Question

在make version 4.2 {2016}上添加了变量.SHELLSTATUS。但是我大多数的Linux使用的是make版本4.1。我如何获得较早的make版本的make $（shell ...）命令的退出状态和输出结果？

使用make 4.2，我可以这样做：

newmake:
    printf '%s\n' "$(shell command && \
        ( printf 'Successfully created the zip file!\n'; exit 0 ) || \
        ( printf 'Error: Could not create the zip file!\n'; exit 1 ) )"
    printf 'Exit status: '%s'\n' "${.SHELLSTATUS}"

可以正确运行：

printf '%s\n' "Successfully created the zip file!"
Successfully created the zip file!
printf 'Exit status: '%s'\n' "0"
Exit status: 0

但是，如果我使用的是make 4.1或更早的版本，则没有.SHELLSTATUS变量。然后，我试图像这样定义自己的.SHELLSTATUS变量：

oldmake:
    printf '%s\n' "$(shell command && \
        ( printf 'Successfully created the zip file!\n'; $(eval exit_status := 0) echo ${exit_status} > /dev/null ) || \
        ( printf 'Error: Could not create the zip file!\n'; $(eval exit_status := 1) echo ${exit_status} > /dev/null ) )"
    printf 'Exit status: '%s'\n' "${exit_status}"

但是，它无法正常运行：

printf '%s\n' "Successfully created the zip file!"
Successfully created the zip file!
printf 'Exit status: '%s'\n' "1"
Exit status: 1

如您所见，正确的消息已打印，但退出状态应为0，而不是1。

通知

消息Successfully created the zip file!和Error: Could not create the zip file!纯粹是说明性的，不能在$(shell ...)之外使用。我在外壳程序中拥有的是功能全面的Python脚本，该脚本将其结果输出到屏幕上：

define NEWLINE


endef

define RELEASE_CODE
from __future__ import print_function
import os
import zipfile

version = "${version}"
if not version:
    print( "Error: You need pass the release version. For example: make release version=1.1", end="@NEWNEWLINE@" )
    exit(1)

CURRENT_DIRECTORY = os.path.dirname( os.path.realpath( __file__ ) )
print( "Packing files on %s" % CURRENT_DIRECTORY, end="@NEWNEWLINE@" )

file_names = []
initial_file_names = [
    "Makefile",
    "build.bat",
    "fc-portuges.def",
    os.path.join("setup", "makefile.mk"),
    os.path.join("setup", "scripts", "timer_calculator.sh"),
]

for direcory_name, dirs, files in os.walk(CURRENT_DIRECTORY):

    if ".git" in direcory_name:
        continue

    for filename in files:
        filepath = os.path.join( direcory_name, filename )

        if ".git" in filepath or not ( filepath.endswith( ".tex" )
                or filepath.endswith( ".bib" )
                or filepath.endswith( ".pdf" ) ):
            continue

        file_names.append( filepath )

for filename in initial_file_names:
    filepath = os.path.join( CURRENT_DIRECTORY, filename )
    file_names.append( filepath )

zipfilepath = os.path.join( CURRENT_DIRECTORY, version + ".zip" )
zipfileobject = zipfile.ZipFile(zipfilepath, mode="w")
zipfilepathreduced = os.path.dirname( os.path.dirname( zipfilepath ) )

try:
    for filename in file_names:
        relative_filename = filename.replace( zipfilepathreduced, "" )
        print( relative_filename, end="@NEWNEWLINE@" )
        zipfileobject.write( filename, relative_filename, compress_type=zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED )

except Exception as error:
    print( "", end="@NEWNEWLINE@" )
    print( "An error occurred: %s" % error, end="@NEWNEWLINE@" )
    exit(1)

finally:
    zipfileobject.close()

print( "", end="@NEWNEWLINE@" )
print( "Successfully created the release version on:@NEWNEWLINE@  %s!" % zipfilepath , end="" )
endef

all:
    printf '%s\n' "$(shell echo \
        '$(subst ${NEWLINE},@NEWLINE@,${RELEASE_CODE})' | \
        sed 's/@NEWLINE@/\n/g' | python - && \
        printf 'Successfully created the zip file!\n' || \
        printf 'Error: Could not create the zip file!\n' )" | sed 's/@NEWNEWLINE@/\n/g'

现在它可以正常运行，但是我缺少python退出代码，可以使用此.SHELLSTATUS进行修复：

all:
    printf '%s\n' "$(shell echo \
        '$(subst ${NEWLINE},@NEWLINE@,${RELEASE_CODE})' | \
        sed 's/@NEWLINE@/\n/g' | python - && \
        ( printf 'Successfully created the zip file!\n'; exit 0 ) || \
        ( printf 'Error: Could not create the zip file!\n'; exit 1 ) )" | sed 's/@NEWNEWLINE@/\n/g'
    exit "${.SHELLSTATUS}"

但是，它仅适用于品牌4.2或更高版本。

相关：

Answer 1

我完全不明白为什么您要尝试使用$(shell ...)。这太过复杂了，因此毫无意义。 $(shell ...)的唯一作用是它会在运行任何配方之前扩展。但是您永远不要尝试利用它。相反，将脚本直接移到配方内部看起来很自然。

例如，考虑一下：

unused = """
ifeq (true,false)
"""

# some python stuff
print("Hello world")
exit(1)

unused = """
endif

# here comes make stuff
.ONESHELL:
.PHONY: all
all:
    @/usr/bin/python $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST))
    ec=$$?
    echo "script exitcode is $$ec"
    exit $$ec

#"""

也许更好的解决方案是简单地将python设为单个规则的自定义SHELL。虽然，在这种情况下，将python和shell脚本按相同的规则混合可能很棘手（但我认为这不是很重要）。

Answer 2

我设法通过创建文件来做到这一点：

fixedmake:
    printf '%s\n' "$(shell command && \
        printf 'Successfully created the zip file!\n' || \
        ( printf 'Error: Could not create the zip file!\n'; \
            printf 'error\n' > /tmp/has_errors ) )"

    if [ -e /tmp/has_errors ]; \
        then printf 'Exit with errror\n'; \
        rm /tmp/has_errors; \
    else \
        printf 'Exit with success\n'; \
    fi;

->

printf '%s\n' "Successfully created the zip file!"
Successfully created the zip file!
if [ -e /tmp/has_errors ]; \
        then printf 'Exit with errror\n'; \
        rm /tmp/has_errors; \
else \
        printf 'Exit with success\n'; \
fi;
Exit with success

还有更好的选择吗？

如何在make 4.2之前获取退出状态和$（shell命令）的输出？

通知

2 个答案: