我需要对变量类型在编译时是否可以容纳类型进行类型检查。
我正在将枚举和字符串转换为变量,但是我希望库与用户提供的变量兼容(针对它们支持的类型)。因此,我有一个模板参数CustomVariant
代表受支持类型的子集AlphaBeta
,Gamma
,Delta
和Epsilon
的变体。如果我无法创建有效的变体,我想返回std::nullopt
。
template <typename CustomVariant>
std::optional<CustomVariant> AsCustomVariant(LargeEnum type, const std::string& name) {
case LargeEnum::ALPHA:
case LargeEnum::BETA:
return ConvertAlphaBeta(name);
case LargeEnum::GAMMA:
return ConvertGamma(name);
case LargeEnum::DELTA:
return ConvertDelta(name);
case LargeEnum::EPSILON:
return ConvertEpsilon(name);
default:
return std::nullopt;
}
想法是使用某种模板魔术可以完成以下操作:
if (std::type_can_convert<CustomVariant, Gamma>) {
return ConvertGamma(name);
} else {
return std::nullopt;
}
答案 0 :(得分:2)
使用c ++ 17(我知道它带有c ++ 11标记),这非常容易-您甚至不必真正做任何事情:
#include <variant>
#include <type_traits>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
int main() {
// this works, as expected
if constexpr(is_constructible_v<variant<int>, double>) {
// this will run
}
// this is fine - it just won't happen,
if constexpr(is_constructible_v<variant<int>, string>) {
// this won't run
} else {
// this will run
}
// but obviously the assignment of a string into that variant doesn't work...
variant<int> vi="asdf"s;
}
答案 1 :(得分:1)
首先我要这样做:
template<class T>struct tag_t{using type=T;};
template<class T>constexpr tag_t<T> tag{};
template<class...Ts>using one_tag_of=std::variant<tag_t<Ts>...>;
using which_type=one_tag_of<AlphaBeta, Gamma, Delta /* etc */>;
which_type GetType(LargeEnum e){
switch (e){
case LargeEnum::Alpha:
case LargeEnum::Beta: return tag<AlphaBeta>;
// etc
}
}
现在我们这样做:
template <typename CustomVariant>
std::optional<CustomVariant> AsCustomVariant(LargeEnum type, const std::string& name) {
auto which = GetType(type);
return std::visit( [&name](auto tag)->std::optional<CustomVariant>{
using type=typename decltype(tag)::type;
if constexpr (std::is_convertible<CustomVariant, type>{})
return MakeFromString( tag, name );
return std::nullopt;
}, which );
}
这留下了MakeFromString
。
这样写重载:
inline Delta MakeFromString(tag_t<Delta>, std::string const& name){ return ConvertDelta(name); }
注意,不是专长。只是超载。