ScrollView 的性能是真正的阻力(明白吗?),特别是在移动平台上。我经常发现自己的速度低于15 fps,这给用户带来震撼和不堪重负的体验。经过大量的研究和测试,我编写了一个清单以大大提高性能。现在,我至少获得了30 fps,并且大部分CPU时间都分配给了 WaitForTargetFPS 。
我希望这对在此领域也遇到麻烦的任何人有所帮助。优化解决方案很难获得。随时在这里使用和修改我的任何代码。
答案 0 :(得分:3)
一个: .GetComponent <>()调用效率低下,尤其是在编辑器外部。避免在任何 Update()方法中使用它们。
两个: 在拖动 ScrollView 的每个帧中都会调用 OnValueChanged()。因此,从某种意义上说,它等效于 Update(),因此您应避免在此方法中使用 .GetComponent <>()调用。
三: 每当更改 Canvas 上的任何元素时,整个 Canvas 都必须重建其批次。此操作可能非常昂贵。因此,建议将您的 UI 元素划分为至少两个 Canvas ,一个用于很少或永远不更改的元素,而一个经常更改的元素。
每当 ScrollView 滚动其所在的整个Canvas时,就会被弄脏。因此,建议您将每个 ScrollView 放在单独的Canvas上。
Unity Canvas重建说明: https://unity3d.com/learn/tutorials/topics/best-practices/fill-rate-canvases-and-input?playlist=30089
四: EventSystem.Update()处理场景中的输入检测,使用射线广播在层次结构中进行过滤,以便找到接受此输入的组件。因此,仅在与场景交互时(例如,滚动 ScrollView 时)才进行这些计算。从图形和文本中删除不必要的 RaycastTarget 属性将缩短处理时间。可能没什么大不同,但是如果您不注意足够的对象,则可以使输入处理时间真正加起来。
五个: 使用任何种类的遮罩组件,甚至是 RectMask2D , ScrollView 中的所有对象都将被批处理和渲染。如果 ScrollView 中包含很多元素,建议您使用某种池化解决方案。在应用程序商店中有很多可用的软件。
统一池说明: https://unity3d.com/learn/tutorials/topics/best-practices/optimizing-ui-controls
但是,如果您的项目与此项目不兼容,需要持久性元素,那么我建议您隐藏屏幕外对象以减少性能开销。 Transform.SetParent()和 GameObject.SetActive()都是资源密集型方法,而是将 CanvasGroup 组件附加到每个元素并调整Alpha值以达到相同的效果。
这是一个静态脚本,用于检测对象是否可见并相应地设置Alpha:
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.UI;
public class ScrollHider : MonoBehaviour {
static public float contentTop;
static public float contentBottom;
static public bool HideObject(GameObject givenObject, CanvasGroup canvasGroup, float givenPosition, float givenHeight) {
if ((Mathf.Abs(givenPosition) + givenHeight > contentTop && Mathf.Abs(givenPosition) + givenHeight < contentBottom) || (Mathf.Abs(givenPosition) > contentTop && Mathf.Abs(givenPosition) < contentBottom)) {
if (canvasGroup.alpha != 1) {
canvasGroup.alpha = 1;
}
return true;
} else {
if (canvasGroup.alpha != 0) {
canvasGroup.alpha = 0;
}
return false;
}
}
static public void Setup(Scroll givenScroll) {
contentTop = (1 - givenScroll.verticalNormalizedPosition) * (givenScroll.content.rect.height - givenScroll.viewport.rect.height);
contentBottom = contentTop + givenScroll.viewport.rect.height;
}
}
六: Unity的内置 ScrollRect 组件可实现广泛的模块化功能。但是,就性能而言,它可能比您自己编写的要慢得多。这是一个 Scroll 脚本,可以达到相同的目的,但只支持Unity的 ScrollRect 的垂直,夹紧和惯性属性。
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.Events;
using UnityEngine.EventSystems;
public class Scroll : MonoBehaviour, IPointerDownHandler, IPointerUpHandler, IDragHandler, IScrollHandler {
private Camera mainCamera;
private RectTransform canvasRect;
public RectTransform viewport;
public RectTransform content;
private Rect viewportOld;
private Rect contentOld;
private List<Vector2> dragCoordinates = new List<Vector2>();
private List<float> offsets = new List<float>();
private int offsetsAveraged = 4;
private float offset;
private float velocity = 0;
private bool changesMade = false;
public float decelration = 0.135f;
public float scrollSensitivity;
public OnValueChanged onValueChanged;
[System.Serializable]
public class OnValueChanged : UnityEvent { }
[HideInInspector]
public float verticalNormalizedPosition
{
get
{
float sizeDelta = CaculateDeltaSize();
if (sizeDelta == 0) {
return 0;
} else {
return 1 - content.transform.localPosition.y / sizeDelta;
}
}
set
{
float o_verticalNormalizedPosition = verticalNormalizedPosition;
float m_verticalNormalizedPosition = Mathf.Max(0, Mathf.Min(1, value));
float maxY = CaculateDeltaSize();
content.transform.localPosition = new Vector3(content.transform.localPosition.x, Mathf.Max(0, (1 - m_verticalNormalizedPosition) * maxY), content.transform.localPosition.z);
float n_verticalNormalizedPosition = verticalNormalizedPosition;
if (o_verticalNormalizedPosition != n_verticalNormalizedPosition) {
onValueChanged.Invoke();
}
}
}
private float CaculateDeltaSize() {
return Mathf.Max(0, content.rect.height - viewport.rect.height); ;
}
private void Awake() {
mainCamera = GameObject.Find("Main Camera").GetComponent<Camera>();
canvasRect = transform.root.GetComponent<RectTransform>();
}
private Vector2 ConvertEventDataDrag(PointerEventData eventData) {
return new Vector2(eventData.position.x / mainCamera.pixelWidth * canvasRect.rect.width, eventData.position.y / mainCamera.pixelHeight * canvasRect.rect.height);
}
private Vector2 ConvertEventDataScroll(PointerEventData eventData) {
return new Vector2(eventData.scrollDelta.x / mainCamera.pixelWidth * canvasRect.rect.width, eventData.scrollDelta.y / mainCamera.pixelHeight * canvasRect.rect.height) * scrollSensitivity;
}
public void OnPointerDown(PointerEventData eventData) {
velocity = 0;
dragCoordinates.Clear();
offsets.Clear();
dragCoordinates.Add(ConvertEventDataDrag(eventData));
}
public void OnScroll(PointerEventData eventData) {
UpdateOffsetsScroll(ConvertEventDataScroll(eventData));
OffsetContent(offsets[offsets.Count - 1]);
}
public void OnDrag(PointerEventData eventData) {
dragCoordinates.Add(ConvertEventDataDrag(eventData));
UpdateOffsetsDrag();
OffsetContent(offsets[offsets.Count - 1]);
}
public void OnPointerUp(PointerEventData eventData) {
dragCoordinates.Add(ConvertEventDataDrag(eventData));
UpdateOffsetsDrag();
OffsetContent(offsets[offsets.Count - 1]);
float totalOffsets = 0;
foreach (float offset in offsets) {
totalOffsets += offset;
}
velocity = totalOffsets / offsetsAveraged;
dragCoordinates.Clear();
offsets.Clear();
}
private void OffsetContent(float givenOffset) {
float newY = Mathf.Max(0, Mathf.Min(CaculateDeltaSize(), content.transform.localPosition.y + givenOffset));
if (content.transform.localPosition.y != newY) {
content.transform.localPosition = new Vector3(content.transform.localPosition.x, newY, content.transform.localPosition.z);
}
onValueChanged.Invoke();
}
private void UpdateOffsetsDrag() {
offsets.Add(dragCoordinates[dragCoordinates.Count - 1].y - dragCoordinates[dragCoordinates.Count - 2].y);
if (offsets.Count > offsetsAveraged) {
offsets.RemoveAt(0);
}
}
private void UpdateOffsetsScroll(Vector2 givenScrollDelta) {
offsets.Add(givenScrollDelta.y);
if (offsets.Count > offsetsAveraged) {
offsets.RemoveAt(0);
}
}
private void LateUpdate() {
if (viewport.rect != viewportOld) {
changesMade = true;
viewportOld = new Rect(viewport.rect);
}
if (content.rect != contentOld) {
changesMade = true;
contentOld = new Rect(content.rect);
}
if (velocity != 0) {
changesMade = true;
velocity = (velocity / Mathf.Abs(velocity)) * Mathf.FloorToInt(Mathf.Abs(velocity) * (1 - decelration));
offset = velocity;
}
if (changesMade) {
OffsetContent(offset);
changesMade = false;
offset = 0;
}
}
}
答案 1 :(得分:1)