将按钮连接到基于Python Tkinter的计算器中的操作

Question

我们的任务是在tkinter中创建一个计算器，无法清除计算器中的值以及使用按钮执行操作：加法（x，y）减法（x，y）乘积（x，y）除法（x ，y）。对于解决问题和改善代码的任何帮助，我们将不胜感激：

from tkinter import*
n1=0
n2=0
operator=''

win=Tk()
frame=Frame(win)
frame.pack()
win.title('Justin Calculator')


txtdisplay=Entry(frame,textvariable=n1,bd=30,insertwidth=1,font=30)
txtdisplay.pack(side=TOP)

def one():
    txtdisplay.insert(END,'1')
def two():
    txtdisplay.insert(END,'2')
def three():
    txtdisplay.insert(END,'3')
def four():
    txtdisplay.insert(END,'4')
def five():
    txtdisplay.insert(END,'5')
def six():
    txtdisplay.insert(END,'6')
def seven():
    txtdisplay.insert(END,'7')
def eight():
    txtdisplay.insert(END,'8')
def nine():
    txtdisplay.insert(END,'9')

def action(arg):
    txtdisplay.insert(END,arg)

def add():
    global n1              
    operator='+'
    n1=float(txtdisplay.get())
    txtdisplay.delete(0,END)

def addition(x,y):
        return x+y
        txtdisplay.insert(END,str(addition)(n1+n2)

Topframe=Frame(win)
Topframe.pack(side=TOP)

num1=Button(Topframe,padx=6, pady=6, bd=5, text='1',command=one,fg='blue')
num1.pack(side=LEFT)

num2=Button(Topframe,padx=6,pady=6,bd=5,text='2',command=two,fg='blue')
num2.pack(side=LEFT)

num3=Button(Topframe,padx=6,pady=6,bd=5,text='3',command=three,fg='blue')
num3.pack(side=LEFT)

centerframe=Frame(win)
centerframe.pack(side=TOP)
num4=Button(centerframe,padx=6,pady=6,bd=5,text='4',command=four,fg='red')
num4.pack(side=LEFT)
num5=Button(centerframe,padx=6,pady=6,bd=5,text='5',command=five,fg='red')
num5.pack(side=LEFT)
num6=Button(centerframe,padx=6,pady=6,bd=5,text='6',command=six,fg='red')
num6.pack(side=LEFT)

centerframe=Frame(win)
centerframe.pack(side=TOP)
num7=Button(centerframe,padx=6,pady=7,bd=5,text='7',command=seven,fg='black')
num7.pack(side=LEFT)
num8=Button(centerframe,padx=6,pady=7,bd=5,text='8',command=eight,fg='black')
num8.pack(side=LEFT)
num9=Button(centerframe,padx=6,pady=7,bd=5,text='9',command=nine,fg='black')
num9.pack(side=LEFT)

centerframe=Frame(win)
centerframe.pack(side=TOP)
subtraction=Button(centerframe,padx=6,pady=7,bd=5,text='-',fg='black')
subtraction.pack(side=LEFT)
num0=Button(centerframe,padx=6,pady=7,bd=5,text='0',fg='black')
num0.pack(side=LEFT)
ExitBtn=Button(centerframe,padx=6,pady=7,bd=5,text='Exit',command=win.destroy,fg='black')
ExitBtn.pack(side=LEFT)

centerframe=Frame(win)
centerframe.pack(side=TOP)
_add=Button(centerframe,padx=6,pady=7,bd=5,text='+',command=add,fg='black')
_add.pack(side=LEFT)
subtraction=Button(centerframe,padx=6,pady=7,bd=5,text='-',fg='black')
subtraction.pack(side=LEFT)
multiplication=Button(centerframe,padx=6,pady=7,bd=5,text='*',fg='black')
multiplication.pack(side=LEFT)
division=Button(centerframe,padx=6,pady=7,bd=5,text='/',fg='black')
division.pack(side=LEFT)
_equal=Button(centerframe,padx=6,pady=7,bd=5,text='=',command=equal,fg='black')
_equal.pack(side=LEFT)

bottomframe=Frame(win)
bottomframe.pack(side=TOP)
clear=Button(bottomframe,padx=6,pady=6,bd=5,text='Clear')
clear.pack(side=LEFT)

win.mainloop()

Answer 1

我已修复所有语法错误。我已注释掉您的错误。仍然存在一些逻辑错误。

from tkinter import Tk,Frame,Entry,Button

#import tkinter

n1=0
n2=0
operator=''

win=Tk()
frame=Frame(win)
frame.pack()
win.title('Justin Calculator')

END='end'
txtdisplay=Entry(frame,textvariable=n1,bd=30,insertwidth=1,font=30)
#why have you added unnecessary indentation?
txtdisplay.pack(side='top')

def one():
    txtdisplay.insert(END,1)
def two():
    txtdisplay.insert(END,2)
def three():
    txtdisplay.insert(END,3)
def four():
    txtdisplay.insert(END,4)
def five():
    txtdisplay.insert(END,5)
def six():
    txtdisplay.insert(END,6)
def seven():
    txtdisplay.insert(END,7)
def eight():
    txtdisplay.insert(END,8)
def nine():
    txtdisplay.insert(END,9)

def action(arg):
    txtdisplay.insert(END,arg)

def add():
    global n1              
    operator='+'
    n1=float(txtdisplay.get())
    txtdisplay.delete(0,END)

def addition(x,y):

    txtdisplay.insert(END,str(addition)(n1+n2))
    return x+y #the statement after return statement will never get executed


Topframe=Frame(win)
Topframe.pack(side='top')

num1=Button(Topframe,padx=6, pady=6, bd=5, text='1',command=one,fg='blue')
num1.pack(side='left')

num2=Button(Topframe,padx=6,pady=6,bd=5,text='2',command=two,fg='blue')
num2.pack(side='left')

num3=Button(Topframe,padx=6,pady=6,bd=5,text='3',command=three,fg='blue')
num3.pack(side='left')

# side= LEFT or TOP does not work. follw the dicumentation

centerframe=Frame(win)
centerframe.pack(side='top')
num4=Button(centerframe,padx=6,pady=6,bd=5,text='4',command=four,fg='red')
num4.pack(side='left')
num5=Button(centerframe,padx=6,pady=6,bd=5,text='5',command=five,fg='red')
num5.pack(side='left')
num6=Button(centerframe,padx=6,pady=6,bd=5,text='6',command=six,fg='red')
num6.pack(side='left')

centerframe=Frame(win)
centerframe.pack(side='top')
num7=Button(centerframe,padx=6,pady=7,bd=5,text='7',command=seven,fg='black')
num7.pack(side='left')
num8=Button(centerframe,padx=6,pady=7,bd=5,text='8',command=eight,fg='black')
num8.pack(side='left')
num9=Button(centerframe,padx=6,pady=7,bd=5,text='9',command=nine,fg='black')
num9.pack(side='left')

centerframe=Frame(win)
centerframe.pack(side='top')
subtraction=Button(centerframe,padx=6,pady=7,bd=5,text='-',fg='black')
subtraction.pack(side='left')
num0=Button(centerframe,padx=6,pady=7,bd=5,text='0',fg='black')
num0.pack(side='left')
ExitBtn=Button(centerframe,padx=6,pady=7,bd=5,text='Exit',command=win.destroy,fg='black')
ExitBtn.pack(side='left')

centerframe=Frame(win)
centerframe.pack(side='top')
_add=Button(centerframe,padx=6,pady=7,bd=5,text='+',command=add,fg='black')
_add.pack(side='left')
subtraction=Button(centerframe,padx=6,pady=7,bd=5,text='-',fg='black')
subtraction.pack(side='left')
multiplication=Button(centerframe,padx=6,pady=7,bd=5,text='*',fg='black')
multiplication.pack(side='left')
division=Button(centerframe,padx=6,pady=7,bd=5,text='/',fg='black')
division.pack(side='left')
_equal=Button(centerframe,padx=6,pady=7,bd=5,text='=',fg='black')
_equal.pack(side='left')

bottomframe=Frame(win)
bottomframe.pack(side='top')
clear=Button(bottomframe,padx=6,pady=6,bd=5,text='Clear')
clear.pack(side='left')

win.mainloop()

Answer 2

您不能通过以下方式使用textvariable：

n1=0
# ...
txtdisplay=Entry(frame,textvariable=n1, ...

使用textvariable是解决此问题的有效方法，但是直接混合使用Entry对textvariable的访问可能不是最佳选择，因此我们将{{1 }}。

该程序看起来就像您在构建界面时就没有事先考虑如何使它运行。下面是对计算器的重新制作，使得“ +”，“ =“和“清除”现在可以使用。我还输入了一个有效的小数点。您应该能够将所有数字加起来，然后加到这些总和上。但是您需要根据以下示例弄清楚如何自己实现剩余的操作：

textvariable

最后，我使用import operator from tkinter import * def zero(): txtdisplay.insert(END, '0') def one(): txtdisplay.insert(END, '1') def two(): txtdisplay.insert(END, '2') def three(): txtdisplay.insert(END, '3') def four(): txtdisplay.insert(END, '4') def five(): txtdisplay.insert(END, '5') def six(): txtdisplay.insert(END, '6') def seven(): txtdisplay.insert(END, '7') def eight(): txtdisplay.insert(END, '8') def nine(): txtdisplay.insert(END, '9') def decimal(): if '.' not in txtdisplay.get(): txtdisplay.insert(END, '.') def add(): global n1, operation operation = operator.add n1 = float(txtdisplay.get()) txtdisplay.delete(0, END) def equal(): global operation n2 = float(txtdisplay.get()) txtdisplay.delete(0, END) if operation: txtdisplay.insert(0, str(operation(n1, n2))) operation = None def clear(): global n1, operation n1 = 0.0 operation = None txtdisplay.delete(0, END) n1 = 0.0 operation = None win = Tk() win.title('StackOverflow Calculator') options = {'padx':6, 'pady':6, 'bd':5} sticky = {'sticky': (N, S, E, W)} frame = Frame(win) frame.pack() txtdisplay = Entry(frame, bd=30, insertwidth=1, font=30) txtdisplay.grid(row=0, columnspan=4) Button(frame, text='-', fg='black', **options).grid(row=1, column=3, **sticky) Button(frame, text='*', fg='black', **options).grid(row=1, column=2, **sticky) Button(frame, text='/', fg='black', **options).grid(row=1, column=1, **sticky) Button(frame, text='7', command=seven, fg='black', **options).grid(row=2, column=0, **sticky) Button(frame, text='8', command=eight, fg='black', **options).grid(row=2, column=1, **sticky) Button(frame, text='9', command=nine, fg='black', **options).grid(row=2, column=2, **sticky) Button(frame, text='4', command=four, fg='red', **options).grid(row=3, column=0, **sticky) Button(frame, text='5', command=five, fg='red', **options).grid(row=3, column=1, **sticky) Button(frame, text='6', command=six, fg='red', **options).grid(row=3, column=2, **sticky) Button(frame, text='1', command=one, fg='blue', **options).grid(row=4, column=0, **sticky) Button(frame, text='2', command=two, fg='blue', **options).grid(row=4, column=1, **sticky) Button(frame, text='3', command=three, fg='blue', **options).grid(row=4, column=2, **sticky) Button(frame, text='0', command=zero, fg='black', **options).grid(row=5, column=1, **sticky) Button(frame, text='.', command=decimal, fg='black', **options).grid(row=5, column=2, **sticky) Button(frame, text='Exit', command=win.destroy, fg='black', **options).grid(row=5, column=0, **sticky) Button(frame, text='+', command=add, fg='black', **options).grid(row=2, column=3, rowspan=2, **sticky) Button(frame, text='=', command=equal, fg='black', **options).grid(row=4, column=3, rowspan=2, **sticky) Button(frame, text='Clear', command=clear, **options).grid(row=1, column=0, **sticky) win.mainloop() 管理器在单个框架而不是grid()和多个框架中重建了您的界面。我并不是在建议您如何布置计算器，只是pack()可能是采用这样的界面的更好方法。