如何清除输入行,而不仅仅是单个字符

时间:2019-02-04 22:26:55

标签: c++ get cin getline

很抱歉,如果这是一个简单的问题,我是初学者。如果不是期望的类型,我希望能够从cin清除输入。我可以将它用于单个字符或值,但是当我在行中输入多个字符时,就会出现问题。

例如,提示用户输入两倍。如果不是双精度型,则会出现错误消息并再次提示。如果我输入更长的字符串,也会发生这种情况。

EX 1:预期输出

Enter initial estimate: a

The initial estimate is not a number.
Enter initial estimate: afdf

The initial estimate is not a number. 

EX 2:目前,在我的代码中,不断读取afdf,因此我得到:

Enter initial estimate of root : a

The initial estimate was not a number
Enter initial estimate of root : afdf

The initial estimate was not a number
Enter initial estimate of root :
The initial estimate was not a number
Enter initial estimate of root :
The initial estimate was not a number
Enter increment for estimate of root :
The increment was not a number

我尝试使用cin.clear()和cin.get()以及进入getline()的方法,但这没用。

 while (numTries < 4)
 {
   numTries++;
   cout << "Enter initial estimate of root : ";
   cin >> estimate;

   if (!(cin.fail()))
   {
     if ((estimate >= minEst) && (estimate <= maxEst))
     {
       break;
     }
     else
     {
       if (numTries == 4)
       {
         cout << "ERROR: Exceeded max number of tries entering data" << endl;
         return 0;
       }
       cout << "" << endl;
       cout << "Value you entered was not in range\n";
       cout << fixed << setprecision(3) << minEst << " <= initial estimate <= " << maxEst << endl;
     }
   }
   else
   {
   cout << "\nThe initial estimate was not a number\n";
   cin.clear();
   cin.get();
   }
 }

如何确保下次输入时清除输入内容?我可以使用getline()实现吗?预先感谢。

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

如果您想坚持使用cin,那么您将想用cin.ignore()忽略该行的其余部分

#include<limit>
...

double estimate;
do {
    if(cin.fail()) {
        cin.clear();
        cin.ignore(numeric_limits<streamsize>::max(), '\n');
        cout << "The initial estimate was not a number" << endl;
    }
    cout << "Enter initial estimate of root: ";
    cin >> estimate;
    cout << endl;
} while(!cin);

Getline可能是一个更好的选择,因为它从输入流中获取换行符(\ n)分隔的一行。

do {
    if(cin.fail()) {
        cin.clear();
        cout << "The initial estimate was not a number" << endl;
    }
    cout << "Enter initial estimate of root: ";
} while(!getline(cin, estimate);

答案 1 :(得分:0)

您可以将输入作为字符串检索,并解析它是否为数字:

bool convert_string_to_double(const std::string &str, double &out_value){
    try{
        out_value = stod(str);
        return true;
    } catch (const std::invalid_argument &e) {
        return false;
    }
}

bool get_double_from_input(double &out_value){
    std::string input_str;

    cin >> input_str;

    return convert_string_to_double(input_str, out_value);
}

然后使用get_double_from_input从输入中检索双精度值。如果无法将值转换为双精度,它将返回false,或者返回true并将结果存储到out_value中。