Question

我正在尝试使用c中的struct学习新的算法，然后尝试进行一些测试。但是代码太长了，我想使其更简单。

struct employee{
  char ID[6];
  char name[20];
  char address[50];
  long salary;
  long T;
}casher1,casher2;

int main(int argc, char const *argv[]) {
  int ch;
  printf("Choose : ");
  scanf("%d",&ch );
  if (ch == 1) {
    printf("Input Name : " );
    scanf("%s",casher1.name );
    printf("Input ID : " );
    scanf("%s",casher1.ID );
    printf("Input Salary : " );
    scanf("%d",&casher1.salary);
    printf("Input T : " );
    scanf("%d",&casher1.T );
    printf("\n");
    casher1.salary = casher1.salary + casher1.T;

    printf("ID : %s\n",casher1.ID );
    printf("Name : %s\n",casher1.name );
    printf("Salary : %d\n",casher1.salary );
  }
  else if(ch == 2) {
    printf("Input Name : " );
    scanf("%s",casher2.name );
    printf("Input ID : " );
    scanf("%s",casher2.ID );
    printf("Input Salary : " );
    scanf("%d",&casher2.salary);
    printf("Input T : " );
    scanf("%d",&casher2.T );
    printf("\n");
    casher2.salary = casher2.salary + casher2.T;

    printf("ID : %s\n",casher2.ID );
    printf("Name : %s\n",casher2.name );
    printf("Salary : %d\n",casher2.salary );
  }

  return 0;
}

我希望每个收银员都能得到这样的输出编号：12345 名称：测试薪酬：$ 2000

Answer 1

如果您还没有学习功能，则应该阅读一些有关它们的内容。我不知道您到底想做什么，因为您不再使用chasher的代码，所以现在的代码不知道您是否需要存储它们（但是我假设您确实要存储）他们）。

在这种情况下，无需将收银机放入数组中，就可以创建一个将收银机作为参数的函数，

#include <stdio.h>

struct employee{
  char ID[6];
  char name[20];
  char address[50];
  long salary;
  long T;
}casher1,casher2;

int casherFunction(struct employee *casher);

int main(int argc, char const *argv[]) {
  int ch;
  printf("Choose : ");
  scanf("%d",&ch );
  if( 1 == ch ){
    casherFunction(&casher1);
  }else if( 2 == ch ){
    casherFunction(&casher2);
  }
  return 0;
}

int casherFunction(struct employee *casher){
   printf("Input Name : " );
    scanf("%s",casher->name );
    printf("Input ID : " );
    scanf("%s",casher->ID );
    printf("Input Salary : " );
    scanf("%ld",&casher->salary);
    printf("Input T : " );
    scanf("%ld",&casher->T );
    printf("\n");
    casher->salary = casher->salary + casher->T;

    printf("ID : %s\n",casher->ID );
    printf("Name : %s\n",casher->name );
    printf("Salary : %ld\n",casher->salary );
    return 0;
}

所以在这里您首先声明该函数：

int casherFunction(struct employee *casher);

，然后在main之后定义它：

int casherFunction(struct employee *casher){
       printf("Input Name : " );
        scanf("%s",casher->name );
        printf("Input ID : " );
        scanf("%s",casher->ID );
        printf("Input Salary : " );
        scanf("%ld",&casher->salary);
        printf("Input T : " );
        scanf("%ld",&casher->T );
        printf("\n");
        casher->salary = casher->salary + casher->T;

        printf("ID : %s\n",casher->ID );
        printf("Name : %s\n",casher->name );
        printf("Salary : %ld\n",casher->salary );
        return 0;
    }

没有错误时，返回值0是标准返回值。

还请注意，该函数需要一个指针casherFunction(struct employee *casher)，这就是为什么在调用该函数时我们将写成casherFunction(&casher1)和&的原因。

此外，结构指针中的元素位于casher->ID下，而不是casher.ID下。

同样，如果您希望将更改记录在收银机中，这将很有用。然后，例如，您可以创建一个查看收银员的函数（在这种情况下，您无需传递指针，只需复制该结构即可）。

代码将是：

#include <stdio.h>

struct employee{
  char ID[6];
  char name[20];
  char address[50];
  long salary;
  long T;
}casher1,casher2;

int casherFunction(struct employee *casher);
int casherShow(struct employee casher);

int main(int argc, char const *argv[]) {
  int ch;
  printf("Choose : ");
  scanf("%d",&ch );
  if( 1 == ch ){
    casherFunction(&casher1);
  }else if( 2 == ch ){
    casherFunction(&casher2);
  }
    printf("%ld\n\n",casher1.salary);
    casherShow(casher1);

  return 0;
}

int casherFunction(struct employee *casher){
   printf("Input Name : " );
    scanf("%s",casher->name );
    printf("Input ID : " );
    scanf("%s",casher->ID );
    printf("Input Salary : " );
    scanf("%ld",&casher->salary);
    printf("Input T : " );
    scanf("%ld",&casher->T );
    printf("\n");
    casher->salary = casher->salary + casher->T;

    printf("ID : %s\n",casher->ID );
    printf("Name : %s\n",casher->name );
    printf("Salary : %ld\n",casher->salary );
    return 0;
}

int casherShow(struct employee casher){
    printf("Name: ");
    printf("%s\n",casher.name );
    printf("Input ID : " );
    printf("%s\n",casher.ID );
    printf("Salary : " );
    printf("%ld\n",casher.salary);
    return 0;   
}

如何使用循环或数组使代码更简单？

1 个答案: