only if this vertex is tail
for (Integer v : digraph.adj(cur)) {
if (visited[v] == false) {
tail = false; // found one vertex that can be approached next
visited[v] = true; // then vertex cur is not tail yet
stack.push(v);
break; // one neighbor is found and that is enough,
// let's examine it in next peek(), others
} // will be found later
}
if (tail) { // we didn't enter for-loop above, then cur is
stack.pop(); // tail, we pop() it and add to postorder list
postorder.addLast(cur);
}
}
return postorder;
}
代码中的注释应说明方法。
答案 1 :(得分:1)
您的图是有向图,您不能从F
到任何其他节点,然后,F
的 DFS 仅返回F
节点。通常,当您使用不同的起始节点(并且图形是否有向)时,输出会有所不同。
迭代 DFS 算法可以写为:
static List<Node> DFS(Node n) {
Stack<Node> current = new Stack<>();
Set<Node> visited = new HashSet<>(); // efficient lookup
List<Node> result = new ArrayList<>(); // ordered
current.push(n);
while(!current.isEmpty()) {
Node c = current.pop();
if(!visited.contains(c)) {
result.add(c);
visited.add(c);
// push in reversed order
IntStream.range(0, c.getChildren().size())
.forEach(i -> current.push(c.getChildren().get(c.getChildren().size() - i - 1)));
}
}
return result;
}
您可以避免使用visited
Set
,但是使用result
来检查节点是否被访问,而O(n)
花费了Set
(摊销)。
完整的示例:
O(1)
输出:
public static void main(String[] args) {
Node A = new Node("A");
Node B = new Node("B");
Node C = new Node("C");
Node D = new Node("D");
Node E = new Node("E");
Node F = new Node("F");
Node G = new Node("G");
A.getChildren().addAll(asList(B, D));
B.getChildren().addAll(asList(C));
C.getChildren().addAll(asList(F));
D.getChildren().addAll(asList(B, F, E));
E.getChildren().addAll(asList(F));
//F.getChildren().addAll(asList());
G.getChildren().addAll(asList(F));
testDFS(F);
testDFS(G);
testDFS(A);
}
static class Node {
private final String label;
private final List<Node> children;
Node(String label) {
this.label = label;
this.children = new ArrayList<>();
}
public String getLabel() {
return label;
}
public List<Node> getChildren() {
return children;
}
@Override
public int hashCode() {
return getLabel().hashCode();
}
@Override
public boolean equals(Object obj) {
if (!(obj instanceof Node))
return false;
return getLabel().equals(((Node) obj).getLabel());
}
}
如果您希望事后订购(首先显示最后一个访问的节点),则反转结果列表(或添加到标题等)。
要颠倒From 'F': F
From 'G': G, F
From 'A': A, B, C, F, D, E
的顺序,请在插入之前不要颠倒:
children
现在,您得到static List<Node> DFSreversedPostOrder(Node n) {
Stack<Node> current = new Stack<>();
Set<Node> visited = new HashSet<>(); // efficient lookup
List<Node> result = new ArrayList<>(); // ordered
current.push(n);
while(!current.isEmpty()) {
Node c = current.pop();
if(!visited.contains(c)) {
result.add(0, c);
visited.add(c);
c.getChildren().forEach(current::push);
}
}
return result;
}
:
CBFEDA
注意,您的示例是错误的,因为在From 'F': F
From 'G': F, G
From 'A': C, B, F, E, D, A
节点之后,您必须访问E
而不是F
。