Question

我在配置单元中有一个表，其中包含351837条记录（110 MB大小），我正在使用python读取此表并写入sql服务器。

在此过程中，将数据从蜂巢读取到熊猫数据帧时需要花费很长时间。当我加载全部记录（351k）时，需要90分钟。

为了改进，我采用了以下方法，例如从蜂巢中读取1万行并写入sql server。但是，仅从配置单元读取1万行并将其分配给Dataframe仅需要4-5分钟的时间。

def execute_hadoop_export():
       """
       This will run the steps required for a Hadoop Export.  
       Return Values is boolean for success fail
       """
       try:

           hql='select * from db.table '
           # Open Hive ODBC Connection
           src_conn = pyodbc.connect("DSN=****",autocommit=True)
           cursor=src_conn.cursor()
           #tgt_conn = pyodbc.connect(target_connection)

           # Using SQLAlchemy to dynamically generate query and leverage dataframe.to_sql to write to sql server...
           sql_conn_url = urllib.quote_plus('DRIVER={ODBC Driver 13 for SQL Server};SERVER=Xyz;DATABASE=Db2;UID=ee;PWD=*****')
           sql_conn_str = "mssql+pyodbc:///?odbc_connect={0}".format(sql_conn_url)
           engine = sqlalchemy.create_engine(sql_conn_str)
           # read source table.
           vstart=datetime.datetime.now()
           for df in pandas.read_sql(hql, src_conn,chunksize=10000):

               vfinish=datetime.datetime.now()

               print 'Finished 10k rows reading from hive and it took', (vfinish-vstart).seconds/60.0,' minutes'
           # Get connection string for target from Ctrl.Connnection

               df.to_sql(name='table', schema='dbo', con=engine, chunksize=10000, if_exists="append", index=False) 
               print 'Finished 10k rows writing into sql server and it took', (datetime.datetime.now()-vfinish).seconds/60.0, ' minutes'
               vstart=datetime.datetime.now()
           cursor.Close()


       except Exception, e:
           print str(e)

输出：

在python中读取配置单元表数据最快的方法是什么？

更新配置单元表结构

CREATE TABLE `table1`(
  `policynumber` varchar(15), 
  `unitidentifier` int, 
  `unitvin` varchar(150), 
  `unitdescription` varchar(100), 
  `unitmodelyear` varchar(4), 
  `unitpremium` decimal(18,2), 
  `garagelocation` varchar(150), 
  `garagestate` varchar(50), 
  `bodilyinjuryoccurrence` decimal(18,2), 
  `bodilyinjuryaggregate` decimal(18,2), 
  `bodilyinjurypremium` decimal(18,2), 
  `propertydamagelimits` decimal(18,2), 
  `propertydamagepremium` decimal(18,2), 
  `medicallimits` decimal(18,2), 
  `medicalpremium` decimal(18,2), 
  `uninsuredmotoristoccurrence` decimal(18,2), 
  `uninsuredmotoristaggregate` decimal(18,2), 
  `uninsuredmotoristpremium` decimal(18,2), 
  `underinsuredmotoristoccurrence` decimal(18,2), 
  `underinsuredmotoristaggregate` decimal(18,2), 
  `underinsuredmotoristpremium` decimal(18,2), 
  `umpdoccurrence` decimal(18,2), 
  `umpddeductible` decimal(18,2), 
  `umpdpremium` decimal(18,2), 
  `comprehensivedeductible` decimal(18,2), 
  `comprehensivepremium` decimal(18,2), 
  `collisiondeductible` decimal(18,2), 
  `collisionpremium` decimal(18,2), 
  `emergencyroadservicepremium` decimal(18,2), 
  `autohomecredit` tinyint, 
  `lossfreecredit` tinyint, 
  `multipleautopoliciescredit` tinyint, 
  `hybridcredit` tinyint, 
  `goodstudentcredit` tinyint, 
  `multipleautocredit` tinyint, 
  `fortyfivepluscredit` tinyint, 
  `passiverestraintcredit` tinyint, 
  `defensivedrivercredit` tinyint, 
  `antitheftcredit` tinyint, 
  `antilockbrakescredit` tinyint, 
  `perkcredit` tinyint, 
  `plantype` varchar(100), 
  `costnew` decimal(18,2), 
  `isnocontinuousinsurancesurcharge` tinyint)
CLUSTERED BY ( 
  policynumber, 
  unitidentifier) 
INTO 50 BUCKETS

注意：我也尝试了sqoop导出选项，但是我的配置单元表已经处于存储桶格式。

Answer 1

我尝试了多处理，我可以将其从2小时减少8-10分钟。请找到以下脚本。

calloc

--------- query.py文件-------

from multiprocessing import Pool
import pandas as pd
import datetime
from query import hivetable
from write_tosql import write_to_sql
p = Pool(37)
lst=[]
#we have 351k rows so generating series to use in hivetable method
for i in range(1,360000,10000):
    lst.append(i)
print 'started reading ',datetime.datetime.now()
#we have 40 cores in  cluster 
p = Pool(37)
s=p.map(hivetable, [i for i in lst])
s_df=pd.concat(s)
print 'finished reading ',datetime.datetime.now()
print 'Started writing to sql server ',datetime.datetime.now()
write_to_sql(s_df)
print 'Finished writing to sql server ',datetime.datetime.now()

--------- Write_tosql.py文件---------

import pyodbc
from multiprocessing import Pool
from functools import partial
import pandas as pd

conn = pyodbc.connect("DSN=******",autocommit=True)

def hivetable(row):
    query = 'select * from (select row_number() OVER (order by policynumber) as rownum, * from dbg.tble ) tbl1 where rownum between '+str(row) +' and '+str(row+9999)+';'
    result = pd.read_sql(query,conn)
    return result

任何其他解决方案都可以帮助我减少时间。

Answer 2

使用cmd.get_results之后，使用Pandas从磁盘读取输出的最佳方法是什么？（例如，来自Hive命令）。例如，考虑以下内容：

out_file = 'results.csv'
delimiter = chr(1)
....

Qubole.configure(qubole_key)
hc_params = ['--query', query]
hive_args = HiveCommand.parse(hc_params)
cmd = HiveCommand.run(**hive_args)
if (HiveCommand.is_success(cmd.status)):
    with open(out_file, 'wt') as writer:
        cmd.get_results(writer, delim=delimiter, inline=False)

如果成功运行查询后，然后检查result.csv的前几个字节，则会看到以下内容： $ head -c 300 results.csv b'flight_uid\twinning_price\tbid_price\timpressions_source_timestamp\n'b'0FY6ZsrnMy\x012000\x012270.0\x011427243278000\n0FamrXG9AW\x01710\x01747.0\x011427243733000\n0FY6ZsrnMy\x012000\x012270.0\x011427245266000\n0FY6ZsrnMy\x012000\x012270.0\x011427245088000\n0FamrXG9AW\x01330\x01747.0\x011427243407000\n0FamrXG9AW\x01710\x01747.0\x011427243981000\n0FamrXG9AW\x01490\x01747.0\x011427245289000\n 当我尝试在Pandas中打开此文件时：

df = pd.read_csv('results.csv')

它显然不起作用（我得到一个空的DataFrame），因为它没有正确格式化为csv文件。虽然我可以尝试打开results.csv并对其进行后期处理（以删除b'等），然后再在Pandas中打开它，但这是一种非常不方便的加载方式。我是否正确使用界面？这是使用三个小时前的最新版本的qds_sdk：1.4.2。

使用python从蜂巢读取数据时出现性能问题

2 个答案: