我正在制作一个能够改变角度,填充颜色,线条颜色,线条粗细的矩形类。并且矩形将以这种方式呈现。我决定做一点检查。在检查过程中,我发现矩形渲染得太慢了。我可以看到它们从上到下呈现。可能是什么原因?
的gedit
import javax.swing.*;
public class GEdit {
public static void main(String[] args)
{
frame app = new frame();
app.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
app.setSize(1000,1000);
app.setVisible(true);
}
}
Figure.java
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.geom.Point2D;
public abstract class Figure
{
public static final int TOPLEFT = 0;
public static final int TOPCENTER = 1;
public static final int TOPRIGHT = 2;
public static final int CENTERLEFT = 3;
public static final int CENTER = 4;
public static final int CENTERRIGHT = 5;
public static final int BOTTOMLEFT = 6;
public static final int BOTTOMCENTER = 7;
public static final int BOTTOMRIGHT = 8;
private boolean fill_able;
private int fill_option;
private Color fill_color;
private int fill_transparency;
private Color line_color;
private float line_thickness;
private int line_transparency;
private int width;
private int height;
private float rotate_angle;
private boolean width_height_ratio_fixed;
private Point location;
private int base;
public Figure(boolean fill_able,
int fill_option,
Color fill_color,
int fill_transparency,
Color line_color,
float line_thickness,
int line_transparency,
int width, int height,
float rotate_angle,
boolean width_height_ratio_fixed,
int x, int y,
int base)
{
this.fill_able = fill_able;
this.fill_option = fill_option;
this.fill_color = fill_color;
this.fill_transparency = fill_transparency;
this.line_color = line_color;
this.line_thickness = line_thickness;
this.line_transparency = line_transparency;
this.width = width;
this.height = height;
this.rotate_angle = rotate_angle;
this.width_height_ratio_fixed = width_height_ratio_fixed;
this.location = new Point(x,y);
this.base = base;
}
public boolean is_fill_able()
{
return fill_able;
}
public int get_fill_option()
{
return fill_option;
}
public Color get_fill_color()
{
return fill_color;
}
public int get_fill_transparency()
{
return fill_transparency;
}
public Color get_line_color()
{
return line_color;
}
public float get_line_thickness()
{
return line_thickness;
}
public int get_line_transparency()
{
return line_transparency;
}
public int get_width()
{
return width;
}
public int get_height()
{
return height;
}
public float get_rotate_angle()
{
return rotate_angle;
}
public boolean is_width_height_ratio_fixed()
{
return width_height_ratio_fixed;
}
public Point get_location()
{
return location;
}
public Point get_render_location()
{
int x, y;
switch(base)
{
case TOPLEFT:
x = location.x;
y = location.y;
break;
case TOPCENTER:
x = location.x - (int)Math.round(width / 2);
y = location.y;
break;
case TOPRIGHT:
x = location.x - width;
y = location.y;
break;
case CENTERLEFT:
x = location.x;
y = location.y - (int)Math.round(height / 2);
break;
case CENTER:
x = location.x - (int)Math.round(width / 2);
y = location.y - (int)Math.round(height / 2);
break;
case CENTERRIGHT:
x = location.x - width;
y = location.y - (int)Math.round(height / 2);
break;
case BOTTOMLEFT:
x = location.x;
y = location.y - height;
break;
case BOTTOMCENTER:
x = location.x - (int)Math.round(width / 2);
y = location.y - height;
break;
case BOTTOMRIGHT:
x = location.x - width;
y = location.y - height;
break;
default:
x = 0; y = 0;
break;
}
return new Point(x, y);
}
public int get_base()
{
return base;
}
public void set_fill_option(int option)
{
this.fill_option = option;
}
public void set_fill_color(Color color)
{
this.fill_color = color;
}
public void set_fill_transparency(int transparency)
{
this.fill_transparency = transparency;
}
public void set_line_color(Color color)
{
this.line_color = color;
}
public void set_line_transparency(int transparency)
{
this.line_transparency = transparency;
}
public void set_width(int width)
{
if(this.width_height_ratio_fixed)
{
float ratio = this.height / this.width;
this.width = width;
this.height = (int)Math.round(width * ratio);
}
else { this.width = width;}
}
public void set_height(int height)
{
if(this.width_height_ratio_fixed)
{
float ratio = this.width / this.height;
this.height = height;
this.width = (int)Math.round(height * ratio);
}
else{ this.height = height;}
}
public void set_rotate_angle(float angle)
{
if(angle > 360)
{
this.rotate_angle = angle % 360;
}
else this.rotate_angle = angle;
}
public void set_location(int x, int y)
{
this.location.setLocation(x, y);
}
public void set_location(Point location)
{
this.location = location;
}
public void set_base(int base)
{
this.base = base;
}
abstract public void render(Graphics2D g);
}
Rectangle.java
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.geom.*;
public class Rectangle extends Figure {
public Rectangle(Color fill_color, Color line_color, float line_thickness, int width, int height, int x, int y)
{
super(true,
0,
fill_color,
255,
line_color,
line_thickness,
255,
width, height,
0,
false,
x, y,
TOPLEFT);
}
public void render(Graphics2D g)
{
Rectangle2D rectangle = new Rectangle2D.Float(get_width(),get_height(),get_render_location().x,get_render_location().y);
g.rotate(Math.toRadians(get_rotate_angle()),rectangle.getCenterX(),rectangle.getCenterY());
if(is_fill_able())
{
Color color = new Color(
get_fill_color().getRed(),
get_fill_color().getGreen(),
get_fill_color().getBlue(),
get_fill_transparency());
g.setColor(color);
g.fill(rectangle);
}
Stroke old_stroke = g.getStroke();
g.setStroke(new BasicStroke(get_line_thickness()));
Color line_color = new Color(
get_line_color().getRed(),
get_line_color().getGreen(),
get_line_color().getBlue(),
get_line_transparency());
g.setColor(line_color);
g.draw(rectangle);
g.setStroke(old_stroke);
g.rotate(Math.toRadians(get_rotate_angle() * -1),rectangle.getCenterX(),rectangle.getCenterY());
}
}
frame.java
import javax.print.DocFlavor;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import java.awt.*;
import java.util.Random;
public class frame extends JFrame{
public frame()
{
super("test");
}
@Override
public void paint(Graphics g) {
Graphics2D graphics2D = (Graphics2D)g;
RenderingHints renderingHints1 = new RenderingHints(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING,
RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
RenderingHints renderingHints2 = new RenderingHints(RenderingHints.KEY_RENDERING,
RenderingHints.VALUE_RENDER_QUALITY);
graphics2D.setRenderingHints(renderingHints1);
graphics2D.setRenderingHints(renderingHints2);
Random random = new Random();
g.setColor(Color.WHITE);
g.fillRect(0,0,1000,1000);
for(int i =0;i < 10; i++)
{
Rectangle rectangle = new Rectangle(Color.CYAN,Color.BLACK,random.nextInt(10),random.nextInt(1000),random.nextInt(1000),random.nextInt(300),random.nextInt(300));
rectangle.set_fill_transparency(random.nextInt(255));
rectangle.set_rotate_angle(random.nextInt(180));
rectangle.render(graphics2D);
}
}
}
答案 0 :(得分:1)
你正在重写方法paint
,这通常是一个坏主意。
你也在计算油漆期间所需的所有信息,这是另一个坏主意:它们应该在之前计算出来。如果您需要4x10随机数,可以在绘制之前计算它们并将40个数字存储在int []数组中。
正如有人提到的那样,您应该使用JPanel
和方法paintComponent
。
以下链接可能对您有意义: http://www.billharlan.com/papers/Improving_Swing_Performance.html
答案 1 :(得分:1)
JFrame
这样的顶级容器的绘制,从JPanel
开始并覆盖它的paintComponent
方法 - 这样你就可以获得双缓冲免费。 paint
方法之外执行某些操作(设置属性),只关注在paint
方法内部绘制rotate
和translate
)正在复合,这意味着它们会影响它们之后绘制的所有内容。您需要事先拍摄Graphics
上下文的快照,并在完成后拍摄dispose
,或者反转转换。您可以查看Performing Custom Painting和Painting in AWT and Swing,了解有关绘画在Swing中如何运作的详细信息。
在不更改任何内容的情况下,除了使用JPanel
和paintComponent
之外,其他功能正常。
我甚至投掷了一个Swing Timer
并以每秒25fps的速度重新粉刷了面板而没有问题。只是为了好玩,我将它设置为200fps而没有问题
import java.awt.BasicStroke;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.Point;
import java.awt.RenderingHints;
import java.awt.Stroke;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.geom.Rectangle2D;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.Timer;
import javax.swing.UIManager;
import javax.swing.UnsupportedLookAndFeelException;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Test();
}
public Test() {
EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
UIManager.setLookAndFeel(UIManager.getSystemLookAndFeelClassName());
} catch (ClassNotFoundException | InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | UnsupportedLookAndFeelException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
JFrame frame = new JFrame("Testing");
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.add(new TestPane());
frame.pack();
frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
});
}
public class TestPane extends JPanel {
private Random random = new Random();
public TestPane() {
Timer timer = new Timer(40, new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
repaint();
}
});
timer.start();
}
@Override
public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
return new Dimension(300, 300);
}
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);
Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g.create();
RenderingHints renderingHints1 = new RenderingHints(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING,
RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
RenderingHints renderingHints2 = new RenderingHints(RenderingHints.KEY_RENDERING,
RenderingHints.VALUE_RENDER_QUALITY);
g2d.setRenderingHints(renderingHints1);
g2d.setRenderingHints(renderingHints2);
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
Rectangle rectangle = new Rectangle(Color.CYAN,
Color.BLACK,
random.nextInt(10),
random.nextInt(200),
random.nextInt(200),
random.nextInt(200), random.nextInt(200));
rectangle.set_fill_transparency(random.nextInt(255));
rectangle.set_rotate_angle(random.nextInt(180));
Graphics2D iDontTrustYou = (Graphics2D) g2d.create();
rectangle.render(iDontTrustYou);
iDontTrustYou.dispose();
}
g2d.dispose();
}
}
public abstract class Figure {
public static final int TOPLEFT = 0;
public static final int TOPCENTER = 1;
public static final int TOPRIGHT = 2;
public static final int CENTERLEFT = 3;
public static final int CENTER = 4;
public static final int CENTERRIGHT = 5;
public static final int BOTTOMLEFT = 6;
public static final int BOTTOMCENTER = 7;
public static final int BOTTOMRIGHT = 8;
private boolean fill_able;
private int fill_option;
private Color fill_color;
private int fill_transparency;
private Color line_color;
private float line_thickness;
private int line_transparency;
private int width;
private int height;
private float rotate_angle;
private boolean width_height_ratio_fixed;
private Point location;
private int base;
public Figure(boolean fill_able,
int fill_option,
Color fill_color,
int fill_transparency,
Color line_color,
float line_thickness,
int line_transparency,
int width, int height,
float rotate_angle,
boolean width_height_ratio_fixed,
int x, int y,
int base) {
this.fill_able = fill_able;
this.fill_option = fill_option;
this.fill_color = fill_color;
this.fill_transparency = fill_transparency;
this.line_color = line_color;
this.line_thickness = line_thickness;
this.line_transparency = line_transparency;
this.width = width;
this.height = height;
this.rotate_angle = rotate_angle;
this.width_height_ratio_fixed = width_height_ratio_fixed;
this.location = new Point(x, y);
this.base = base;
}
public boolean is_fill_able() {
return fill_able;
}
public int get_fill_option() {
return fill_option;
}
public Color get_fill_color() {
return fill_color;
}
public int get_fill_transparency() {
return fill_transparency;
}
public Color get_line_color() {
return line_color;
}
public float get_line_thickness() {
return line_thickness;
}
public int get_line_transparency() {
return line_transparency;
}
public int get_width() {
return width;
}
public int get_height() {
return height;
}
public float get_rotate_angle() {
return rotate_angle;
}
public boolean is_width_height_ratio_fixed() {
return width_height_ratio_fixed;
}
public Point get_location() {
return location;
}
public Point get_render_location() {
int x, y;
switch (base) {
case TOPLEFT:
x = location.x;
y = location.y;
break;
case TOPCENTER:
x = location.x - (int) Math.round(width / 2);
y = location.y;
break;
case TOPRIGHT:
x = location.x - width;
y = location.y;
break;
case CENTERLEFT:
x = location.x;
y = location.y - (int) Math.round(height / 2);
break;
case CENTER:
x = location.x - (int) Math.round(width / 2);
y = location.y - (int) Math.round(height / 2);
break;
case CENTERRIGHT:
x = location.x - width;
y = location.y - (int) Math.round(height / 2);
break;
case BOTTOMLEFT:
x = location.x;
y = location.y - height;
break;
case BOTTOMCENTER:
x = location.x - (int) Math.round(width / 2);
y = location.y - height;
break;
case BOTTOMRIGHT:
x = location.x - width;
y = location.y - height;
break;
default:
x = 0;
y = 0;
break;
}
return new Point(x, y);
}
public int get_base() {
return base;
}
public void set_fill_option(int option) {
this.fill_option = option;
}
public void set_fill_color(Color color) {
this.fill_color = color;
}
public void set_fill_transparency(int transparency) {
this.fill_transparency = transparency;
}
public void set_line_color(Color color) {
this.line_color = color;
}
public void set_line_transparency(int transparency) {
this.line_transparency = transparency;
}
public void set_width(int width) {
if (this.width_height_ratio_fixed) {
float ratio = this.height / this.width;
this.width = width;
this.height = (int) Math.round(width * ratio);
} else {
this.width = width;
}
}
public void set_height(int height) {
if (this.width_height_ratio_fixed) {
float ratio = this.width / this.height;
this.height = height;
this.width = (int) Math.round(height * ratio);
} else {
this.height = height;
}
}
public void set_rotate_angle(float angle) {
if (angle > 360) {
this.rotate_angle = angle % 360;
} else {
this.rotate_angle = angle;
}
}
public void set_location(int x, int y) {
this.location.setLocation(x, y);
}
public void set_location(Point location) {
this.location = location;
}
public void set_base(int base) {
this.base = base;
}
abstract public void render(Graphics2D g);
}
public class Rectangle extends Figure {
public Rectangle(Color fill_color, Color line_color, float line_thickness, int width, int height, int x, int y) {
super(true,
0,
fill_color,
255,
line_color,
line_thickness,
255,
width, height,
0,
false,
x, y,
TOPLEFT);
}
public void render(Graphics2D g) {
Rectangle2D rectangle = new Rectangle2D.Float(get_width(), get_height(), get_render_location().x, get_render_location().y);
g.rotate(Math.toRadians(get_rotate_angle()), rectangle.getCenterX(), rectangle.getCenterY());
if (is_fill_able()) {
Color color = new Color(
get_fill_color().getRed(),
get_fill_color().getGreen(),
get_fill_color().getBlue(),
get_fill_transparency());
g.setColor(color);
g.fill(rectangle);
}
Stroke old_stroke = g.getStroke();
g.setStroke(new BasicStroke(get_line_thickness()));
Color line_color = new Color(
get_line_color().getRed(),
get_line_color().getGreen(),
get_line_color().getBlue(),
get_line_transparency());
g.setColor(line_color);
g.draw(rectangle);
g.setStroke(old_stroke);
g.rotate(Math.toRadians(get_rotate_angle() * -1), rectangle.getCenterX(), rectangle.getCenterY());
}
}
}
稍微优化的版本可能看起来像......
public class TestPane extends JPanel {
private Random random = new Random();
private List<Rectangle> rectangles = new ArrayList<>(25);
public TestPane() {
for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
Rectangle rectangle = new Rectangle(Color.CYAN,
Color.BLACK,
random.nextInt(10),
random.nextInt(200),
random.nextInt(200),
random.nextInt(200), random.nextInt(200));
rectangle.set_fill_transparency(random.nextInt(255));
rectangle.set_rotate_angle(random.nextInt(180));
rectangles.add(rectangle);
}
Timer timer = new Timer(5, new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
for (Rectangle rectangle : rectangles) {
rectangle.set_height(random.nextInt(200));
rectangle.set_width(random.nextInt(200));
rectangle.set_location(random.nextInt(200), random.nextInt(200));
rectangle.set_fill_transparency(random.nextInt(255));
rectangle.set_rotate_angle(random.nextInt(180));
}
repaint();
}
});
timer.start();
}
@Override
public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
return new Dimension(300, 300);
}
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);
Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g.create();
RenderingHints renderingHints1 = new RenderingHints(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING,
RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
RenderingHints renderingHints2 = new RenderingHints(RenderingHints.KEY_RENDERING,
RenderingHints.VALUE_RENDER_QUALITY);
g2d.setRenderingHints(renderingHints1);
g2d.setRenderingHints(renderingHints2);
for (Rectangle rectangle : rectangles) {
Graphics2D iDontTrustYou = (Graphics2D) g2d.create();
rectangle.render(iDontTrustYou);
iDontTrustYou.dispose();
}
g2d.dispose();
}
}
如果您仍然发现效果不符合您的要求,您可以考虑查看BufferStrategy
,这样可以完全控制绘画过程