Question

我有这样的文件夹结构

root/        
    A0/
        A1/
    B0/
        B1/

可以说我有一个名为test.py的文件。在其中，我像这样导入numpy

import numpy as np

这就是文件中包含的所有内容。当它位于子文件夹A0，A1，B0的根目录中时，它可以正常工作，但会在子文件夹B1中引发错误。是否引发错误如下：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "pose/utils/test.py", line 1, in <module>
    import numpy as np
  File "/home/adrian/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/numpy/__init__.py", line 187, in <module>
    from .testing import Tester
  File "/home/adrian/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/numpy/testing/__init__.py", line 10, in <module>
    from unittest import TestCase
  File "/usr/lib/python3.6/unittest/__init__.py", line 59, in <module>
    from .case import (TestCase, FunctionTestCase, SkipTest, skip, skipIf,
  File "/usr/lib/python3.6/unittest/case.py", line 6, in <module>
    import logging
  File "/home/adrian/Projects/lpr-pose-estimation/pose/utils/logging.py", line 3, in <module>
    from pose.utils.utils import mkdir_if_missing
  File "/home/adrian/Projects/lpr-pose-estimation/pose/utils/utils.py", line 4, in <module>
    from scipy.misc import imresize
  File "/home/adrian/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/scipy/misc/__init__.py", line 68, in <module>
    from scipy.interpolate._pade import pade as _pade
  File "/home/adrian/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/__init__.py", line 175, in <module>
    from .interpolate import *
  File "/home/adrian/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/interpolate.py", line 32, in <module>
    from .interpnd import _ndim_coords_from_arrays
  File "interpnd.pyx", line 1, in init scipy.interpolate.interpnd
  File "/home/adrian/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/scipy/spatial/__init__.py", line 98, in <module>
    from .kdtree import *
  File "/home/adrian/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/scipy/spatial/kdtree.py", line 8, in <module>
    import scipy.sparse
  File "/home/adrian/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/scipy/sparse/__init__.py", line 230, in <module>
    from .base import *
  File "/home/adrian/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/scipy/sparse/base.py", line 9, in <module>
    from scipy._lib._numpy_compat import broadcast_to
  File "/home/adrian/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/scipy/_lib/_numpy_compat.py", line 16, in <module>
    _assert_warns = np.testing.assert_warns
AttributeError: module 'numpy' has no attribute 'testing'

导入为模块（例如cv2）也会导致错误，但只能将其导入numpy：

ImportError: numpy.core.multiarray failed to import
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "pose/utils/test.py", line 1, in <module>
    import cv2 as cv
  File "/home/adrian/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/cv2/__init__.py", line 3, in <module>
    from .cv2 import *
ImportError: numpy.core.multiarray failed to import

这种错误可能是什么原因？

Answer 1

如果您的启动脚本位于.../pose/utils中，则每个绝对导入都将在其中查找模块。该目录包含一个名为logging的模块（类似于标准库中的模块）。

在numpy程序包初始化期间（执行其__init__.py），并且在numpy.testing可用之前，通常会发生导入链（如回溯所示），这导致错误的logging模块会导致导入_numpy_compat，而该模块试图过早访问numpy.testing。

为避免此循环导入问题，您可以重命名logging模块或将启动脚本移动到另一个目录。

当脚本位于子目录中时，无法导入numpy

1 个答案: