Question

我正在尝试使硒在树莓派上以无头模式运行。我的脚本可以在Windows计算机上正常运行，但是我无法使这种特殊组合正常工作：

Raspbian GNU / Linux 9（拉伸）
Python 3.7.3
geckodriver 0.23.0（2018-10-04）
selenium-server-standalone-3.141.59
Mozilla Firefox 52.9.0

首先，我按照 documentation中的说明启动selenium-server-standalone：

$ java -jar selenium-server-standalone-3.141.59.jar &
[1] 1842
14:39:26.881 INFO [GridLauncherV3.parse] - Selenium server version: 3.141.59, revision: e82be7d358
14:39:27.321 INFO [GridLauncherV3.lambda$buildLaunchers$3] - Launching a standalone Selenium Server on port 4444
2019-06-30 14:39:27.589:INFO::main: Logging initialized @2114ms to org.seleniumhq.jetty9.util.log.StdErrLog
14:39:28.755 INFO [WebDriverServlet.<init>] - Initialising WebDriverServlet
14:39:29.174 INFO [SeleniumServer.boot] - Selenium Server is up and running on port 4444

然后我在Python中运行以下测试脚本：

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.options import Options
from pyvirtualdisplay import Display

display = Display(visible=0, size=(800, 800))
display.start()

options = Options()
options.headless = True
driver = webdriver.Firefox(options=options)
driver.get("http://google.com/")
driver.quit()

我收到以下错误消息：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "debug3.py", line 10, in <module>
    driver = webdriver.Firefox(options=options)
  File "/usr/local/opt/python37/lib/python3.7/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/firefox/webdriver.py", line 174, in __init__
    keep_alive=True)
  File "/usr/local/opt/python37/lib/python3.7/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 157, in __init__
    self.start_session(capabilities, browser_profile)
  File "/usr/local/opt/python37/lib/python3.7/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 252, in start_session
    response = self.execute(Command.NEW_SESSION, parameters)
  File "/usr/local/opt/python37/lib/python3.7/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 321, in execute
    self.error_handler.check_response(response)
  File "/usr/local/opt/python37/lib/python3.7/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/errorhandler.py", line 242, in check_response
    raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace)
selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: connection refused

根据this线程，我包括了pyvirtualdisplay。但是结果并没有太大的区别。另外，this线程中的代码不起作用。

Answer 1

我确定了问题，这是三个错误的组合：

无需运行selenium-server-standalone
我没有使用正确版本的geckodriver，因此raspbian不必安装最新版本的Firefox / Iceweasel。 Mozilla 52的正确版本是geckodriver 0.17。兼容版本的列表是here，而geckodriver的发行版是here。
对于xvfb而言，python脚本的运行速度太快，它无需进行渲染就可以进行交互。我还为pyvirtualdisplay安装了其他推荐的依赖项（通过tell toolbar 1 entire contents end tell，另请参见here）

无法使用Python和geckodriver在Raspbian下运行selenium-webdriver

1 个答案: