不了解JavaScript中“ n”的使用

时间:2019-05-12 16:44:28

标签: javascript iterator slider

我正在尝试制作幻灯片/轮播,并且在“ https://www.w3schools.com”上找到了一些参考。 代码非常简单明了,但我不理解JavaScript中的逻辑,周长“ n”让我发疯。 有人可以向我解释“ n”在做什么以及其用途吗?

(我无法发布问题,我需要更多的单词)Lorem ipsum dolor坐在,谦虚地奉献了精英。 Sint Nihil est假定您对Namlor的看法不正确,请务必在错误之前将Dolorem转让给Deserunt quisquam quis porro labouriosam eaque perferendis nulla,dictamagno magni。埃塞俄比亚的福吉特·尼尔·希尔斯(Pugit nihil)造成的后果是什么?

var slideIndex = 1;
showSlides(slideIndex);

function plusSlides(n) {
  showSlides(slideIndex += n);
}

function currentSlide(n) {
  showSlides(slideIndex = n);
}

function showSlides(n) {
  var i;
  var slides = document.getElementsByClassName("mySlides");
  var dots = document.getElementsByClassName("dot");
  if (n > slides.length) {slideIndex = 1}    
  if (n < 1) {slideIndex = slides.length}
  for (i = 0; i < slides.length; i++) {
      slides[i].style.display = "none";  
  }
  for (i = 0; i < dots.length; i++) {
      dots[i].className = dots[i].className.replace(" active", "");
  }
  slides[slideIndex-1].style.display = "block";  
  dots[slideIndex-1].className += " active";
}
* {box-sizing: border-box}
body {font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; margin:0}
.mySlides {display: none}
img {vertical-align: middle;}

/* Slideshow container */
.slideshow-container {
  max-width: 1000px;
  position: relative;
  margin: auto;
}

/* Next & previous buttons */
.prev, .next {
  cursor: pointer;
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  width: auto;
  padding: 16px;
  margin-top: -22px;
  color: white;
  font-weight: bold;
  font-size: 18px;
  transition: 0.6s ease;
  border-radius: 0 3px 3px 0;
  user-select: none;
}

/* Position the "next button" to the right */
.next {
  right: 0;
  border-radius: 3px 0 0 3px;
}

/* On hover, add a black background color with a little bit see-through */
.prev:hover, .next:hover {
  background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.8);
}

/* Caption text */
.text {
  color: #f2f2f2;
  font-size: 15px;
  padding: 8px 12px;
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 8px;
  width: 100%;
  text-align: center;
}

/* Number text (1/3 etc) */
.numbertext {
  color: #f2f2f2;
  font-size: 12px;
  padding: 8px 12px;
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
}

/* The dots/bullets/indicators */
.dot {
  cursor: pointer;
  height: 15px;
  width: 15px;
  margin: 0 2px;
  background-color: #bbb;
  border-radius: 50%;
  display: inline-block;
  transition: background-color 0.6s ease;
}

.active, .dot:hover {
  background-color: #717171;
}

/* Fading animation */
.fade {
  -webkit-animation-name: fade;
  -webkit-animation-duration: 1.5s;
  animation-name: fade;
  animation-duration: 1.5s;
}

@-webkit-keyframes fade {
  from {opacity: .4} 
  to {opacity: 1}
}

@keyframes fade {
  from {opacity: .4} 
  to {opacity: 1}
}

/* On smaller screens, decrease text size */
@media only screen and (max-width: 300px) {
  .prev, .next,.text {font-size: 11px}
}
<html>
<head>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
</head>
<body>

<div class="slideshow-container">

<div class="mySlides fade">
  <div class="numbertext">1 / 3</div>
  <img src="https://www.w3schools.com/w3css/img_lights.jpg" style="width:100%">
  <div class="text">Caption Text</div>
</div>

<div class="mySlides fade">
  <div class="numbertext">2 / 3</div>
  <img src="https://images.pexels.com/photos/414612/pexels-photo-414612.jpeg?auto=compress&cs=tinysrgb&dpr=1&w=500" style="width:100%">
  <div class="text">Caption Two</div>
</div>

<div class="mySlides fade">
  <div class="numbertext">3 / 3</div>
  <img src="https://helpx.adobe.com/in/stock/how-to/visual-reverse-image-search/_jcr_content/main-pars/image.img.jpg/visual-reverse-image-search-v2_1000x560.jpg" style="width:100%">
  <div class="text">Caption Three</div>
</div>

<a class="prev" onclick="plusSlides(-1)">&#10094;</a>
<a class="next" onclick="plusSlides(1)">&#10095;</a>

</div>
<br>

<div style="text-align:center">
  <span class="dot" onclick="currentSlide(1)"></span> 
  <span class="dot" onclick="currentSlide(2)"></span> 
  <span class="dot" onclick="currentSlide(3)"></span> 
</div>
</body>
</html> 

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

传递给每个函数的

n只是传递给相应函数的参数

function plusSlides(n) {
  showSlides(slideIndex += n);
}

function currentSlide(n) {
  showSlides(slideIndex = n);
}

在以上两个函数中,n是传递给它的参数。

<div style="text-align:center">
  <span class="dot" onclick="currentSlide(1)"></span> 
  <span class="dot" onclick="currentSlide(2)"></span> 
  <span class="dot" onclick="currentSlide(3)"></span> 
</div>

在这里您可以看到您正在将1、2、3个值传递给currentSlide()函数。 n将保存您传递给函数的值。在这里是1或2或3。

答案 1 :(得分:1)

相关代码为:

var slideIndex = 1;
showSlides(slideIndex);

function plusSlides(n) {
  showSlides(slideIndex += n);
}

function currentSlide(n) {
  showSlides(slideIndex = n);
}

plusSlides

以下是一个更清晰的plusSlides版本:

function plusSlides(n) {
  slideIndex = slideIndex + n;
  showSlides(slideIndex);
}

如果您调用它并传递一个数字,则该函数会将该数字作为参数n接收,它是:

  1. 将该数字(n添加到slideIndex(这是函数关闭的变量),并将结果保存在slideIndex中;和
  2. 使用结果调用showSlides(该值刚刚存储在slideIndex

例如,如果slideIndex为2,并且您将1传递给plusSlides,它将slideIndex设置为3(其旧值2加1),并在索引3。

currentSlide

currentSlide可能更清晰的版本是:

function currentSlide(n) {
  slideIndex = n;
  showSlides(slideIndex);
}

如果您用数字呼叫currentSlide,则它将以n的形式接收该数字,并且

  1. 设置 slideIndex到该数字;和
  2. 以结果呼叫showSlides

例如,如果slideIndex为2,并且您将1传递给currentSlide,它将slideIndex设置为1(替换其旧值)并显示幻灯片在索引1处。