测试pytest固定装置本身的正确方法是什么?请不要将其与在测试中使用夹具混淆。我只想自己测试灯具的正确性。
在测试中尝试调用并执行它们时,我将面临:
Fixture "app" called directly. Fixtures are not meant to be called directly
对此表示感谢。有关此主题的文档没有给我有意义的指导:https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/deprecations.html#calling-fixtures-directly
测试治具本身的动机就在于我,因为当我们的测试由于治具中的错误而失败时,这在我们的TAP文件中无法正确跟踪,这促使我独自测试治具。
答案 0 :(得分:2)
pytest
有一个pytester
插件,该插件是用于测试pytest
本身和插件的;它在不影响当前测试运行的隔离运行中执行测试。示例:
# conftest.py
import pytest
pytest_plugins = ['pytester']
@pytest.fixture
def spam(request):
yield request.param
夹具spam
有一个问题,它仅适用于参数化测试;一旦在非参数化测试中要求它,它将引发AttributeError
。这意味着我们无法通过这样的常规测试来对其进行测试:
def test_spam_no_params(spam):
# too late to verify anything - spam already raised in test setup!
# In fact, the body of this test won't be executed at all.
pass
相反,我们使用testdir
插件提供的pytester
夹具在隔离的测试运行中执行测试:
import pathlib
import pytest
# an example on how to load the code from the actual test suite
@pytest.fixture
def read_conftest(request):
return pathlib.Path(request.config.rootdir, 'conftest.py').read_text()
def test_spam_fixture(testdir, read_conftest):
# you can create a test suite by providing file contents in different ways, e.g.
testdir.makeconftest(read_conftest)
testdir.makepyfile(
"""
import pytest
@pytest.mark.parametrize('spam', ('eggs', 'bacon'), indirect=True)
def test_spam_parametrized(spam):
assert spam in ['eggs', 'bacon']
def test_spam_no_params(spam):
assert True
""")
result = testdir.runpytest()
# we should have two passed tests and one failed (unarametrized one)
result.assert_outcomes(passed=3, error=1)
# if we have to, we can analyze the output made by pytest
assert "AttributeError: 'SubRequest' object has no attribute 'param'" in ' '.join(result.outlines)
为测试加载测试代码的另一个方便方法是testdir.copy_example
方法。在pytest.ini
中设置根路径,例如:
[pytest]
pytester_example_dir = samples_for_fixture_tests
norecursedirs = samples_for_fixture_tests
现在使用以下内容创建文件samples_for_fixture_tests/test_spam_fixture/test_x.py
:
import pytest
@pytest.mark.parametrize('spam', ('eggs', 'bacon'), indirect=True)
def test_spam_parametrized(spam):
assert spam in ['eggs', 'bacon']
def test_spam_no_params(spam):
assert True
(与之前作为字符串传递给testdir.makepyfile
的代码相同)。上面的测试更改为:
def test_spam_fixture(testdir, read_conftest):
testdir.makeconftest(read_conftest)
# pytest will now copy everything from samples_for_fixture_tests/test_spam_fixture
testdir.copy_example()
testdir.runpytest().assert_outcomes(passed=3, error=1)
这样,您不必在测试中将Python代码维护为字符串,还可以通过使用pytester
运行现有的测试模块来重用它们。您还可以通过pytester_example_path
标记配置测试数据根:
@pytest.mark.pytester_example_path('fizz')
def test_fizz(testdir):
testdir.copy_example('buzz.txt')
将相对于项目根目录查找文件fizz/buzz.txt
。
有关更多示例,请务必查看pytest
文档中的Testing plugins部分;同样,您可能会发现问题my other answer的How can I test if a pytest fixture raises an exception?很有帮助,因为它包含了该主题的另一个有效示例。我还发现直接研究Testdir
code非常有帮助,因为遗憾的是pytest
并没有提供广泛的文档,但是代码几乎可以自我记录。