我在OpenCV中学习过滤器,但对拉普拉斯过滤器有点困惑。我的结果与OpenCV lib中的Laplacian过滤器非常不同。
首先,我对图像使用高斯滤波器:
Mat filtroGauss(Mat src){
Mat gauss = src.clone();
Mat temp(src.rows+2,src.cols+2,DataType<uchar>::type);
int y,x;
for (y=0; y<src.rows; y++){
for (x=0; x<src.cols; x++) temp.at<uchar>(y+1,x+1) = src.at<uchar>(y,x);
}
int mask[lenMask*lenMask];
mask[0] = mask[2] = mask[6] = mask[8] = 1;
mask[1] = mask[3] = mask[5] = mask[7] = 2;
mask[4] = 4;
int denominatore = 0;
for (int i=0; i<lenMask*lenMask; i++) denominatore += mask[i];
int value[lenMask*lenMask];
for(y=0; y<src.rows; y++){
for (x=0; x<src.cols; x++){
value[0] = temp.at<uchar>(y-1,x-1)*mask[0];
value[1] = temp.at<uchar>(y-1,x)*mask[1];
value[2] = temp.at<uchar>(y-1,x+1)*mask[2];
value[3] = temp.at<uchar>(y,x-1)*mask[3];
value[4] = temp.at<uchar>(y,x)*mask[4];
value[5] = temp.at<uchar>(y,x+1)*mask[5];
value[6] = temp.at<uchar>(y+1,x-1)*mask[6];
value[7] = temp.at<uchar>(y+1,x)*mask[7];
value[8] = temp.at<uchar>(y+1,x+1)*mask[8];
int avg = 0;
for(int i=0; i<lenMask*lenMask; i++)avg+=value[i];
avg = avg/denominatore;
gauss.at<uchar>(y,x) = avg;
}
}
return gauss;
}
然后我使用拉普拉斯函数:
L(y,x) = f(y-1,x) + f(y+1,x) + f(y,x-1) + f(y,x+1) + 4*f(y,x)
Mat filtroLaplace(Mat src){
Mat output = src.clone();
Mat temp = src.clone();
int y,x;
for (y =1; y<src.rows-1; y++){
for(x =1; x<src.cols-1; x++){
output.at<uchar>(y,x) = temp.at<uchar>(y-1,x) + temp.at<uchar>(y+1,x) + temp.at<uchar>(y,x-1) + temp.at<uchar>(y,x+1) -4*( temp.at<uchar>(y,x));
}
}
return output;
}
这是我的代码的最终结果:
OpenCV结果:
答案 0 :(得分:2)
让我们稍微重写一下函数,以便于讨论:
cv::Mat filtroLaplace(cv::Mat src)
{
cv::Mat output = src.clone();
for (int y = 1; y < src.rows - 1; y++) {
for (int x = 1; x < src.cols - 1; x++) {
int sum = src.at<uchar>(y - 1, x)
+ src.at<uchar>(y + 1, x)
+ src.at<uchar>(y, x - 1)
+ src.at<uchar>(y, x + 1)
- 4 * src.at<uchar>(y, x);
output.at<uchar>(y, x) = sum;
}
}
return output;
}
问题的根源是sum
。让我们通过以下两个极端来检查其在该算法范围内的范围:
255 + 255 + 255 + 255 - 4 * 0 = 1020
。0 + 0 + 0 + 0 - 4 * 255 = -1020
。执行output.at<uchar>(y, x) = sum;
时,会int
返回到unsigned char
的隐式转换–高阶位仅会被切掉并且值会溢出。
处理这种情况(OpenCV需要这种方法)的正确方法是在实际转换之前执行饱和。本质上
if (sum < 0) {
sum = 0;
} else if (sum > 255) {
sum = 255;
}
OpenCV提供功能cv::saturate_cast<T>
来完成此操作。
还有一个额外的问题,就是您不处理输入图像的边缘行/列,而只是将它们保留为原始值。既然您不是在问这个问题,那么我将作为读者的练习来解决。
代码:
cv::Mat filtroLaplace(cv::Mat src)
{
cv::Mat output = src.clone();
for (int y = 1; y < src.rows - 1; y++) {
for (int x = 1; x < src.cols - 1; x++) {
int sum = src.at<uchar>(y - 1, x)
+ src.at<uchar>(y + 1, x)
+ src.at<uchar>(y, x - 1)
+ src.at<uchar>(y, x + 1)
- 4 * src.at<uchar>(y, x);
output.at<uchar>(y, x) = cv::saturate_cast<uchar>(sum);
}
}
return output;
}