我正在学习测试，并且正在使用coverage软件包。
我在测试唯一视图时遇到问题，它向数据库查询今天的社论（如果不存在），它将返回昨天的社论。
def today_editorial(request):
'''it does not handle the case when an editorial has not been created
before more than 2 days '''
editorials = Editorial.objects.all().order_by('-id')
tz = pytz.timezone('America/Bogota')
today_date = datetime.now(tz).date()
yesterday_date = today_date - timedelta(days=1)
try:
today_editorial = Editorial.objects.get(date = today_date)
if today_editorial:
return render(request, 'editorial/index.html', {'editorials': editorials, 'today_editorial': today_editorial})
except:
yesterday_editorial = Editorial.objects.get(date = yesterday_date)
if yesterday_editorial:
return render(request, 'editorial/index.html', {'editorials': editorials, 'yesterday_editorial': yesterday_editorial})
test_views.py
很好奇此测试不起作用，因为创建“社论”对象的测试有效。
对于此测试，我只是复制从test_models.py文件创建编辑对象的函数：
from django.test import TestCase
from django.test import TestCase
from editorial.models import Editorial
from editorial.views import *
from django.utils import timezone
from django.urls import reverse
# Create your tests here.
# views test
class EditorialTestViews(TestCase):
def create_editorial(self, title="only a test", body="yes, this is only a test"):
return Editorial.objects.create(title=title, body=body,
url="https://www.google.com", image = "https://img.elcomercio.pe/files/article_content_ec_fotos/uploads/2019/06/19/5d0ae893b3287.jpeg",
date=timezone.now())
def test_today_editorial_view(self):
e = self.create_editorial() #you've to have create todays editorial for the view to work
url = "http://127.0.0.1:8000/editorial-del-dia"
resp = self.client.get(url)
self.assertEqual(resp.status_code, 200)
错误消息：
$ coverage run manage.py test editorial/tests -v 2
Creating test database for alias 'default' ('file:memorydb_default?mode=memory&cache=shared')...
Operations to perform:
Synchronize unmigrated apps: coverage, messages, staticfiles
Apply all migrations: admin, auth, contenttypes, editorial, sessions
Synchronizing apps without migrations:
Creating tables...
Running deferred SQL...
Running migrations:
Applying contenttypes.0001_initial... OK
Applying auth.0001_initial... OK
Applying admin.0001_initial... OK
Applying admin.0002_logentry_remove_auto_add... OK
Applying admin.0003_logentry_add_action_flag_choices... OK
Applying contenttypes.0002_remove_content_type_name... OK
Applying auth.0002_alter_permission_name_max_length... OK
Applying auth.0003_alter_user_email_max_length... OK
Applying auth.0004_alter_user_username_opts... OK
Applying auth.0005_alter_user_last_login_null... OK
Applying auth.0006_require_contenttypes_0002... OK
Applying auth.0007_alter_validators_add_error_messages... OK
Applying auth.0008_alter_user_username_max_length... OK
Applying auth.0009_alter_user_last_name_max_length... OK
Applying auth.0010_alter_group_name_max_length... OK
Applying auth.0011_update_proxy_permissions... OK
Applying editorial.0001_initial... OK
Applying sessions.0001_initial... OK
System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
test_editorial_creation (editorial.tests.test_models.EditorialTestModels) ... ok
test_today_editorial_view (editorial.tests.test_views.EditorialTestViews) ... ERROR
======================================================================
ERROR: test_today_editorial_view (editorial.tests.test_views.EditorialTestViews)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "D:\web_proyects\el_comecio_app\editorial\views.py", line 25, in today_editorial
today_editorial = Editorial.objects.get(date = today_date)
File "d:\virtual_envs\el_comercio_app\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\manager.py", line 82, in manager_method
return getattr(self.get_queryset(), name)(*args, **kwargs)
File "d:\virtual_envs\el_comercio_app\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\query.py", line 408, in get
self.model._meta.object_name
editorial.models.Editorial.DoesNotExist: Editorial matching query does not exist.
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "D:\web_proyects\el_comecio_app\editorial\tests\test_views.py", line 22, in test_today_editorial_view
resp = self.client.get(url)
File "d:\virtual_envs\el_comercio_app\lib\site-packages\django\test\client.py", line 535, in get
response = super().get(path, data=data, secure=secure, **extra)
File "d:\virtual_envs\el_comercio_app\lib\site-packages\django\test\client.py", line 347, in get
**extra,
File "d:\virtual_envs\el_comercio_app\lib\site-packages\django\test\client.py", line 422, in generic
return self.request(**r)
File "d:\virtual_envs\el_comercio_app\lib\site-packages\django\test\client.py", line 503, in request
raise exc_value
File "d:\virtual_envs\el_comercio_app\lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\exception.py", line 34, in
inner
response = get_response(request)
File "d:\virtual_envs\el_comercio_app\lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\base.py", line 115, in _get_response
response = self.process_exception_by_middleware(e, request)
File "d:\virtual_envs\el_comercio_app\lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\base.py", line 113, in _get_response
response = wrapped_callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)
File "D:\web_proyects\el_comecio_app\editorial\views.py", line 29, in today_editorial
yesterday_editorial = Editorial.objects.get(date = yesterday_date)
File "d:\virtual_envs\el_comercio_app\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\manager.py", line 82, in manager_method
return getattr(self.get_queryset(), name)(*args, **kwargs)
File "d:\virtual_envs\el_comercio_app\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\query.py", line 408, in get
self.model._meta.object_name
editorial.models.Editorial.DoesNotExist: Editorial matching query does not exist.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 2 tests in 0.074s
FAILED (errors=1)
Destroying test database for alias 'default' ('file:memorydb_default?mode=memory&cache=shared')...
(el_comercio_app)
models.py
from django.db import models
# Create your models here.
class Editorial(models.Model):
title = models.CharField(max_length=100)
body = models.CharField(max_length=400)
url = models.CharField(max_length=600)
image = models.CharField(max_length=600)
date = models.DateField()
def __str__(self):
return f"Editorial con id: #{self.id}"
def __repr__(self):
return f"Editorial con id: #{self.id}"
我的应用程序的结构是：
editorial
|_managment
|_migrations
|_templates
|_tests
|___init__.py
|_test_models.py
|_test_views.py
|_admin.py
|_models.py
|_views.py
|_urls.py
el_comercio_app
static
staticfiles
manage.py
奖金：
我该怎么做才能不对测试的URL进行硬编码？
editorial / urls.py
from django.urls import path
from editorial import views
from django.contrib import admin
app_name = 'editorial'
urlpatterns = [
path('admin', admin.site.urls),
path("editorial-del-dia", views.today_editorial, name="today_editorial")
]
el_comercio_app / urls.py：
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, include
urlpatterns = [
path("", include("editorial.urls", namespace='editorial')),
]