我想基于参考文件来验证日志文件，我使用过脚本，但是它并不美观，也不是最佳选择：
对于每一行，我要检查字段的值， -字段7等于1我必须检查第16列和第17列 -字段7等于2我必须检查第25列，第27列和第30列 -字段7等于3我必须检查第18列，第24列和第31列 等。
#!/bin/bash
LOG=SMS.log
awk -F\| ' {s=""}
$4!=0 {printf "API has wrong value"; s="; " }
$8=="" { printf "%sApplicationID is empty", s; s="; " }
$9=="" { printf "%shttp request method is empty", s; s="; " }
$7=="" { printf "%sOperationID is empty", s; s="; " }
$13 !~ /0|1|2/ {printf "%sresult(0,1,2) has a wrong value", s; s="; " }
# 1:create SMS
$7=="1" && $18=="" {printf "%sSender is missing", s; s="; " }
$7=="1" && $18 ~ /\/tel\:\+\*\*/ {printf "%sSender is cyphred !", s; s="; " }
$7=="1" && $20=="" {printf "%sAddress is missing", s; s="; " }
$7=="1" && $20 ~ /\/tel\:\+[0-9]/ {printf "%sAddress(es) is not cyphred", s; s="; " }
$7=="1" && $10 ~ /\/tel\:\+\*\*/ {printf "%sSender is cyphred on URI !", s; s="; " }
## 2:subscribe
$7=="2" && $25=="" {printf "%sdestination is missing", s; s="; " }
$7=="2" && $16=="201" && $27="" {printf "%sresourceId is missing", s; s="; "}
#3:unsubscribe
$7=="2" && $16=="201" && $25="" {printf "%sresource is missing", s; s="; "}
s { printf "\n"}
s
{printf "\n"}
' $LOG
是否可以将代码更新为更优化，更美观。 输出：
Application is empty; Operation is empty; Http request method is empty
83ac|EDR|V1|0|V1|2019-05-14|7||||2019-05-14T08:00:42.758Z|8|0|||||XXXXX|||||||||789|||||||||5945548f|||||
答案 0 :(得分：1)
我会这样：
awk -F'|' '
##### Error Detection
$4 != 0 { prtErr("ApiWrong") }
$8 == "" { prtErr("AppIdEmpty") }
$9 == "" { prtErr("HttpEmpty") }
$7 == "" { prtErr("OpIdEmpty") }
$13 !~ /[012]/ { prtErr("RsltBad") }
$7 == 1 { # 1:create SMS
if ( $18 == "" ) { prtErr("SndMiss") }
if ( $18 ~ /\/tel:\+\*\*/ ) { prtErr("SndCyph") }
if ( $20 == "" ) { prtErr("AddrMiss") }
if ( $20 ~ /\/tel:\+[0-9]/ ) { prtErr("AddrNotCyph") }
if ( $10 ~ /\/tel:\+\*\*/ ) { prtErr("SndCyphUri") }
}
$7 == 2 { # 2:subscribe
if ( $25 == "" ) { prtErr("DestMiss") }
if ( $16=="201" && $27=="" ) { prtErr("RsrcIdMiss") }
}
$7 == 3 { # 3:unsubscribe
if ( $16=="201" && $25=="" ) { prtErr("RsrcMiss") }
}
##### Error Reporting
function prtDbg(code,str) { if (doDebug) prtMsg("DEBUG",code,str) }
function prtTrc(code,str) { if (doTrace) prtMsg("TRACE",code,str) }
function prtWrn(code,str) { prtMsg("WARNING",code,str) }
function prtErr(code,str) { prtMsg("ERROR",code,str) }
function prtMsg(level, code, str, map, msg) {
map["ApiWrong"] = "API has wrong value"
map["AppIdEmpty"] = "ApplicationID is empty"
map["HttpEmpty"] = "http request method is empty"
map["OpIdEmpty"] = "OperationID is empty"
map["RsltBad"] = "result(0,1,2) has a wrong value"
map["SndMiss"] = "Sender is missing"
map["SndCyph"] = "Sender is cyphred !"
map["AddrMiss"] = "Address is missing"
map["AddrNotCyph" = "Address(es) is not cyphred"
map["SndCyphUri"] = "Sender is cyphred on URI !"
map["DestMiss"] = "destination is missing"
map["RsrcIdMiss"] = "resourceId is missing"
map["RsrcMiss"] = "resource is missing"
map["default"] = "Unknown error code"
msg = (code in map ? map[code] : map["default"])
printf "%s: %s[%d]: (%s) %s\n", level, FILENAME, FNR, code, msg | "cat>&2"
if ( str != "" ) {
printf "%s: %s[%d]:\t%s\n", $0 | "cat>&2"
}
}
' "$log"
这可以将要打印的文本与错误指示分离，并集中/显示所有错误消息，以实现共同的外观/感觉，并能够在必要时添加额外的信息并整理检测错误的代码。我还展示了如何将错误与警告等分开（您选择代码中的哪一个），并添加跟踪/调试功能，如果愿意，您可以在代码中遍历所有功能，直到您执行这些操作，它们才会起作用在命令行上设置相关的“ do ...”标志。
更新以仅生成您要求的（未经测试的）特定输出：
BEGIN { FS="|" }
##### General processing including error detection
$4 != 0 { logErr("ApiWrong") }
$8 == "" { logErr("AppIdEmpty") }
$9 == "" { logErr("HttpEmpty") }
$7 == "" { logErr("OpIdEmpty") }
$13 !~ /[012]/ { logErr("RsltBad") }
$7 == 1 { # 1:create SMS
if ( $18 == "" ) { logErr("SndMiss") }
if ( $18 ~ /\/tel:\+\*\*/ ) { logErr("SndCyph") }
if ( $20 == "" ) { logErr("AddrMiss") }
if ( $20 ~ /\/tel:\+[0-9]/ ) { logErr("AddrNotCyph") }
if ( $10 ~ /\/tel:\+\*\*/ ) { logErr("SndCyphUri") }
}
$7 == 2 { # 2:subscribe
if ( $25 == "" ) { logErr("DestMiss") }
if ( $16=="201" && $27=="" ) { logErr("RsrcIdMiss") }
}
$7 == 3 { # 3:unsubscribe
if ( $16=="201" && $25=="" ) { logErr("RsrcMiss") }
}
{ prtErrs() }
##### Error reporting primitives
function logErr(code) { _errs[code] }
function prtErrs( code, map, msg, gotErrs, sep) {
for (code in _errs) {
gotErrs = 1
break
}
if (gotErrs) {
map["ApiWrong"] = "API has wrong value"
map["AppIdEmpty"] = "ApplicationID is empty"
map["HttpEmpty"] = "http request method is empty"
map["OpIdEmpty"] = "OperationID is empty"
map["RsltBad"] = "result(0,1,2) has a wrong value"
map["SndMiss"] = "Sender is missing"
map["SndCyph"] = "Sender is cyphred !"
map["AddrMiss"] = "Address is missing"
map["AddrNotCyph"] = "Address(es) is not cyphred"
map["SndCyphUri"] = "Sender is cyphred on URI !"
map["DestMiss"] = "destination is missing"
map["RsrcIdMiss"] = "resourceId is missing"
map["RsrcMiss"] = "resource is missing"
printf "%s: %s[%d]: ", "ERROR", FILENAME, FNR | "cat>&2"
for (code in _errs) {
msg = (code in map ? map[code] : "Unknown error code (" code ")")
printf "%s%s", sep, msg | "cat>&2"
sep = "; "
}
printf "\n%s\n", $0 | "cat>&2"
delete _errs
}
}
如果您有用于数组和length（array）的GNU awk，那么我可以这样做：
BEGIN { FS="|" }
##### General processing including error detection
$4 != 0 { logErr("Wrong","API") }
$8 == "" { logErr("Empty","AppId") }
$9 == "" { logErr("Empty","Http request method") }
$7 == "" { logErr("Empty","OperationID") }
$13 !~ /[012]/ { logErr("Wrong","Result(0,1,2)") }
$7 == 1 { # 1:create SMS
if ( $18 == "" ) { logErr("Miss","Sender") }
if ( $18 ~ /\/tel:\+\*\*/ ) { logErr("Cyph","Sender") }
if ( $20 == "" ) { logErr("Miss","Address") }
if ( $20 ~ /\/tel:\+[0-9]/ ) { logErr("NotCyph","Address(es)") }
if ( $10 ~ /\/tel:\+\*\*/ ) { logErr("UriCyph","Sender") }
}
$7 == 2 { # 2:subscribe
if ( $25 == "" ) { logErr("Miss","Destination") }
if ( $16=="201" && $27=="" ) { logErr("Miss","ResourceId") }
}
$7 == 3 { # 3:unsubscribe
if ( $16=="201" && $25=="" ) { logErr("Miss","Resource") }
}
{ prtErrs() }
##### Error reporting primitives
function logErr(type,item) { _errs[type][item] }
function prtErrs( map, type, msg, item, sep) {
if ( length(_errs) ) {
map["Wrong"] = "has wrong value"
map["Empty"] = "is empty"
map["Miss"] = "is missing"
map["Cyph"] = "is cyphred !"
map["NotCyph"] = "is not cyphred"
map["UriCyph"] = "is cyphred on URI !"
printf "%s: %s[%d]: ", "ERROR", FILENAME, FNR | "cat>&2"
for (type in _errs) {
msg = (type in map ? map[type] : "Unknown error type (" type ")")
for (item in _errs[type]) {
printf "%s%s %s", sep, item, msg | "cat>&2"
sep = "; "
}
}
printf "\n%s\n", $0 | "cat>&2"
delete _errs
}
}
答案 1 :(得分：0)
您可以做的第一件事就是摆脱s变量。
#!/bin/bash
LOG=SMS.log
awk -F\| '
function add_error(message){
error = error OFS message
}
$4!=0 {add_error("API has wrong value")}
$8=="" {add_error("ApplicationID is empty")}
$9=="" {add_error("http request method is empty")}
$7=="" {add_error("OperationID is empty")}
$13 !~ /0|1|2/ {add_error("result(0,1,2) has a wrong value")}
# 1:create SMS
$7=="1" && $18=="" {add_error("Sender is missing")}
$7=="1" && $18 ~ /\/tel\:\+\*\*/ {add_error("Sender is cyphred !")}
$7=="1" && $20=="" {add_error("Address is missing")}
$7=="1" && $20 ~ /\/tel\:\+[0-9]/ {add_error("Address(es) is not cyphred")}
$7=="1" && $10 ~ /\/tel\:\+\*\*/ {add_error("Sender is cyphred on URI !")}
## 2:subscribe
$7=="2" && $25=="" {add_error("destination is missing")}
$7=="2" && $16=="201" && $27="" {add_error("resourceId is missing")}
#3:unsubscribe
$7=="2" && $16=="201" && $25="" {add_error("resource is missing")}
{
print substr(error, length(OFS)+1); #Works even if error is empty
error = "";
}
' OFS="; " $LOG
我认为分析您的日志文件并创建一个新的日志文件有点奇怪。为什么不创建每个错误1列，每行/错误1/0值的csv？您的结果将更容易分析，并且包含您需要的所有信息。