假设地,如果我正在创建一个点类,并且希望它根据参数推导类型,我希望它可以将点类提升为最高参数。例如:
template <class dtype>
class Point;
...
auto x = Point(1, 1.0); // Point<double> specialized
auto y = Point(1.0, 1); // Point<double> specialized
我不确定如何在构造函数中实现此目标。我已经能够从调用显式专用构造函数的函数中推断出类型,而不是从构造函数本身中推断出类型。
到目前为止,这是我的尝试:
#include <type_traits>
template <typename... Ts>
struct promoted_type_wrap;
template <typename T>
struct promoted_type_wrap<T> {
using type = T;
};
template <typename T, typename U, typename... Ts>
struct promoted_type_wrap<T, U, Ts...> {
using type = typename promoted_type_wrap<typename std::conditional<
(sizeof(U) <= sizeof(T)), T, U >::type, Ts... >::type;
};
template <typename... Ts>
using promoted_type = typename promoted_type_wrap<Ts...>::type;
template <typename T>
using same_type = typename promoted_type_wrap<T>::type;
template <class dtype>
class Point {
protected:
dtype x, y;
public:
constexpr Point(const dtype x, const same_type<dtype> y)
: x(x), y(y) {
}
};
template <class dtype, class etype>
constexpr auto make_Point(const dtype x, const etype y) {
return Point<promoted_type<dtype, etype>>(x, y);
}
void test() {
constexpr auto x = make_Point(1, 2.0); // Point<double> specialized
constexpr auto y = make_Point(1.0, 2); // Point<double> specialized
constexpr auto z = Point(1, 2.0); // Point<int> specialized
constexpr auto w = Point(1.0, 2); // Point<double> specialized
}
为什么Point(1, 2.0)
被专门化为Point<int>
是有道理的,因为第一个参数是int
,这会在构造函数中将第二个参数强制设为int
;但是,我不确定如何重新构造构造函数,使其表现得像伪构造函数工厂一样。
答案 0 :(得分:2)
但是,我不确定如何重新构造构造函数,使其表现得像伪构造函数工厂一样。
不是构造函数:您必须编写自定义推导指南。
以下内容
template <typename T1, typename T2>
Point(T1, T2) -> Point<promoted_type<T1, T2>>;
以下是完整的编译示例
#include <type_traits>
template <typename... Ts>
struct promoted_type_wrap;
template <typename T>
struct promoted_type_wrap<T>
{ using type = T; };
template <typename T, typename U, typename... Ts>
struct promoted_type_wrap<T, U, Ts...>
{ using type = typename promoted_type_wrap<std::conditional_t<
(sizeof(U) <= sizeof(T)), T, U >, Ts... >::type; };
template <typename... Ts>
using promoted_type = typename promoted_type_wrap<Ts...>::type;
template <typename dtype>
class Point
{
protected:
dtype x, y;
public:
template <typename T1, typename T2>
constexpr Point (T1 const & a, T2 const & b) : x(a), y(b)
{ }
};
template <typename T1, typename T2>
Point(T1, T2) -> Point<promoted_type<T1, T2>>;
int main ()
{
constexpr auto z = Point(1, 2.0); // now Point<double>
constexpr auto w = Point(1.0, 2); // again Point<double>
static_assert( std::is_same_v<decltype(z), Point<double> const> );
static_assert( std::is_same_v<decltype(w), Point<double> const> );
}
非主题:我认为不是像
那样根据类型的大小选择“升级类型”是一个好主意template <typename T, typename U, typename... Ts>
struct promoted_type_wrap<T, U, Ts...>
{ using type = typename promoted_type_wrap<std::conditional_t<
(sizeof(U) <= sizeof(T)), T, U >, Ts... >::type; };
即使忽略了其他问题,当您使用相同大小的不同类型时,所选类型也是第一个。
例如,在我的平台上,g ++和clang ++都具有sizeof(long) == sizeof(float)
,所以我们得到了
constexpr auto z = Point(1l, 2.0); // <-- deduced as Point<long>
constexpr auto w = Point(1.0, 2l); // <-- deduced as Point<double>
static_assert( std::is_same_v<decltype(z), Point<long> const> );
static_assert( std::is_same_v<decltype(w), Point<double> const> );
我建议使用某些东西来独立于类型的顺序选择“首选类型”。
在我看来,您应该按以下方式使用std::common_type
#include <type_traits>
template <typename dtype>
class Point
{
protected:
dtype x, y;
public:
template <typename T1, typename T2>
constexpr Point (T1 const & a, T2 const & b) : x(a), y(b)
{ }
};
template <typename T1, typename T2>
Point(T1, T2) -> Point<std::common_type_t<T1, T2>>;
int main ()
{
constexpr auto z = Point(1l, 2.0); // <-- deduced as Point<double>
constexpr auto w = Point(1.0, 2l); // <-- deduced as Point<double>
static_assert( std::is_same_v<decltype(z), Point<double> const> );
static_assert( std::is_same_v<decltype(w), Point<double> const> );
}