Assembly Gas-使用gcc和ld cuase分段错误进行编译

Question

我正在虚拟框中使用Ubuntu 18.04运行程序集GAS代码。

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这是一个非常简单的方法，应该获取输入整数并打印与该整数相对应的ascii字符。

我使用gcc进行编译：

.section    .rodata
input_int:      .string "%d"
.text
.global main
    .type   main, @function 
main:
    movq    %rsp, %rbp #for correct debugging -added by the ide
    pushq   %rbp
    movq    %rsp,%rbp

    subq    $8,%rsp

    movq    $input_int,%rdi
    movq    %rsp,%rsi
    movq    $0,%rax 
    call scanf

    movq    %rsp,%rdi
    movq    $0,%rax    
    call printf

    addq    $8,%rsp
    movq    $0,%rax 
    movq    %rbp,%rsp
    popq    %rbp
    ret

到达gcc -m64 -c ./main.s gcc -m64 ./main.o -no-pie -fno-pie ./a.out 命令后，它会抛出call scanf。

尝试以相同的方式运行非常相似的代码：

Segmentation Fault

哪个输出：

    .section .data
    f:  .string "%d"
    x:  .long 0

.text   #the beginnig of the code
.globl  main    #the label "main" is used to state the initial point of this program
    .type   main, @function # the label "main" representing the beginning of a function
main:
movq %rsp, %rbp #for correct debugging  # the main function:
pushq   %rbp        #save the old frame pointer
movq    %rsp,   %rbp    #create the new frame pointer

# Get User Input
movq $0, %rax    # clear rax
movq $f, %rdi    # load format string
movq $x, %rsi    # set storage to address of x
call scanf

# Print Input
movq $x, %rdi
movq $0, %rax
call printf

#return from printf:
movq    $0, %rax    #return value is zero (just like in c - we tell the OS that this program finished seccessfully)
movq    %rbp, %rsp  #restore the old stack pointer - release all used memory.
popq    %rbp        #restore old frame pointer (the caller function frame)
ret         #return to caller function (OS)

这两个代码之间的主要区别在于，一个使用数据节中的地址，另一个将变量保存到程序堆栈中。

什么可能导致此行为？