我是cpp的菜鸟,我想获得一些帮助,我想在包含这些对象列表的向量中选择最低值。选择聚合
class Label{
private:
std::string lbl;
int n;
public:
int getN() const { return this->n; }
std::string getlbl() const { return this->lbl; }
};
int main() {
std::vector<Label> my_vect = {
{"labl07", 0}, {"labl07", 0}, {"labl07", 0},
{"labl07", 0}, {"labl07", 0}, {"labl02", 232},
{"labl02", 232}, {"labl02", 233}, {"labl02", 234},
{"labl02", 230}, {"labl02", 233}, {"labl02", 234},
{"labl02", 229}, {"labl03", 379}, {"labl03", 377},
{"labl03", 379}, {"labl03", 381}, {"labl03", 380},
{"labl03", 377}, {"labl03", 381}, {"labl03", 372}
};
for(auto & v: my_vect)
{
cout <<"dis : "<< v.getlbl() <<" value " << v.getN() << endl;
}
return 0;
}
我希望这样做
dis : labl07 value 0
dis : labl02 value 229
dis : labl03 value 372
在下面的一些评论中,他们使用地图关联容器,我需要了解为什么使用向量容器。
答案 0 :(得分:4)
在这种情况下,请尝试使用关联的容器映射,因为使用向量会更加复杂。
string labelN;
string val;
int number;
map<string, int> values;
while (readingInput)
{
// input next line
fileInput >> labelN >> " ">> val>> "value " >> number;
if (number> values[val])
{
values[val] = number;
}
}
在阅读以下建议后。我已经编写了这段代码,除非有人编写出更好的代码,否则我认为它可以完成工作。因此,首先,您必须创建要添加到向量中的对象的构造函数。 其次,您必须添加一个函数,该函数将以聚合方式对向量进行排序,然后将结果插入到地图中。在代码的最后部分,我将结果推入矢量中,您可能会使用它。
#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include <string>
#include <map>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
class Label{
private:
std::string lbl;
int n;
public:
Label(std::string sp, int np): lbl(sp), n(np) {}
int getN() const { return this->n; }
std::string getlbl() const { return this->lbl; }
static bool sortByn( Label a, Label b )
{
if ( a.n < b.n ) return true;
if ( a.n == b.n && a.lbl < b.lbl ) return true;
return false;
}
};
int main() {
std::vector<Label> my_vect = {
{"labl07", 0}, {"labl07", 0}, {"labl07", 0},
{"labl07", 0}, {"labl07", 0}, {"labl02", 232},
{"labl02", 232}, {"labl02", 233}, {"labl02", 234},
{"labl02", 230}, {"labl02", 233}, {"labl02", 234},
{"labl02", 229}, {"labl03", 379}, {"labl03", 377},
{"labl03", 379}, {"labl03", 381}, {"labl03", 380},
{"labl03", 377}, {"labl03", 381}, {"labl03", 372}
};
for(auto & v: my_vect)
{
cout <<"dis : "<< v.getlbl() <<" value " << v.getN() << endl;
}
map<string,int> smallest;
string lbl;
int n;
for(auto & v: my_vect)
{
lbl = v.getlbl();
n = v.getN();
bool occurredBefore = smallest.count( lbl );
if ( occurredBefore )
{
if ( n < smallest[lbl] ) smallest[lbl] = n;
}
else
{
smallest[lbl] = n;
}
}
vector<Label> V;
for ( auto e : smallest ) V.push_back( { e.first, e.second } );
sort( V.begin(), V.end(), Label::sortByn );
for ( Label L : V ) cout << L.getlbl() << '\t' << L.getN() << '\n';
}
答案 1 :(得分:3)
如@Aconcagua所建议,您可以使用自定义比较器对向量进行排序,以对向量的值进行排序:
[](Label const& x, Label const& y) {
return ((x.getlbl() < y.getlbl()) ||
((x.getlbl() == y.getlbl()) && (x.getN() < y.getN()))); };
您还需要一个构造函数来构造将插入到向量中的对象:
Label(std::string label, int value) : lbl(label), n(value){}
,并且当您遍历所有值时,只要标签是另一个标签,就打印该元素。因此,代码如下所示:
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <algorithm>
class Label{
private:
std::string lbl;
int n;
public:
Label(std::string label, int value) : lbl(label), n(value){}
int getN() const { return this->n; }
std::string getlbl() const { return this->lbl; }
};
int main() {
std::vector<Label> my_vect = {
{"labl07", 0}, {"labl07", 0}, {"labl07", 0},
{"labl07", 0}, {"labl07", 0}, {"labl02", 232},
{"labl02", 232}, {"labl02", 233}, {"labl02", 234},
{"labl02", 230}, {"labl02", 233}, {"labl02", 234},
{"labl02", 229}, {"labl03", 379}, {"labl03", 377},
{"labl03", 379}, {"labl03", 381}, {"labl03", 380},
{"labl03", 377}, {"labl03", 381}, {"labl03", 372}
};
std::sort(my_vect.begin(), my_vect.end(), [](Label const& x, Label const& y) {
return ((x.getlbl() < y.getlbl()) || ((x.getlbl() == y.getlbl()) && (x.getN() < y.getN()))); });
std::string labelToPrint;
for(const auto& v: my_vect)
{
if (labelToPrint.compare(v.getlbl()) != 0)
{
std::cout <<"dis : "<< v.getlbl() <<" value " << v.getN() << std::endl;
labelToPrint = v.getlbl();
}
}
return 0;
}
答案 2 :(得分:1)
您可以使用多图进行此操作,请考虑以下示例(和注释)
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<map>
#include<vector>
#include<algorithm>
struct x{
std::string s_value;
int i_value;
};
int main() {
std::vector<x> v{
{"01", 11},
{"02", 9},
{"03", 27},
{"01", 3},
{"02", 7},
{"03", 34},
{"01", 2},
{"02", 6},
{"03", 11},
};
// get unique keys
std::vector<std::string> keys {};
for(auto& x_value: v){
// if key is not present in keys yet put it there
if(std::find(keys.begin(),keys.end(), x_value.s_value) == keys.end()){
keys.push_back(x_value.s_value);
}
}
std::multimap<std::string, int> mmap;
for(auto& x_value : v){
//put values from vector into multimap
mmap.insert( decltype(mmap)::value_type(x_value.s_value, x_value.i_value) );
}
for(auto& key : keys){
// for each value we expect to be in multimap get range of values
std::vector<int> values{};
auto range = mmap.equal_range(key);
// put vaules for range into vector
for(auto i = range.first; i!= range.second; ++i){
values.push_back(i->second);
}
// sort vector
std::sort(values.begin(), values.end());
// print the least value in range corresponding to key, if there was any
if(!values.empty()){
std::cout<<key<<" "<<values[0]<<std::endl;
}
}
return 0;
}
答案 3 :(得分:1)
尽管asdoud的answer在技术上是正确的(请参考编辑,修订版3),但它使用多个映射查找,可以通过以下变体避免这种情况:
for(auto & v: my_vect)
{
int n = v.getN();
// pre-C++11 variant:
//auto entry = smallest.insert(std::make_pair(v.getlbl(), n));
// since C++11:
auto entry = smallest.emplace(v.getlbl(), n);
if(!entry.second)
{
if(n < entry.first->second)
entry.first->second = n;
}
}
进一步的改进:字符串尚未复制,实际上是不必要的,因为映射的生存期不长于包含字符串的向量。因此,如果返回lbl
作为const引用,我们可以使用std::reference_wrapper<std::string>
作为映射键(甚至可以使用具有适当的自定义比较器的char const*
)。
答案 4 :(得分:0)
您可以使用range-v3库轻松完成此操作:
auto groups = my_vect | ranges::view::group_by(
[](const Label& l1, const Label& l2){ return l1.getlbl() == l2.getlbl(); });
for (const auto & group : groups) {
auto min = ranges::min(group,
[](const Label& l1, const Label& l2){ return l1.getN() < l2.getN(); });
std::cout << min.getlbl() << ": " << min.getN() << std::endl;
}
输出:
labl07: 0
labl02: 229
labl03: 372
请注意,为了获得更高的性能,getlbl()
应该通过const引用返回。