在Python中解决继承问题时遇到一些麻烦。我的代码是：
class Calendar(object):
def __init__(self):
self.norm_year = (365)
self.leap_year = (366)
def _input_validity(self, args_num, *args):
if len(args) != args_num:
return False
elif len(args) == 3:
args[0] = month
args[1] = day
args[2] = year
if type(month) != str or type(day) != int or type(year) != int:
return False
elif len(args) == 2:
args[0] = year
args[1] = doy
if type(year) != int or type(doy) != int:
return False
def _is_leap_year(self, year):
print(str(self))
if (type(year) != int) or (year <= 0):
return
if (year % 4 == 0):
if (year % 400 == 0) or (year % 100 != 0):
self.days_in_year = self.leap_year
self.months = self.months_leap
self.length = self.length_leap
return True
else:
self.days_in_year = self.norm_year
self.months = self.months_norm
self.length = self.length_norm
return False
else:
self.days_in_year = self.norm_year
self.months = self.months_norm
self.length = self.length_norm
return False
def date_to_day_of_year(self, *args):
pass
def day_of_year_to_date(self, *args):
args_num = 2
year = args[0]
doy = args[1]
self._is_leap_year(year)
if self._input_validity == False:
return
else:
month = 1
for i in self.length:
if doy > i:
month += 1
doy -= i
elif doy <= i:
day = doy
month = self.months[month]
return(str(month), day, year)
def date_to_day_of_week(self, *args):
# This can be called with three arguments such as
# obj.date_to_day_of_year("Messidor", 14, 1789)
# or with two arguments such as
# obj.date_to_day_of_year("Midyear"s Day", 1418)
# You need to determine which by looking at len(args).
pass
class Gregorian_Calendar(Calendar):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.months_norm = {1: 'Jan', 2: 'Feb', 3: 'Mar', 4: 'Apr', 5: 'May', 6: 'Jun', 7: 'Jul', 8: 'Aug', 9: 'Sep', 10: 'Oct', 11: 'Nov', 12: 'Dec'}
self.months_leap = {1: 'Jan', 2: 'Feb', 3: 'Mar', 4: 'Apr', 5: 'May', 6: 'Jun', 7: 'Jul', 8: 'Aug', 9: 'Sep', 10: 'Oct', 11: 'Nov', 12: 'Dec'}
self.length_norm = (31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31)
self.length_leap = (31, 29, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31)
self.weekdays = ('Mon', 'Tue', 'Wed', 'Thu', 'Fri')
def day_of_year_to_day_of_week(self, year, doy):
pass
class Shire_Calendar(Calendar):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.months_norm = {1: "2 Yule", 2: "Afteryule", 3: "Solmath", 4: "Rethe", 5: "Astron", 6: "Thrimidge", 7: "Forelithe", 8: "1 Lithe", 9: "Midyear's Day", 10: "2 Lithe", 11: "Afterlithe", 12: "Wedmath", 13: "Halimath", 14: "Winterfilth", 15: "Blotmath", 16: "Foreyule", 17: "1 Yule"}
self.months_leap = {1: "2 Yule", 2: "Afteryule", 3: "Solmath", 4: "Rethe", 5: "Astron", 6: "Thrimidge", 7: "Forelithe", 8: "1 Lithe", 9: "Midyear's Day", 10: "Overlithe", 11: "2 Lithe", 12: "Afterlithe", 13: "Wedmath", 14: "Halimath", 15: "Winterfilth", 16: "Blotmath", 17: "Foreyule", 18: "1 Yule"}
self.length_norm = (1, 30, 30, 30, 30, 30, 30, 1, 1, 1, 1, 30, 30, 30, 30, 30, 30, 1)
self.length_leap = (1, 30, 30, 30, 30, 30, 30, 1, 1, 1, 30, 30, 30, 30, 30, 30, 1)
self.weekdays = ("Sterday", "Sunday", "Monday", "Trewsday", "Hensday", "Mersday", "Highday")
def _is_leap_year(self, year):
if (year % 4 == 0) and (year % 100 != 0):
self.days_in_year = self.leap_year
return True
else:
self.days_in_year = self.norm_year
return False
def day_of_year_to_day_of_week(self, year, doy):
pass
class Calendrier_Républicain(Calendar):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.months_norm = {"Vendémiaire": 1, "Brumaire": 2, "Frimaire": 3, "Nivôse": 4, "Pluviôse": 5, "Ventôse": 6, "Germinal": 7, "Floréal": 8, "Prairial": 9, "Messidor": 10, "Thermidor": 11, "Fructidor": 12, "Jour de la vertu": 13, "Jour du génie": 14, "Jour du travail": 15, "Jour de l'opinion": 16, "Jour des récompenses": 17}
self.months = {"Vendémiaire": 1, "Brumaire": 2, "Frimaire": 3, "Nivôse": 4, "Pluviôse": 5, "Ventôse": 6, "Germinal": 7, "Floréal": 8, "Prairial": 9, "Messidor": 10, "Thermidor": 11, "Fructidor": 12, "Jour de la vertu": 13, "Jour du génie": 14, "Jour du travail": 15, "Jour de l'opinion": 16, "Jour des récompenses": 17, "Jour de la Révolution": 18}
self.length_norm = (30, 30, 30, 30, 30, 30, 30, 30, 30, 30, 30, 30, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1)
self.length_leap = (30, 30, 30, 30, 30, 30, 30, 30, 30, 30, 30, 30, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1)
self.weekdays = ("primidi", "duodi", "tridi", "quartidi", "quintidi", "sextidi", "septidi", "octidi", "nonidi", "décadi")
def day_of_year_to_day_of_week(self, year, doy):
pass
# Basic Testing
cal = Calendar()
gcal = Gregorian_Calendar()
scal = Shire_Calendar()
rcal = Calendrier_Républicain()
print(scal.day_of_year_to_date(1400, 2))
print(scal.day_of_year_to_date(1400, 184))
print(scal.day_of_year_to_date(1404, 184))
我正在尝试创建一个超类，该超类将能够处理多种不同类型的日历并对其执行操作。我显示的示例是超类中的一个函数，该函数通过使用Shire_Calendar子类中的信息将一年中的某天转换为日期。
为了处理leap年，我想为一个月的月份和天分配两个不同的变量（months_norm，months_leap，length_norm，length_leap），在日历子类（在这种情况下为Shire_Calendar中指定的值）中，然后超类中的_is_leap_year函数读取年份输入，确定是否为a年，并分配适当的月份元组和日期在一个月的元组中到达常规变量months和length。从那里，将常规变量传递到函数day_of_year_to_date。
问题在于，当我尝试传递这些变量时，它吐出了一个名称错误，即Shire_Calendar没有属性length。就像在_is_leap_year函数中一样，months和length没有被分配，或者没有被分配到错误的位置。
答案 0 :(得分：1)
调用scal.day_of_year_to_date(1400, 2)时，将调用day_of_year_to_date()中定义的Calendar方法。
在父类的此方法中，您正在调用self._is_leap_year(year)。由于您的实例是Shire_Calendar，因此将调用self._is_leap_year()中定义的Shire_Calendar。
但是与基类的_is_leap_year()方法相反，此方法未设置self.length，因此在尝试使用它时不存在。