合并具有重叠时间范围的时间范围元组列表

时间:2011-04-15 16:21:08

标签: python algorithm merge

我有一个元组列表,其中每个元组都是(start-time, end-time)。我正在尝试合并所有重叠的时间范围并返回不同时间范围的列表。 例如

[(1, 5), (2, 4), (3, 6)] --->  [(1,6)]
[(1, 3), (2, 4), (5, 8)] --->  [(1, 4), (5,8)]

以下是我实施它的方式。

# Algorithm
# initialranges: [(a,b), (c,d), (e,f), ...]
# First we sort each tuple then whole list.
# This will ensure that a<b, c<d, e<f ... and a < c < e ... 
# BUT the order of b, d, f ... is still random
# Now we have only 3 possibilities
#================================================
# b<c<d: a-------b           Ans: [(a,b),(c,d)]
#                  c---d
# c<=b<d: a-------b          Ans: [(a,d)]
#               c---d
# c<d<b: a-------b           Ans: [(a,b)]
#         c---d
#================================================
def mergeoverlapping(initialranges):
    i = sorted(set([tuple(sorted(x)) for x in initialranges]))

    # initialize final ranges to [(a,b)]
    f = [i[0]]
    for c, d in i[1:]:
        a, b = f[-1]
        if c<=b<d:
            f[-1] = a, d
        elif b<c<d:
            f.append((c,d))
        else:
            # else case included for clarity. Since 
            # we already sorted the tuples and the list
            # only remaining possibility is c<d<b
            # in which case we can silently pass
            pass
    return f

我想知道是否

  1. 某个python模块中的内置函数是否可以更有效地执行此操作?或
  2. 是否有更多的pythonic方法来实现同一目标?
  3. 感谢您的帮助。谢谢!

5 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:14)

提高效率的几种方法,Pythonic:

  1. 消除set()构造,因为算法应在主循环期间删除重复项。
  2. 如果您只需要迭代结果,请使用yield生成值。
  3. 减少中间对象的构造,例如:将tuple()调用移动到产生最终值的位置,这样就不必构造和丢弃额外的元组,并重用列表{{1}用于存储当前时间范围以进行比较。
  4. 代码:

    saved

答案 1 :(得分:2)

  

排序元组然后列出,如果t1.right&gt; = t2.left =&gt;合并   并使用新列表重新启动,...

- &GT;

def f(l, sort = True):
    if sort:
        sl = sorted(tuple(sorted(i)) for i in l)
    else:
        sl = l
    if len(sl) > 1:
        if sl[0][1] >= sl[1][0]:
            sl[0] = (sl[0][0], sl[1][1])
            del sl[1]
            if len(sl) < len(l):
                return f(sl, False)
    return sl

答案 2 :(得分:1)

排序部分:使用标准排序,它已经以正确的方式比较元组。

sorted_tuples = sorted(initial_ranges)

合并部分。它也消除了重复范围,因此不需要set。假设您有current_tuplenext_tuple

c_start, c_end = current_tuple
n_start, n_end = next_tuple
if n_start <= c_end: 
  merged_tuple = min(c_start, n_start), max(c_end, n_end)

我希望逻辑足够清楚。

要查看下一个元组,您可以使用对sorted tuples的索引访问;无论如何,这是一个完全已知的序列。

答案 3 :(得分:1)

对所有边界进行排序,然后选择边界结束后面跟着边界开始的所有对。

def mergeOverlapping(initialranges):
    def allBoundaries():
        for r in initialranges:
            yield r[0], True
            yield r[1], False

    def getBoundaries(boundaries):
        yield boundaries[0][0]
        for i in range(1, len(boundaries) - 1):
            if not boundaries[i][1] and boundaries[i + 1][1]:
                yield boundaries[i][0]
                yield boundaries[i + 1][0]
        yield boundaries[-1][0]

    return getBoundaries(sorted(allBoundaries()))
嗯,不是那么漂亮,但写起来至少很有趣!

编辑:多年后,在一次upvote之后,我意识到我的代码错了!这是新版本,只是为了好玩:

def mergeOverlapping(initialRanges):
    def allBoundaries():
        for r in initialRanges:
            yield r[0], -1
            yield r[1], 1

    def getBoundaries(boundaries):
        openrange = 0
        for value, boundary in boundaries:
            if not openrange:
                yield value
            openrange += boundary
            if not openrange:
                yield value

    def outputAsRanges(b):
        while b:
            yield (b.next(), b.next())

    return outputAsRanges(getBoundaries(sorted(allBoundaries())))

基本上我用-1或1标记边界,然后按值对它们进行排序,只有当开括号和闭括号之间的平衡为零时才输出它们。

答案 4 :(得分:1)

迟到了,但可能会帮助有人找这个。我有一个类似的问题,但有词典。给定一个时间范围列表,我想找到重叠并在可能的情况下合并它们。对@samplebias的一点修改回答了我:

合并功能:

File directory = new File("\\your_path");
File[] contents = directory.listFiles();
for (File f : contents) {
    System.out.println(f.getName());
}

数据:

def merge_range(ranges: list, start_key: str, end_key: str):
    ranges = sorted(ranges, key=lambda x: x[start_key])
    saved = dict(ranges[0])

    for range_set in sorted(ranges, key=lambda x: x[start_key]):
        if range_set[start_key] <= saved[end_key]:
            saved[end_key] = max(saved[end_key], range_set[end_key])
        else:
            yield dict(saved)
            saved[start_key] = range_set[start_key]
            saved[end_key] = range_set[end_key]
    yield dict(saved)

<强>执行:

data = [
    {'start_time': '09:00:00', 'end_time': '11:30:00'},
    {'start_time': '15:00:00', 'end_time': '15:30:00'},
    {'start_time': '11:00:00', 'end_time': '14:30:00'},
    {'start_time': '09:30:00', 'end_time': '14:00:00'}
]

<强>输出:

print(list(merge_range(ranges=data, start_key='start_time', end_key='end_time')))