SQL算法排序器

时间：2019-07-04 05:31:43

标签： sql mariadb mariadb-10.1

这是我的表格数据。如果cat_parent_id为0，则表示其父级，例如People and Culture是cat_id = 1的父级，Employee Benefits and Certification是People and Culture的子级。但是，员工福利和认证也有孩子。雇员福利cat_id = 6，因此他的孩子是SSS贷款查询，而证书的cat_id = 10，则他的孩子将是就业证明和SSS贡献证书。

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预期输出：

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此刻我有点运气。

Admin and Facilities
  • Safety and Security Related Concerns
     • CCTV Footage

Information Technology
  • User Account
     • Enable / Disable Access

People and Culture
     • Certification
        • Certificate of Employment
        • SSS Certificate of Employment
     • Employee Benefits Request
        • SSS Loan Inquiry

主要目标是按字母顺序对每个父级（第一优先级），类别（第二优先级），子类别（第三优先级）进行数据排序。我正在使用别名排序器，但无法正常工作。

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分：1)

在MySQL 8之前的版本中，递归查询非常棘手。在您的情况下，您似乎只有3个级别（0、1和2），因此最好多次自我外联表，以获取从根到每个节点的路径。

最后，对从根到子的“路径”中的名称进行串联排序：

select a.cat_id, a.cat_level, a.cat_name, 
    concat(
        ifnull(concat(c.cat_name, '  '), ''),
        ifnull(concat(b.cat_name, '  '), ''),
        a.cat_name) as cat_order
from ticket_categories a
left join ticket_categories b on b.cat_id = a.cat_parent_id 
left join ticket_categories c on c.cat_id = b.cat_parent_id 
order by cat_order;

您可以轻松扩展此查询以支持更多级别；只需添加许多left join行和表别名，并相应地扩展concat表达式即可。

在MySQL 8中，您可以使用可以处理任意多个级别的递归查询：

with recursive cte(cat_id, cat_level, cat_name, cat_order) as (
  select cat_id, cat_level, cat_name, cat_name
  from ticket_categories
  where cat_parent_id = 0
  union
  select t.cat_id, t.cat_level, t.cat_name, concat(cte.cat_order, '  ', t.cat_name)  
  from cte
  inner join ticket_categories t on t.cat_parent_id = cte.cat_id
)
select * from cte
order by cat_order;

两个查询的输出：

cat_id | cat_level | cat_name                             | cat_order
-------+-----------+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   3   |     0     | Admin and Facilities                 | Admin and Facilities
   4   |     1     | Safety and Security Related Concerns | Admin and Facilities  Safety and Security Related Concerns
   9   |     2     | CCTV Footage Request                 | Admin and Facilities  Safety and Security Related Concerns  CCTV Footage Request
   2   |     0     | Information Technology               | Information Technology
   5   |     1     | User Account                         | Information Technology  User Account
   8   |     2     | Enable / Disable Access              | Information Technology  User Account  Enable / Disable Access
   1   |     0     | People and Culture                   | People and Culture
  10   |     1     | Certification                        | People and Culture  Certification
  11   |     2     | Certificate of Employment            | People and Culture  Certification  Certificate of Employment
  12   |     2     | SSS Certificate of Contributions     | People and Culture  Certification  SSS Certificate of Contributions

在路径（cat_order）中使用双精度空格作为分隔符。假设您的名字中不会包含双倍空格。如果可能的话，如果也您使用的名称中，一个是另一个的前缀，则顺序可能会出错。

对于最终的缩进格式，您将使用cat_level列。但是我认为这种任务不属于SQL，尽管使用它很容易

concat(repeat('  ', cat_level), cat_name)

两个查询都为db fiddle。

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