如何使用沿折线的实时位置更新标记？

Question

我的问题标题似乎已经存在，但这是我的完整情况。

我有一个针对基于Map的操作的活动，其中沿着一条道路绘制一条折线，可以说两个位置之间的路线。基本上，该应用会跟踪用户的当前位置（乘车旅行）。因此，直到零件一切正常为止，例如正确显示了路线，设备Location API正在提供位置更新（有点准确），而且我还能够顺利地更改位置更新，

问题是，位置更新有时会呈锯齿状，有时可能不会碰到道路，位置更新会遍及整个地方。

我也研究了ROAD api，但是即使从以前的一些问题中也无法获得正确的帮助。

是否可以使标记仅沿道路移动？

任何帮助将不胜感激。

Answer 1

您可以通过将标记投影到最近的路径段来将标记捕捉到路径。您可以通过PolyUtil.isLocationOnPath()找到最近的细分：

PolyUtil.isLocationOnPath(carPos, segment, true, 30)

和标记到该段的投影，您可以通过将测地线的球面坐标转换为正交的屏幕坐标，然后计算投影的正交坐标并将其转换回球面（WGS84 LatLng -> Screen x,y -> WGS84 LatLng）：

Point carPosOnScreen = projection.toScreenLocation(carPos);
Point p1 = projection.toScreenLocation(segment.get(0));
Point p2 = projection.toScreenLocation(segment.get(1));
Point carPosOnSegment = new Point();

float denominator = (p2.x - p1.x) * (p2.x - p1.x) + (p2.y - p1.y) * (p2.y - p1.y);
// p1 and p2 are the same
if (Math.abs(denominator) <= 1E-10) {
    markerProjection = segment.get(0);
} else {
    float t = (carPosOnScreen.x * (p2.x - p1.x) - (p2.x - p1.x) * p1.x
            + carPosOnScreen.y * (p2.y - p1.y) - (p2.y - p1.y) * p1.y) / denominator;
    carPosOnSegment.x = (int) (p1.x + (p2.x - p1.x) * t);
    carPosOnSegment.y = (int) (p1.y + (p2.y - p1.y) * t);
    markerProjection = projection.fromScreenLocation(carPosOnSegment);
}

具有完整的源代码：

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements OnMapReadyCallback {

    private GoogleMap mGoogleMap;
    private MapFragment mapFragment;

    private Button mButton;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        mapFragment = (MapFragment) getFragmentManager()
                .findFragmentById(R.id.map_fragment);
        mapFragment.getMapAsync(this);

        mButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button);
        mButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {

            }
        });
    }

    @Override
    public void onMapReady(GoogleMap googleMap) {
        mGoogleMap = googleMap;
        mGoogleMap.setOnMapLoadedCallback(new GoogleMap.OnMapLoadedCallback() {
            @Override
            public void onMapLoaded() {
                List<LatLng> sourcePoints = new ArrayList<>();
                PolylineOptions polyLineOptions;
                LatLng carPos;

                sourcePoints.add(new LatLng(-35.27801,149.12958));
                sourcePoints.add(new LatLng(-35.28032,149.12907));
                sourcePoints.add(new LatLng(-35.28099,149.12929));
                sourcePoints.add(new LatLng(-35.28144,149.12984));
                sourcePoints.add(new LatLng(-35.28194,149.13003));
                sourcePoints.add(new LatLng(-35.28282,149.12956));
                sourcePoints.add(new LatLng(-35.28302,149.12881));
                sourcePoints.add(new LatLng(-35.28473,149.12836));

                polyLineOptions = new PolylineOptions();
                polyLineOptions.addAll(sourcePoints);
                polyLineOptions.width(10);
                polyLineOptions.color(Color.BLUE);
                mGoogleMap.addPolyline(polyLineOptions);

                carPos = new LatLng(-35.281120, 149.129721);
                addMarker(carPos);
                mGoogleMap.moveCamera(CameraUpdateFactory.newLatLngZoom(sourcePoints.get(0), 15));

                for (int i = 0; i < sourcePoints.size() - 1; i++) {
                    LatLng segmentP1 = sourcePoints.get(i);
                    LatLng segmentP2 = sourcePoints.get(i+1);
                    List<LatLng> segment = new ArrayList<>(2);
                    segment.add(segmentP1);
                    segment.add(segmentP2);

                    if (PolyUtil.isLocationOnPath(carPos, segment, true, 30)) {
                        polyLineOptions = new PolylineOptions();
                        polyLineOptions.addAll(segment);
                        polyLineOptions.width(10);
                        polyLineOptions.color(Color.RED);
                        mGoogleMap.addPolyline(polyLineOptions);
                        LatLng snappedToSegment = getMarkerProjectionOnSegment(carPos, segment, mGoogleMap.getProjection());
                        addMarker(snappedToSegment);
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
        });
        mGoogleMap.animateCamera(CameraUpdateFactory.newLatLngZoom(sourcePoints.get(0), 15));
    }

    private LatLng getMarkerProjectionOnSegment(LatLng carPos, List<LatLng> segment, Projection projection) {
        LatLng markerProjection = null;

        Point carPosOnScreen = projection.toScreenLocation(carPos);
        Point p1 = projection.toScreenLocation(segment.get(0));
        Point p2 = projection.toScreenLocation(segment.get(1));
        Point carPosOnSegment = new Point();

        float denominator = (p2.x - p1.x) * (p2.x - p1.x) + (p2.y - p1.y) * (p2.y - p1.y);
        // p1 and p2 are the same
        if (Math.abs(denominator) <= 1E-10) {
            markerProjection = segment.get(0);
        } else {
            float t = (carPosOnScreen.x * (p2.x - p1.x) - (p2.x - p1.x) * p1.x
                    + carPosOnScreen.y * (p2.y - p1.y) - (p2.y - p1.y) * p1.y) / denominator;
            carPosOnSegment.x = (int) (p1.x + (p2.x - p1.x) * t);
            carPosOnSegment.y = (int) (p1.y + (p2.y - p1.y) * t);
            markerProjection = projection.fromScreenLocation(carPosOnSegment);
        }    
        return markerProjection;
    }

    public void addMarker(LatLng latLng) {
        mGoogleMap.addMarker(new MarkerOptions()
                .position(latLng)
        );
    }
}

您会得到类似的东西：

但是更好的方法是从路径的起点算起车辆的距离，并通过SphericalUtil.interpolate()找到它的位置，因为如果多个路径段彼此接近（例如，在同一条道路的不同车道上），如下所示：

与当前汽车位置最接近的“错误”部分。因此，请从路线起点算起汽车的距离，然后使用SphericalUtil.interpolate()确定路线上的确切点。

Answer 2

我知道这个问题很旧，但万一有人需要，可以将它添加到Andrii Omelchenko的答案中，这是您可以使用SphericalUtil.interpolate()在细分上准确找到要点的一种方式：

private LatLng getMarkerProjectionOnSegment(LatLng carPos, List<LatLng> segment, Projection projection) {
        Point a = projection.toScreenLocation(segment.get(0));
        Point b = projection.toScreenLocation(segment.get(1));
        Point p = projection.toScreenLocation(carPos);

        if(a.equals(b.x, b.y)) return segment.get(0); // Projected points are the same, segment is very short
        if(p.equals(a.x, a.y) || p.equals(b.x, b.y)) return carPos;

        /*
        If you're interested in the math (d represents point on segment you are trying to find):
        
        angle between 2 vectors = inverse cos of (dotproduct of 2 vectors / product of the magnitudes of each vector)
        angle = arccos(ab.ap/|ab|*|ap|)
        ad magnitude = magnitude of vector ap multiplied by cos of (angle).
        ad = ap*cos(angle) --> basic trig adj = hyp * cos(opp)
        below implementation is just a simplification of these equations
         */

        float dotproduct = ((b.x-a.x)*(p.x-a.x)) + ((b.y-a.y)*(p.y-a.y));
        float absquared = (float) (Math.pow(a.x-b.x, 2) + Math.pow(a.y-b.y, 2)); // Segment magnitude squared

        // Get the fraction for SphericalUtil.interpolate
        float fraction = dotproduct / absquared;

        if(fraction > 1) return segment.get(1);
        if(fraction < 0) return segment.get(0);
        return SphericalUtil.interpolate(segment.get(0), segment.get(1), fraction);
    }