如何使用MediaStore在Android Q中保存图片?

时间:2019-07-05 13:57:36

标签: java android image kotlin mediastore

这是新的Android Q Scoped Storage的链接。

根据this Android Developers Best Practices Blogstoring shared media files(这是我的情况)应该使用MediaStore API完成。

深入文档后,我找不到相关功能。

这是我在科特林的审判:

val bitmap = getImageBitmap() // I have a bitmap from a function or callback or whatever
val name = "example.png" // I have a name

val picturesDirectory = getExternalFilesDir(Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES)!!

// Make sure the directory "Android/data/com.mypackage.etc/files/Pictures" exists
if (!picturesDirectory.exists()) {
    picturesDirectory.mkdirs()
}

try {
    val out = FileOutputStream(File(picturesDirectory, name))
    bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 100, out)

    out.flush()
    out.close()

} catch(e: Exception) {
    // handle the error
}

结果是,我的图像按照最佳实践博客中的描述Android/data/com.mypackage.etc/files/Pictures/example.png保存在Storing app-internal files


我的问题是:

如何使用MediaStore API保存图像?


同样可以接受Java中的答案。

预先感谢!


编辑

感谢PerracoLabs

那真的有帮助!

但是还有3点。

这是我的代码:

val name = "Myimage"
val relativeLocation = Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES + File.pathSeparator + "AppName"

val contentValues  = ContentValues().apply {
    put(MediaStore.Images.ImageColumns.DISPLAY_NAME, name)
    put(MediaStore.MediaColumns.MIME_TYPE, "image/png")

    // without this part causes "Failed to create new MediaStore record" exception to be invoked (uri is null below)
    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.Q) {
        put(MediaStore.Images.ImageColumns.RELATIVE_PATH, relativeLocation)
    }
}

val contentUri = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI
var stream: OutputStream? = null
var uri: Uri? = null

try {
    uri = contentResolver.insert(contentUri, contentValues)
    if (uri == null)
    {
        throw IOException("Failed to create new MediaStore record.")
    }

    stream = contentResolver.openOutputStream(uri)

    if (stream == null)
    {
        throw IOException("Failed to get output stream.")
    }

    if (!bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 100, stream))
    {
        throw IOException("Failed to save bitmap.")
    }


    Snackbar.make(mCoordinator, R.string.image_saved_success, Snackbar.LENGTH_INDEFINITE).setAction("Open") {
        val intent = Intent()
        intent.type = "image/*"
        intent.action = Intent.ACTION_VIEW
        intent.data = contentUri
        startActivity(Intent.createChooser(intent, "Select Gallery App"))
    }.show()

} catch(e: IOException) {
    if (uri != null)
    {
        contentResolver.delete(uri, null, null)
    }

    throw IOException(e)

}
finally {
    stream?.close()
}

1-保存的图像没有正确的名称“ Myimage.png”

我尝试使用“ Myimage”和“ Myimage.PNG”,但都无法使用。

图片始终使用由数字组成的名称,例如:

1563468625314.jpg

这给我们带来了第二个问题:

2-即使我以jpg的格式压缩位图,图像也保存为png

不是大问题。只是好奇为什么。

3-相对位置位导致设备小于Android Q的异常。 在用“ Android Version Check” if语句包围之后,图像将直接保存在Pictures文件夹的根目录中。

另一个谢谢你。


编辑2

更改为:

uri = contentResolver.insert(contentUri, contentValues)
if (uri == null)
{
    throw IOException("Failed to create new MediaStore record.")
}

val cursor = contentResolver.query(uri, null, null, null, null)
DatabaseUtils.dumpCursor(cursor)
cursor!!.close()

stream = contentResolver.openOutputStream(uri)

这是日志

I/System.out: >>>>> Dumping cursor android.content.ContentResolver$CursorWrapperInner@76da9d1
I/System.out: 0 {
I/System.out:    _id=25417
I/System.out:    _data=/storage/emulated/0/Pictures/1563640732667.jpg
I/System.out:    _size=null
I/System.out:    _display_name=Myimage
I/System.out:    mime_type=image/png
I/System.out:    title=1563640732667
I/System.out:    date_added=1563640732
I/System.out:    is_hdr=null
I/System.out:    date_modified=null
I/System.out:    description=null
I/System.out:    picasa_id=null
I/System.out:    isprivate=null
I/System.out:    latitude=null
I/System.out:    longitude=null
I/System.out:    datetaken=null
I/System.out:    orientation=null
I/System.out:    mini_thumb_magic=null
I/System.out:    bucket_id=-1617409521
I/System.out:    bucket_display_name=Pictures
I/System.out:    width=null
I/System.out:    height=null
I/System.out:    is_hw_privacy=null
I/System.out:    hw_voice_offset=null
I/System.out:    is_hw_favorite=null
I/System.out:    hw_image_refocus=null
I/System.out:    album_sort_index=null
I/System.out:    bucket_display_name_alias=null
I/System.out:    is_hw_burst=0
I/System.out:    hw_rectify_offset=null
I/System.out:    special_file_type=0
I/System.out:    special_file_offset=null
I/System.out:    cam_perception=null
I/System.out:    cam_exif_flag=null
I/System.out: }
I/System.out: <<<<<

我注意到title与名称匹配,所以我尝试添加:

put(MediaStore.Images.ImageColumns.TITLE, name)

它仍然不起作用,这是新的日志:

I/System.out: >>>>> Dumping cursor android.content.ContentResolver$CursorWrapperInner@51021a5
I/System.out: 0 {
I/System.out:    _id=25418
I/System.out:    _data=/storage/emulated/0/Pictures/1563640934803.jpg
I/System.out:    _size=null
I/System.out:    _display_name=Myimage
I/System.out:    mime_type=image/png
I/System.out:    title=Myimage
I/System.out:    date_added=1563640934
I/System.out:    is_hdr=null
I/System.out:    date_modified=null
I/System.out:    description=null
I/System.out:    picasa_id=null
I/System.out:    isprivate=null
I/System.out:    latitude=null
I/System.out:    longitude=null
I/System.out:    datetaken=null
I/System.out:    orientation=null
I/System.out:    mini_thumb_magic=null
I/System.out:    bucket_id=-1617409521
I/System.out:    bucket_display_name=Pictures
I/System.out:    width=null
I/System.out:    height=null
I/System.out:    is_hw_privacy=null
I/System.out:    hw_voice_offset=null
I/System.out:    is_hw_favorite=null
I/System.out:    hw_image_refocus=null
I/System.out:    album_sort_index=null
I/System.out:    bucket_display_name_alias=null
I/System.out:    is_hw_burst=0
I/System.out:    hw_rectify_offset=null
I/System.out:    special_file_type=0
I/System.out:    special_file_offset=null
I/System.out:    cam_perception=null
I/System.out:    cam_exif_flag=null
I/System.out: }
I/System.out: <<<<<

而且我无法将date_added更改为名称。

不推荐使用MediaStore.MediaColumns.DATA

预先感谢!

4 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

如果有人在寻找如何将照片保存到DCIM文件夹中的方式,稍后将在Google相册中显示: (基于:https://github.com/yasirkula/UnityNativeGallery/blob/670d9e2b8328f7796dd95d29dd80fadd8935b804/JAR%20Source/NativeGallery.java#L73-L96

ContentValue values = new ContentValues();
values.put(MediaStore.MediaColumns.RELATIVE_PATH, Environment.DIRECTORY_DCIM);
values.put(MediaStore.MediaColumns.DATE_TAKEN, System.currentTimeMillis());
values.put(MediaStore.MediaColumns.IS_PENDING, true);

Uri uri = context.getContentResolver().insert(externalContentUri, values);

if (uri != null) {
    try {
        if (WriteFileToStream(originalFile, context.getContentResolver().openOutputStream(uri))) {
            values.put(MediaStore.MediaColumns.IS_PENDING, false);
            context.getContentResolver().update(uri, values, null, null);
        }
    } catch (Exception e) {
        context.getContentResolver().delete( uri, null, null );
    }
}

WriteFileToStream是从文件复制到流的标准方法。

答案 1 :(得分:1)

这就是我一直使用的。你可以试试看。

 private void saveImageToStorage() throws IOException {

    OutputStream imageOutStream;
    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.Q) {

        ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
        values.put(MediaStore.Images.Media.DISPLAY_NAME, "image_screenshot.jpg");
        values.put(MediaStore.Images.Media.MIME_TYPE, "image/jpeg");
        values.put(MediaStore.Images.Media.RELATIVE_PATH, Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES);
        Uri uri = getContentResolver().insert(MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, values);

        imageOutStream = getContentResolver().openOutputStream(uri);
    } else {
        String imagePath = Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES).toString();
        File image = new File(imagePath, "image_screenshotjpg");
        imageOutStream = new FileOutputStream(image);
    }

    try {
        bitmapObject.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 100, imageOutStream);
    } finally {
        imageOutStream.close();
    }

}

答案 2 :(得分:0)

尝试下一种方法。如果文件夹不存在,Android Q已经负责创建文件夹。该示例经过硬编码后可以输出到Pictures文件夹中。如果您需要一个子文件夹,请在下一个子文件夹名称后添加:

final String relativeLocation = Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES + File.pathSeparator + “YourSubforderName”;

请考虑压缩格式应与mime-type参数相关。例如,对于JPEG压缩格式,mime类型将为“ image / jpeg”,依此类推。

private void saveBitmap(@NonNull final Context context, @NonNull final Bitmap bitmap,
                        @NonNull final Bitmap.CompressFormat format, @NonNull final String mimeType,
                        @NonNull final String displayName) throws IOException
{
    final String relativeLocation = Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES;

    final ContentValues  contentValues = new ContentValues();
    contentValues.put(MediaStore.MediaColumns.DISPLAY_NAME, displayName);
    contentValues.put(MediaStore.MediaColumns.MIME_TYPE, mimeType);
    contentValues.put(MediaStore.MediaColumns.RELATIVE_PATH, relativeLocation);

    final ContentResolver resolver = context.getContentResolver();

    OutputStream stream = null;
    Uri uri = null;

    try
    {
        final Uri contentUri = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
        uri = resolver.insert(contentUri, contentValues);

        if (uri == null)
        {
            throw new IOException("Failed to create new MediaStore record.");
        }

        stream = resolver.openOutputStream(uri);

        if (stream == null)
        {
            throw new IOException("Failed to get output stream.");
        }

        if (bitmap.compress(format, 95, stream) == false)
        {
            throw new IOException("Failed to save bitmap.");
        }
    }
    catch (IOException e)
    {
        if (uri != null)
        {
            resolver.delete(uri, null, null);
        }

        throw new IOException(e);
    }
    finally
    {
        if (stream != null)
        {
            stream.close();
        }
    }
}

答案 3 :(得分:0)

private void saveImage(Bitmap bitmap, @NonNull String name) throws IOException {
    OutputStream fos;
    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.Q) {
        ContentResolver resolver = getContentResolver();
        ContentValues contentValues = new ContentValues();
        contentValues.put(MediaStore.MediaColumns.DISPLAY_NAME, name + ".jpg");
        contentValues.put(MediaStore.MediaColumns.MIME_TYPE, "image/jpg");
        contentValues.put(MediaStore.MediaColumns.RELATIVE_PATH, Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES);
        Uri imageUri = resolver.insert(MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, contentValues);
        fos = resolver.openOutputStream(Objects.requireNonNull(imageUri));
    } else {
        String imagesDir = Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES).toString();
        File image = new File(imagesDir, name + ".jpg");
        fos = new FileOutputStream(image);
    }
    bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 100, fos);
    Objects.requireNonNull(fos).close();
}

图像将存储在图片文件夹@根目录