这两个模板似乎产生相同的结果。有什么区别,什么时候应该使用?
using namespace std;
class A {
};
class B : public A {
};
class C : public A {
};
int main()
{
cout << boolalpha << is_convertible<B, A>::value << '\n';
cout << boolalpha << is_base_of<A, B>::value << '\n';
cout << boolalpha << is_convertible<B, C>::value << '\n';
cout << boolalpha << is_base_of<C, B>::value << '\n';
return 0;
}
运行程序后,我得到了
true
true
false
false
谢谢!
答案 0 :(得分:2)
看看std::is_base_of
和std::is_convertible
的文档。
有一些区别:
#include <type_traits>
struct anything_can_convert_to {
// This constructor constructs from anything
template<class T> anything_can_convert_to(T&&) {}
};
struct can_convert_to_anything {
// This conversion operator can convert to anything
template<class T> operator T() { return *static_cast<T*>(nullptr); }
};
struct cant_convert_to_base;
struct base {
base(const cant_convert_to_base&) = delete;
};
struct public_derived : base {};
struct private_derived : private base {};
struct cant_convert_to_base : base {};
int main() {
#define IS_CONVERTIBLE(FROM, TO) static_assert(std::is_convertible_v<FROM, TO>)
#define IS_NOT_CONVERTIBLE(FROM, TO) static_assert(!std::is_convertible_v<FROM, TO>)
#define IS_BASE_OF(BASE, DERIVED) static_assert(std::is_base_of_v<BASE, DERIVED>)
#define IS_NOT_BASE_OF(BASE, DERIVED) static_assert(!std::is_base_of_v<BASE, DERIVED>)
IS_CONVERTIBLE(int, long);
IS_CONVERTIBLE(int, anything_can_convert_to);
IS_CONVERTIBLE(can_convert_to_anything, int);
IS_NOT_CONVERTIBLE(anything_can_convert_to, int);
IS_CONVERTIBLE(public_derived, base);
IS_NOT_CONVERTIBLE(private_derived, base);
IS_NOT_CONVERTIBLE(cant_convert_to_base, base);
IS_NOT_BASE_OF(int, long);
IS_NOT_BASE_OF(int, anything_can_convert_to);
IS_BASE_OF(base, public_derived);
IS_BASE_OF(base, private_derived);
IS_BASE_OF(base, cant_convert_to_base);
}
您将意识到它们是针对两种不同的事物的。 std::is_base_of<Base, Derived>
确实听起来像:在继承方面,Base
是否是Derived
的基类。 std::is_convertible<From, To>
主要检查是否:
To test = (expression of type From);
格式正确。对于继承,大多数情况是From
是To
的基类,但是在很多其他情况下都是这种情况(例如,对于私有继承,您不能转换为基础,但std::is_base_of
仍然有效。)