Question

我对python和web抓取真的很陌生，想抓取以下页面： http://www.interzum.com/exhibitors-and-products/exhibitor-index/exhibitor-index-15.php

我想遍历每个参展商链接，并获取联系方式。然后，我需要在所有77页中都这样做。

我可以从页面中提取所需的信息，但是当涉及到构建函数和循环时，我会不断出错，并且找不到用于循环浏览多个页面的简单结构。

到目前为止，这是我在Jupyter笔记本中拥有的：

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.desired_capabilities import DesiredCapabilities
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.firefox_binary import FirefoxBinary
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException
import time
import pandas as pd
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

url = 'http://www.interzum.com/exhibitors-and-products/exhibitor-index/exhibitor-index-15.php'
text = requests.get(url).text
page1 = BeautifulSoup(text, "html.parser")

def get_data(url):
    text = requests.get(url).text
    page2 = BeautifulSoup(text, "html.parser")

    title = page2.find('h1', attrs={'class':'hl_2'}).getText()    
    content = page2.find('div', attrs={'class':'content'}).getText()
    phone = page2.find('div', attrs={'class':'sico ico_phone'}).getText()
    email = page2.find('a', attrs={'class':'sico ico_email'}).getText
    webpage = page2.find('a', attrs={'class':'sico ico_link'}).getText


    data = {'Name': [title],
          'Address': [content],
          'Phone number': [phone],
          'Email': [email],
          'Web': [web]            
         } 

df = pd.DataFrame()
for a in page1.findAll('a', attrs={'class':'initial_noline'}):
    df2 = get_data(a['href'])
    df = pd.concat([df, df2])



AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'getText'

我知道我不断遇到的错误是因为我是新手，对函数语法和循环语法感到困惑。

对此建议结构的任何指导将不胜感激。

Answer 1

这里是经过调试的版本。

import pandas as pd
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

url = 'http://www.interzum.com/exhibitors-and-products/exhibitor-index/exhibitor-index-15.php'
text = requests.get(url).text
page1 = BeautifulSoup(text, "html.parser")

def get_data(url):
    text = requests.get(url).text
    page2 = BeautifulSoup(text, "html.parser")

    title = page2.find('h1', attrs={'class':'hl_2'}).getText()    
    content = page2.find('div', attrs={'class':'content'}).getText()
    phone = page2.find('div', attrs={'class':'sico ico_phone'}).getText()
    email = page2.find('div', attrs={'class':'sico ico_email'}).getText
    webpage = page2.find('div', attrs={'class':'sico ico_link'}).getText


    data = [[title, content,phone, email, webpage]] 
    return data

df = pd.DataFrame()
for a in page1.findAll('a', attrs={'class':'initial_noline'}):
    if 'kid=' not in a['href'] : continue
    print('http://www.interzum.com' + a['href'])
    data = get_data('http://www.interzum.com' + a['href'])
    df.append(data)

Answer 2

非常感谢大家提供的所有帮助，我一直坚持不懈地努力，并设法获得了我所需的一切。我的代码如下：

import pandas as pd
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.desired_capabilities import DesiredCapabilities
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.firefox_binary import FirefoxBinary
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException
import time

binary = FirefoxBinary('geckodriver.exe')
driver = webdriver.Firefox()
driver.get('http://www.interzum.com/exhibitors-and-products/exhibitor-        index/exhibitor-index-15.php')

url = 'http://www.interzum.com/exhibitors-and-products/exhibitor-index/exhibitor-index-15.php'
text = requests.get(url).text
page1 = BeautifulSoup(text, "html.parser")

def get_data(url, tries=0, max_tries=3):
    text_test2 = requests.get(url).text
    page2 = BeautifulSoup(text_test2, "html.parser")

    try:
        title = page2.find('h1', attrs={'class':'hl_2'}).text    
        content = page2.find('div', attrs={'class':'cont'}).text
        phone = page2.find('div', attrs={'class':'sico ico_phone'}).text
        email_div = page2.find('div', attrs={'class':'sico ico_email'})
        email = email_div.find('a', attrs={'class': 'xsecondarylink'})['href']


       if page2.find_all("div", {"class": "sico ico_link"}):
            web_div = page2.find('div', attrs={'class':'sico ico_link'})
            web = web_div.find('a', attrs={'class':'xsecondarylink'})['href']

    except:
        if tries < max_tries:
            tries += 1
            print("try {}".format(tries))
            return get_data(url, tries)


    data = {'Name': [title],
            'Street address': [content], 
            'Phone number': [phone],
            'Email': [email],
            'Web': [web]            
            }

    return pd.DataFrame(data=data)


df = pd.DataFrame()
for i in range(0,80):
    print(i)
    page1 = BeautifulSoup(driver.page_source, 'html.parser')


    for div in page1.findAll('div', attrs={'class':'item'}):

        for a in div.findAll('a', attrs={'class':'initial_noline'}):
            if 'kid=' not in a['href'] : continue
            print('http://www.interzum.com' + a['href'])

            data = get_data('http://www.interzum.com' + a['href'])
            df = pd.concat([df, data])

    next_button = driver.find_element_by_class_name('slick-next')
    next_button.click()
    time.sleep(20)

df.to_csv('result.csv')

此代码一直有效，直到到达第二页上的第二个链接。该链接没有网站，我正在努力整理以下内容：如果存在带有此类的href，则请拉该网站；如果不存在，则移至下一个

但是，出现以下错误： UnboundLocalError：赋值之前引用了本地变量'web'

所以我的代码显然没有这样做！

任何有关如何解决该问题的指南都将不胜感激！

再次感谢大家的帮助：）

美丽的汤-多页中的getText

2 个答案: