我在项目中使用的是AndroidJUnitRunner,但是单元测试在Android Studio中以及通过gradlew
从命令行在设备和仿真器上执行的过程非常缓慢。
我正在使用此开源项目OneBusAway(截至this commit起)的主分支: https://github.com/OneBusAway/onebusaway-android
我看到所有142个测试的执行时间实际经过的时间超过3分钟,但是Android在“测试结果”下显示的执行时间中仅记录了其中的一小部分。在切换到AndroidJUnitRunner之前,所有这些单元测试都会在20秒内持续执行。
这是示例测试的样子:
/**
* Tests to evaluate utility methods related to math conversions
*/
@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
public class MathUtilTest {
@Test
public void testOrientationToDirection() {
// East
double direction = MathUtils.toDirection(0);
assertEquals(90.0, direction);
}
}
这是build.gradle
的配置:
android {
dexOptions {
preDexLibraries true
}
compileSdkVersion this.ext.compileSdkVersion
buildToolsVersion "27.0.3"
defaultConfig {
minSdkVersion 14
targetSdkVersion 21
versionCode 93
versionName "2.3.8"
multiDexEnabled true
testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
// The following argument makes the Android Test Orchestrator run its
// "pm clear" command after each test invocation. This command ensures
// that the app's state is completely cleared between tests.
testInstrumentationRunnerArguments clearPackageData: 'true'
}
...
testOptions {
execution 'ANDROID_TEST_ORCHESTRATOR'
unitTests.includeAndroidResources true
}
...
}
dependencies {
...
// Unit tests
androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test:runner:1.0.2'
androidTestUtil 'com.android.support.test:orchestrator:1.0.2'
...
}
为什么正在运行的单元测试这么慢?
答案 0 :(得分:3)
显然,速度下降与包含对Android Test Orchestrator的依赖有关,我不需要(即使我在需要Android上下文的设备上运行测试)。从现有文档中我还不清楚这些测试是否不需要Orchestrator。
我从build.gradle
中删除了以下几行,并且我通过Android Studio执行的总时间降到了约15秒范围内:
// The following argument makes the Android Test Orchestrator run its
// "pm clear" command after each test invocation. This command ensures
// that the app's state is completely cleared between tests.
testInstrumentationRunnerArguments clearPackageData: 'true'
...
execution 'ANDROID_TEST_ORCHESTRATOR'
...
androidTestUtil 'com.android.support.test:orchestrator:1.0.2'
这是新的build.gradle
,它可以在约15秒内执行测试:
android {
dexOptions {
preDexLibraries true
}
compileSdkVersion this.ext.compileSdkVersion
buildToolsVersion "27.0.3"
defaultConfig {
minSdkVersion 14
targetSdkVersion 21
versionCode 93
versionName "2.3.8"
multiDexEnabled true
testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
}
...
testOptions {
unitTests.includeAndroidResources true
}
...
}
...
dependencies {
...
// Unit tests
androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test:runner:1.0.2'
}
我以为testInstrumentationRunnerArguments clearPackageData: 'true'
可能是导致执行清除包数据的时间增加的罪魁祸首,但是仅删除该行并不能改变测试的总执行时间-我不得不完全删除Orchestrator依赖性。
以下是删除了Orchestrator的Github上的提交: https://github.com/OneBusAway/onebusaway-android/commit/a1657c443258ac49b1be83a75399cf2ced71080e