我在pytest-mock和模拟打开方面遇到麻烦。
我要测试的代码如下:
import re
import os
def get_uid():
regex = re.compile('Serial\s+:\s*(\w+)')
uid = "NOT_DEFINED"
exists = os.path.isfile('/proc/cpuinfo')
if exists:
with open('/proc/cpuinfo', 'r') as file:
cpu_details = file.read()
uid = regex.search(cpu_details).group(1)
return uid
所以测试文件是:
import os
import pytest
from cpu_info import uid
@pytest.mark.usefixtures("mocker")
class TestCPUInfo(object):
def test_no_proc_cpuinfo_file(self):
mocker.patch(os.path.isfile).return_value(False)
result = uid.get_uid()
assert result == "NOT_FOUND"
def test_no_cpu_info_in_file(self):
file_data = """
Hardware : BCM2835
Revision : a020d3
"""
mocker.patch('__builtin__.open', mock_open(read_data=file_data))
result = uid.get_uid()
assert result == "NOT_DEFINED"
def test_cpu_info(self):
file_data = """
Hardware : BCM2835
Revision : a020d3
Serial : 00000000e54cf3fa
"""
mocker.patch('__builtin__.open', mock_open(read_data=file_data))
result = uid.get_uid()
assert result == "00000000e54cf3fa"
测试运行显示:
pytest
======================================= test session starts ========================================
platform linux -- Python 3.5.3, pytest-4.4.1, py-1.8.0, pluggy-0.9.0
rootdir: /home/robertpostill/software/gateway
plugins: mock-1.10.4
collected 3 items
cpu_info/test_cpu_info.py FFF [100%]
============================================= FAILURES =============================================
______________________________ TestCPUInfo.test_no_proc_cpuingo_file _______________________________
self = <test_cpu_info.TestCPUInfo object at 0x75e6eaf0>
def test_no_proc_cpuingo_file(self):
> mocker.patch(os.path.isfile).return_value(False)
E NameError: name 'mocker' is not defined
cpu_info/test_cpu_info.py:9: NameError
___________________________________ TestCPUInfo.test_no_cpu_info ___________________________________
self = <test_cpu_info.TestCPUInfo object at 0x75e69d70>
def test_no_cpu_info(self):
file_data = """
Hardware : BCM2835
Revision : a020d3
"""
> mocker.patch('__builtin__.open', mock_open(read_data=file_data))
E NameError: name 'mocker' is not defined
cpu_info/test_cpu_info.py:18: NameError
____________________________________ TestCPUInfo.test_cpu_info _____________________________________
self = <test_cpu_info.TestCPUInfo object at 0x75e694f0>
def test_cpu_info(self):
file_data = """
Hardware : BCM2835
Revision : a020d3
Serial : 00000000e54cf3fa
"""
> mocker.patch('__builtin__.open', mock_open(read_data=file_data))
E NameError: name 'mocker' is not defined
cpu_info/test_cpu_info.py:28: NameError
===================================== 3 failed in 0.36 seconds =====================================
我认为我已经正确地声明了嘲笑者的固定装置,但是似乎没有...我在做什么错?
答案 0 :(得分:0)
在您的测试中,模拟用法的问题并不多。实际上,只有两个:
mocker
固定装置如果需要访问灯具的返回值,请在测试函数参数中包含其名称,例如:
class TestCPUInfo:
def test_no_proc_cpuinfo_file(self, mocker):
mocker.patch(...)
pytest
将在运行测试时自动将测试参数值映射到夹具值。
mocker.patch
mocker.patch
只是unittest.mock.patch
的填充物,仅此而已;它只是为了方便起见,因此您不必在任何地方导入unittest.mock.patch
。这意味着mocker.patch
与unittest.mock.patch
具有相同的签名,并且在怀疑正确使用stdlib的文档时始终可以查阅。
在这种情况下,mocker.patch(os.path.isfile).return_value(False)
不是patch
方法的正确用法。来自docs:
target 应该是
'package.module.ClassName'
形式的字符串。...
patch()
采用任意关键字参数。这些将在构造时传递给Mock
(或new_callable
)。
这意味着该行
mocker.patch(os.path.isfile).return_value(False)
应该是
mocker.patch('os.path.isfile', return_value=False)
现在剩下的就是与实现有关的错误;您必须调整测试以测试正确的行为或解决实施错误。
示例:
assert result == "NOT_FOUND"
总是会出现,因为代码中甚至没有"NOT_FOUND"
。
assert result == "NOT_DEFINED"
总是会上升,因为uid = "NOT_DEFINED"
总是会被正则表达式搜索结果覆盖,因此永远不会返回。
假设您的测试是事实的唯一来源,我使用上述模拟用法修复了两个错误,并修改了get_uid()
的实现以使测试通过:
import os
import re
def get_uid():
regex = re.compile(r'Serial\s+:\s*(\w+)')
exists = os.path.isfile('/proc/cpuinfo')
if not exists:
return 'NOT_FOUND'
with open('/proc/cpuinfo', 'r') as file:
cpu_details = file.read()
match = regex.search(cpu_details)
if match is None:
return 'NOT_DEFINED'
return match.group(1)
测试:
import pytest
import uid
class TestCPUInfo:
def test_no_proc_cpuinfo_file(self, mocker):
mocker.patch('os.path.isfile', return_value=False)
result = uid.get_uid()
assert result == "NOT_FOUND"
def test_no_cpu_info_in_file(self, mocker):
file_data = """
Hardware : BCM2835
Revision : a020d3
"""
mocker.patch('builtins.open', mocker.mock_open(read_data=file_data))
result = uid.get_uid()
assert result == "NOT_DEFINED"
def test_cpu_info(self, mocker):
file_data = """
Hardware : BCM2835
Revision : a020d3
Serial : 00000000e54cf3fa
"""
mocker.patch('builtins.open', mocker.mock_open(read_data=file_data))
result = uid.get_uid()
assert result == "00000000e54cf3fa"
请注意,我使用的是Python 3,因此无法修补__builtin__
,而不能修补builtins
;除此之外,代码应与Python 2变体相同。另外,由于无论如何都使用mocker
,所以我使用了mocker.mock_open
,从而节省了unittest.mock.mock_open
的其他导入。