Question

我有一个dict如下：

strdirList = {'W':['WEST', 'WES', 'WE'], 'E': ['EAST', 'EA'], 'N':'NORTH', 
              'S':'SOUTH'}

根据这个词典，如果我有一个字符串，例如：

direction1 = 'WES EXAMPLE NORTH'
direction2 = 'EXAMPLE NORTH WES'

我想得到的回报是

nameString1 = 'EXAMPLE NORTH'
direction1 = 'W'
nameString2 = 'EXAMPLE WES'
direction2 = 'N'

我目前的代码如下：

for e in range(len(directionList)):
    word = list(strdirList.keys())
    for i in range(len(word)):
        for n in range(len(strdirList[word[i]])):
            if directionList[e] == strdirList[word[i]][n]:
                directionList[e] = \
                directionList[e].replace(strdirList[word[i]][n], word[i])

我当前的代码是不正常的，无法正常工作，是否有更好，更优雅的方法来解决问题？非常感谢！

更新：我想改变需要改变的第一个元素，并记录它的类，我该怎么办？

UPDATE2：我试着自己解决，但这不仅仅是改变第一个，代码如下：

for i in range(len(directionList)):
    for sdic in strdirList.keys():
        if directionList[i] in strdirList[sdic]:
            directionList[i] = sdic
            break
for item in directionList:
    if item in strdirList.keys():
        directionList.remove(item)
        direction = item
        break
else:
    direction = ''

UPDATE3：我现在有一种解决问题的方法，如下所示，但它适用于扁平字典：

def test(strdirList, direction):
    directionList = direction.split(' ')
    for i in range(len(directionList)):
        for sdic in strdirList.keys():
            if directionList[i] in strdirList[sdic]:
                directionList[i] = sdic
                return directionList
directionList = test(strdirList, direction)
for item in directionList:
    if item in strdirList.keys():
        directionList.remove(item)
        direction = item
        break
else:
    direction = ''

它现在对我有用，但如果有人有更优雅的方式，请在此写下你的答案！

Answer 1

您可以使用re.sub：

import re
strdirList = {'W':['WEST', 'WES', 'WE'], 'E': ['EAST', 'EA'], 'N':'NORTH', 
          'S':'SOUTH'}

direction = 'WES EXAMPLE NORTH'
new_direction = re.sub('\w+', lambda x:(lambda c:x.group() if not c else c[0])([a for a, b in strdirList.items() if x.group() in b]), direction)

输出：

'W EXAMPLE N'

编辑：

def get_direction(direction):
   flag = False
   for i in direction.split():
     if any(i in c for c in strdirList.values()) and not flag:
       yield [a for a, b in strdirList.items() if i in b][0]
       flag = True
     else:
       yield i

direction = ['WES EXAMPLE NORTH', 'EXAMPLE WES NORTH', 'EXAMPLE NORTH WES']
print(list(map(lambda x:' '.join(get_direction(x)), direction)))

输出：

['W EXAMPLE NORTH', 'EXAMPLE W NORTH', 'EXAMPLE N WES']

如何根据字典对字符串进行分类？

1 个答案: