C ++中的编译时数组选择

时间:2018-11-08 01:13:35

标签: c++ templates c++17 constexpr template-specialization

我有一个类,该类根据编译时参数保存一个数组(用于过滤器)。例如:

template<class Real, unsigned N>
class foo {
public:
  // stuff ...
private:
   static const constexpr std::array<Real, unsigned N> m_h;
};

例如,如果N=4Real = double,我希望m_h是(比如):

m_h = {0.4829629131445341,  0.8365163037378079,  0.2241438680420133, -0.129409522551260};

如果N=4Real = float,我想

m_h = {0.4829629f, 0.8365163f, 0.2241438f, -0.1294095f};

如果N=6Real=double,我希望数字完全不同:

m_h = {0.332670552950082615998, 0.806891509311092576494, 0.45987750211849157009, -0.1350110200102545886963899, -0.0854412738820266616928191, 0.0352262918857095366027};

实现此目标的最优雅的语法是什么?我找到的最接近的是Boost的Gaussian quadrature,它通过首先按位数对Real类型进行分类并将其转换为float,double和long double来实现目标。然后,它引入一个foo_detail类,该类提供函数get_constants()并选择运行时所需的常量。 Boost当然支持许多编译器及其不同的C ++ 11功能,所以我觉得使用(比如说)C ++ 17可能会有更具表现力的解决方案。

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:3)

不确定我确切地了解您想要什么,但是...我想您可以初始化m_h并调用constexpr模板函数并将其完全专用化。

我的意思是...您可以按如下方式写foo()

template <typename Real, std::size_t N>
class foo
 {
   private:
      static constexpr std::array<Real, N> m_h { bar<Real, N>() };
 };

template <typename Real, std::size_t N>
constexpr std::array<Real, N> foo<Real, N>::m_h;

并编写一组bar()模板函数,如下所示

template <typename Real, std::size_t N>
constexpr std::array<Real, N> bar ();

template <>
constexpr std::array<double, 4u> bar<double, 4u> ()
 { return { {0.4829629131445341,  0.8365163037378079,
             0.2241438680420133, -0.129409522551260} }; }

template <>
constexpr std::array<float, 4u> bar<float, 4u> ()
 { return { {0.4829629f, 0.8365163f, 0.2241438f, -0.1294095f} }; }

template <>
constexpr std::array<double, 6u> bar<double, 6u> ()
 { return { { 0.332670552950082615998,      0.806891509311092576494,
              0.45987750211849157009,      -0.1350110200102545886963899,
             -0.0854412738820266616928191,  0.0352262918857095366027} }; }

// as many `bar()` specializations as you want

以下是完整的编译示例(带有简化的foo

#include <array>
#include <iostream>

template <typename Real, std::size_t N>
constexpr std::array<Real, N> bar ();

template <>
constexpr std::array<double, 4u> bar<double, 4u> ()
 { return { {0.4829629131445341,  0.8365163037378079,
             0.2241438680420133, -0.129409522551260} }; }

template <>
constexpr std::array<float, 4u> bar<float, 4u> ()
 { return { {0.4829629f, 0.8365163f, 0.2241438f, -0.1294095f} }; }

template <>
constexpr std::array<double, 6u> bar<double, 6u> ()
 { return { { 0.332670552950082615998,      0.806891509311092576494,
              0.45987750211849157009,      -0.1350110200102545886963899,
             -0.0854412738820266616928191,  0.0352262918857095366027} }; }

template <typename Real, std::size_t N>
struct foo
 {
   static constexpr std::array<Real, N> m_h { bar<Real, N>() };
 };

template <typename Real, std::size_t N>
constexpr std::array<Real, N> foo<Real, N>::m_h;

int main ()
 {
   for ( auto f : foo<double, 4u>::m_h )
      std::cout << f << ' ';

   std::cout << std::endl;

   for ( auto f : foo<float, 4u>::m_h )
      std::cout << f << ' ';

   std::cout << std::endl;

   for ( auto f : foo<double, 6u>::m_h )
      std::cout << f << ' ';

   std::cout << std::endl;
 }

或者,如果您不想通过完全专业化来开发bar(),则可以使用很多bar()编写单个if constexpr函数,如下所示

template <typename Real, std::size_t N>
constexpr std::array<Real, N> bar ()
 {
   if constexpr ( std::is_same<long double, Real>::value )
    {
      if constexpr ( 4u == N )
         return { /* something */ };
      else if constexpr ( 6u == N )
         return { /* something */ };
      // else if constexpr ( ?? == N ) ...
    }
   else if constexpr ( std::is_same<double, Real>::value )
    { 
      if constexpr ( 4u == N )
         return { {0.4829629131445341,  0.8365163037378079,
                   0.2241438680420133, -0.129409522551260} }; 
      else if constexpr ( 6u == N )
         return { { 0.332670552950082615998,      0.806891509311092576494,
                    0.45987750211849157009,      -0.1350110200102545886963899,
                   -0.0854412738820266616928191,  0.0352262918857095366027} }; 
      // else if constexpr ( ?? == N ) ...
    }
   else if constexpr ( std::is_same<float, Real>::value )
    { 
      if constexpr ( 4u == N )
         return { {0.4829629f, 0.8365163f, 0.2241438f, -0.1294095f} };
      else if constexpr ( 6u == N )
         return { /* something */ };
      // else if constexpr ( ?? == N ) ...
    }
 }