因此,我一直在研究创建一个简单的井字游戏,其中人类玩家与通过minimax算法运行的ai对抗。最近几天,我试图找出这两个错误,但我似乎无法终生。首先,人工智能似乎是可以预见的并且不是很好。其次,似乎可行的唯一方法是首先让AI前进,如果我让人类玩家先进入,那么AI就会继续填补下一个可用位置。任何帮助将不胜感激。
这是我的代码:
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Game
{
static String player = "X";
static String opponent = "O";
int row;
int col;
public Game(int x, int y)
{
row = x;
col = y;
}
public static void main(String[] args)
{
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
String [][] board = new String [3][3];
fillBoard(board);
while(true) //Infinite loop only for testing, will change back
{
getBestMove(board);
printBoard(board);
playerTurn(board, input);
printBoard(board);
//System.out.println("Best move: " + bestMove.row + " " + bestMove.col);
}
//input.close();
}
static int checkState(String [][] board)
{
for (int row = 0; row<3; row++) //Rows
{
if (board[row][0] == board[row][1] &&
board[row][1] == board[row][2])
{
if (board[row][0]==player)
return -10;
else if (board[row][0]==opponent)
return +10;
}
}
for (int col = 0; col<3; col++) //Columns
{
if (board[0][col]==board[1][col] &&
board[1][col]==board[2][col])
{
if (board[0][col]==player)
return -10;
else if (board[0][col]==opponent)
return +10;
}
}
if (board[0][0]==board[1][1] && board[1][1]==board[2][2]) //Diagonal
{
if (board[0][0]==player)
return -10;
else if (board[0][0]==opponent)
return +10;
}
else if (board[0][2]==board[1][1] && board[1][1]==board[2][0]) //Diagonal
{
if (board[0][2]==player)
return -10;
else if (board[0][2]==opponent)
return +10;
}
return 0;
}
public static void getBestMove(String[][] board)
{
int bestValue = -1000;
Game bestMove = new Game(-1,-1);
for(int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
{
for(int j = 0; j < 3; j++)
{
if(board[i][j] == "-")
{
board[i][j] = player;
int currentValue = minimax(board, 0, false);
board[i][j] = "-";
if(currentValue > bestValue)
{
bestMove.row = i;
bestMove.col = j;
bestValue = currentValue;
}
}
}
}
board[bestMove.row][bestMove.col]= opponent;
}
public static int minimax(String [][] board, int depth, boolean isMaximizer)
{
if(checkState(board) != 0)
return checkState(board);
if(checkRemainingPlays(board) == false)
return 0;
if(isMaximizer)
{
int highest = -1000;
for(int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
{
for(int j = 0; j < 3; j++)
{
if(board[i][j] == "-")
{
board[i][j] = player;
highest = Math.max(highest, minimax(board, depth + 1, !isMaximizer));
board[i][j] = "-";
}
}
}
return highest;
}
else
{
int lowest = 1000;
for(int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
{
for(int j = 0; j < 3; j++)
{
if(board[i][j] == "-")
{
board[i][j] = opponent;
lowest = Math.min(lowest, minimax(board, depth + 1, !isMaximizer));
board[i][j] = "-";
}
}
}
return lowest;
}
}
public static void playerTurn(String [][] board , Scanner input)
{
input = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Player 1: ");
System.out.println("Please enter the index of desired spot (I) ");
int desiredIndexI = input.nextInt();
System.out.println("Please enter the index of desired spot (J) ");
int desiredIndexJ = input.nextInt();
while(board[desiredIndexI][desiredIndexJ] != "-")
{
System.out.println("Please enter the index of desired spot (I) ");
desiredIndexI = input.nextInt();
System.out.println("Please enter the index of desired spot (J) ");
desiredIndexJ = input.nextInt();
}
board[desiredIndexI][desiredIndexJ] = player;
}
public static boolean checkRemainingPlays(String [][] board)
{
for(int i = 0; i < board.length; i++)
{
for(int j = 0; j < board[i].length; j++)
{
if (board[i][j] == "-")
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
public static void printBoard(String [][] board)
{
for(int i = 0; i < board.length; i++)
{
if(i <= 2 && i > 0)
System.out.println("----------");
for(int j = 0; j < board[i].length; j++)
{
if(j < 2)
System.out.print(board[i][j] + " | ");
if(j == 2)
System.out.println(board[i][j]);
}
}
}
public static void fillBoard(String [][] board)
{
for(int i = 0; i < board.length; i++)
{
for(int j = 0; j < board[i].length; j++)
{
board[i][j] = "-";
}
}
}
}
答案 0 :(得分:0)
首先,我想从好消息开始。用minimax算法解决Tic Tac Toe是对人工智能初学者的一项很好的培训。问题并不容易,它很好地教了什么是AI计划。使用Java来实现游戏加求解器也是一个不错的选择,因为该语言随处可见,支持面向对象的编程并且执行起来非常合理。
现在,我想介绍关键方面。第一个问题是与AI有关的问题与正常的计算任务有很大不同。如果源代码是关于在屏幕上绘制AWT Java GUI,还是关于如何将参数发送到类,那么我相信这个问题可以轻松回答。在大多数情况下,AI主题不会因为编程问题而失败,这意味着如何使用某种编程语言,而是因为底层算法。
描述和解决AI问题的讨论空间不在编程领域内,而是在古腾堡(Gutenberg)星系内。这意味着,围绕TicTacToe的人工智能游戏和Minimax算法,至少有1000篇论文,书籍和PowerPoint演示文稿可用。新手的任务不是编写Java源代码,而是阅读和引用这些源代码。这有助于其他人了解问题并提供详细的反馈。
我知道,这个道德指导并没有回答最初的问题,但是目的是解释为什么我按下了“将问题迁移到https://ai.stackexchange.com/”按钮。在这个论坛中,问题将很快得到答案。