Heroku迁移失败UndefinedTable错误

时间:2018-06-15 15:32:42

标签: ruby-on-rails postgresql heroku rails-activerecord rails-migrations

我在开发和测试中使用sqlite并部署到在生产中使用Postgres的Heroku。我为'评论'创建了一个新模型。通过在终端中运行以下命令:

rails g model Review comment:text star:integer room:references reservation:references guest:references host:references type
rails g model GuestReview --parent=Review --migration=false
rails g model HostReview --parent=Review --migration=false
rails db:migrate

这是上述命令的输出:

$ rails g model Review comment:text star:integer room:references reservation:references guest:references host:references type
Running via Spring preloader in process 6862
  invoke  active_record
  create    db/migrate/20180613031058_create_reviews.rb
  create    app/models/review.rb
  invoke    test_unit
  create      test/models/review_test.rb
  create      test/fixtures/reviews.yml

$ rails g model GuestReview --parent=Review --migration=false
Running via Spring preloader in process 6872
  invoke  active_record
  create    app/models/guest_review.rb
  invoke    test_unit
  create      test/models/guest_review_test.rb
  create      test/fixtures/guest_reviews.yml

$ rails g model HostReview --parent=Review --migration=false
Running via Spring preloader in process 6880
  invoke  active_record
  create    app/models/host_review.rb
  invoke    test_unit
  create      test/models/host_review_test.rb
  create      test/fixtures/host_reviews.yml

$ rails db:migrate
== 20180613031058 CreateReviews: migrating 
====================================
-- create_table(:reviews)
-> 0.0806s
== 20180613031058 CreateReviews: migrated (0.0828s) 
===========================

该网站通常在localhost上开发,我可以在检查sqlite中的数据时正确保存评论。当我部署到Heroku并运行

heroku run rake db:migrate 

我收到以下错误:

rails aborted!
StandardError: An error has occurred, this and all later migrations canceled:

PG::UndefinedTable: ERROR:  relation "guests" does not exist
: CREATE TABLE "reviews" ("id" serial primary key, "comment" text, 
"star" integer DEFAULT 1, "room_id" integer, "reservation_id" integer, 
"guest_id" integer, "host_id" integer, "type" character varying, 
"created_at" timestamp NOT NULL, "updated_at" timestamp NOT NULL, 
CONSTRAINT "fk_rails_b98b7304fe"
FOREIGN KEY ("room_id")
  REFERENCES "rooms" ("id")
, CONSTRAINT "fk_rails_628a43e51f"
FOREIGN KEY ("reservation_id")
  REFERENCES "reservations" ("id")
, CONSTRAINT "fk_rails_eaa1ce2871"
FOREIGN KEY ("guest_id")
  REFERENCES "guests" ("id")
, CONSTRAINT "fk_rails_ac5cb4d097"
FOREIGN KEY ("host_id")
  REFERENCES "hosts" ("id")
)

以下是评论的迁移文件:

class CreateReviews < ActiveRecord::Migration[5.0]
  def change
    create_table :reviews do |t|
      t.text :comment
      t.integer :star, default: 1
      t.references :room, foreign_key: true
      t.references :reservation, foreign_key: true
      t.references :guest, foreign_key: true
      t.references :host, foreign_key: true
      t.string :type

      t.timestamps
    end
  end
end

以下是评论模型:

class Review < ApplicationRecord
end

以下是guest_review模型:

class GuestReview < Review
  belongs_to :guest, class_name: "User"
end

这是host_review模型:

class HostReview < Review
  belongs_to :host, class_name: "User"
end

似乎在Heroku Postgres上它正在寻找一个不存在的宾客桌。有没有办法解决此错误,以便它在我的开发环境和Heroku中正常运行?

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

在迁移中,t.references :guest, foreign_key: true执行两项操作:

  1. 它会创建一个名为bigint的整数(或guest_id,具体取决于您的Rails版本)。
  2. 它在数据库中添加了一个外键约束,从guest_id列到id表中的guests列。
  3. 但您尝试引用的表格是users(即User模型),而不是guests。由于名称不匹配,您必须调整t.references调用以告诉ActiveRecord引用哪个表:

    t.references :guest, foreign_key: { to_table: :users }
    

    同样适用于无法推断表名的任何其他t.references调用。

    一旦解决了您的问题,您应该在开发环境中安装PostgreSQL,以便在同一堆栈上进行开发,测试和部署。 ActiveRecord不提供超出最简单和最简单的事情的数据库可移植性,因此使用差异数据库进行开发和部署是灾难的一种方法。