我以“选择”方式使用GNU Readline,通过注册回调函数,如下所示:
rl_callback_handler_install("", on_readline_input);
然后将rl_callback_read_char
作为select()
STDIN_FILENO
循环的回调。这都是非常标准的东西,并且工作正常。
现在,我的程序异步地将消息打印到屏幕上,有时与用户的输入交错。 “干净”的会话看起来像这样:
user input
SERVER OUTPUT
SERVER OUTPUT
user input
SERVER OUTPUT
但是,如果用户在服务器响应到达时位于线路中间,该怎么办?然后它变得丑陋:
user input
SERVER OUTPUT
user inSERVER OUTPUT
put
SERVER OUTPUT
如果用户输入了任何内容(通过检查rl_line_buffer
很容易判断),然后在打印服务器输出后执行rl_forced_update_display()
,我只需在服务器输出之前打印换行符即可修复此问题。现在它看起来像这样:
user input
SERVER OUTPUT
user in
SERVER OUTPUT
user input
SERVER OUTPUT
这更好,但仍然不完美。当用户键入整行但尚未按Enter键时出现问题 - 然后它看起来像这样:
user input
SERVER OUTPUT
user input
SERVER OUTPUT
user input
SERVER OUTPUT
这很糟糕,因为在用户看来他们输入了三个命令(三个输入的三个响应与两个输入的三个响应一样可能,这实际上就是这样)。
讨厌的黑客(有效)是这样做的:
user input
SERVER OUTPUT
user input - INCOMPLETE
SERVER OUTPUT
user input
SERVER OUTPUT
我想我可以通过打印退格('\ b')字符而不是" - INCOMPLETE"
来改进这一点,但这似乎在我的终端上没有做任何事情(Ubuntu Hardy上的gnome-terminal)。无论出于何种原因,printf("ABC\b");
只打印ABC
。
那么如何删除不完整的输入行?要么以某种方式打印退格(我可以弄清楚打印多少 - 它是strlen(rl_line_buffer)
),还是使用一些我还不知道的Readline工具?
答案 0 :(得分:3)
有空格吗?尝试为您要“删除”的每个字符打印"\b \b"
,而不是单个'\b'
。
修改的
工作原理
假设你写了“Hello,world!”到显示设备,你想要取代“世界!”与“吉姆。”
Hello, world!
^ /* active position */ /* now write "\b \b" */
/* '\b' moves the active position back;
// ' ' writes a space (erases the '!')
// and another '\b' to go back again */
Hello, world
^ /* active position */ /* now write "\b \b" again */
Hello, worl
^ /* active position */ /* now write "\b \b" 4 times ... */
Hello,
^ /* active position */ /* now write "Jim." */
Hello, Jim.
^ /* active position */
<强>可移植性强>
我不确定,但标准专门描述了'\ b'和'\ r'的行为,正如您在问题的答案中所描述的那样。
第5.2.2节字符显示语义
> 1 The active position is that location on a display device where the next character output by
> the fputc function would appear. The intent of writing a printing character (as defined
> by the isprint function) to a display device is to display a graphic representation of
> that character at the active position and then advance the active position to the next
> position on the current line. The direction of writing is locale-specific. If the active
> position is at the final position of a line (if there is one), the behavior of the display devic e
> is unspecified.
>
> 2 Alphabetic escape sequences representing nongraphic characters in the execution
> character set are intended to produce actions on display devices as follows:
> \a (alert) Produces an audible or visible alert without changing the active position.
> \b (backspace) Moves the active position to the previous position on the current line. If
> the active position is at the initial position of a line, the behavior of the display
> device is unspecified.
> \f ( form feed) Moves the active position to the initial position at the start of the next
> logical page.
> \n (new line) Moves the active position to the initial position of the next line.
> \r (carriage return) Moves the active position to the initial position of the current line.
> \t (horizontal tab) Moves the active position to the next horizontal tabulation position
> on the current line. If the active position is at or past the last defined horizontal
> tabulation position, the behavior of the display device is unspecified.
> \v (vertical tab) Moves the active position to the initial position of the next vertical
> tabulation position. If the active position is at or past the last defined vertical
> tabulation position, the behavior of the display device is unspecified.
>
> 3 Each of these escape sequences shall produce a unique implementation-defined value
> which can be stored in a single char object. The external representations in a text file
> need not be identical to the internal representations, and are outside the scope of this
> International Standard.
答案 1 :(得分:3)
经过大量的黑客攻击后,我能够获得这种机制。我希望其他人会发现它很有用。它甚至不使用select(),但我希望你能明白这一点。
#include <readline/readline.h>
#include <readline/history.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
const char const* prompt = "PROMPT> ";
void printlog(int c) {
char* saved_line;
int saved_point;
saved_point = rl_point;
saved_line = rl_copy_text(0, rl_end);
rl_set_prompt("");
rl_replace_line("", 0);
rl_redisplay();
printf("Message: %d\n", c);
rl_set_prompt(prompt);
rl_replace_line(saved_line, 0);
rl_point = saved_point;
rl_redisplay();
free(saved_line);
}
void handle_line(char* ch) {
printf("%s\n", ch);
add_history(ch);
}
int main() {
int c = 1;
printf("Start.\n");
rl_callback_handler_install(prompt, handle_line);
while (1) {
if (((++c) % 5) == 0) {
printlog(c);
}
usleep(10);
rl_callback_read_char();
}
rl_callback_handler_remove();
}
答案 2 :(得分:1)
您可以做的一件事是使用\r
跳转到服务器输出行的开头。然后,您可以使用字段宽度说明符将输出右键填充到行的其余部分。实际上,这将覆盖用户已输入的任何内容。
fprintf (stdout, "\r%-20s\n", "SERVER OUTPUT");
在执行此操作之前,您可能希望fflush(stdout)
确保缓冲区处于一致状态。
答案 3 :(得分:0)
我尝试用ncurses窗口分隔服务器输出和用户输入。使用线程模拟服务器输出。程序将一直运行,直到您输入以“q”开头的行。
#include <unistd.h>
#include <curses.h>
#include <pthread.h>
WINDOW *top, *bottom;
int win_update( WINDOW *win, void *data ){
wprintw(win,"%s", (char*)data ); wrefresh(win);
return 0;
}
void *top_thread( void *data ){
char buff[1024];
int i=0;
while(1){
snprintf(buff, 1024, "SERVER OUTPUT: %i\n", i++ );
use_window( top, win_update, (void*)buff );
sleep(1);
}
return NULL;
}
int main(){
initscr();
int maxy, maxx;
getmaxyx( stdscr, maxy, maxx );
top = newwin(maxy-1,maxx,0,0);
wsetscrreg(top,0,maxy-1); idlok(top,1); scrollok(top,1);
pthread_t top_tid;
pthread_create(&top_tid, NULL, top_thread, NULL);
bottom = newwin(1,maxx,maxy-1,0);
char buff[1024], input[maxx];
do{
werase(bottom); wmove(bottom,0,0);
wprintw(bottom,"input> " ); wrefresh(bottom);
wgetnstr(bottom,input,sizeof(input));
snprintf(buff, 1024, "user input: '%s'\n", input );
use_window( top, win_update, (void*)buff );
}while( input[0] != 'q' );
endwin();
}
答案 4 :(得分:0)
这些功能中的任何一个都有帮助吗?
rl_reset_line_state()
rl_clear_message()
rl_delete_text()
rl_kill_text()
此外,您是否可以调解服务器输出 - 控制服务器输出,使其仅在您希望的时间和地点出现,而不是只是在用户输入的内容上蔓延?例如,如果您的应用程序在curses模式下运行,您是否可以在一个子窗口底部有一行或两行,用于用户输入,其余部分用于输出(服务器输出和接受的用户输入)它上面的第二个子窗口?
答案 5 :(得分:0)
这似乎也有效:
rl_clear_visible_line();
printf(...);
rl_reset_line_state();
rl_redisplay();