Question

我在一个使用MatplotLib绘制和保存简单图形的项目中工作。但自上次更新Windows以来，如果我使用Latex格式的文本，我无法以pdf格式保存图片。请参阅下面的Spyder绘图试验：

import numpy as np
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt

# Data for plot
step = 0.001
x = np.arange(0, 2 + step, step)
y = x*x*np.cos(10*x)

plt.rc('text', usetex=True)
plt.rc('font', family='serif')

plt.figure(figsize=(19.2, 10.8))
plt.plot(x, y, lw=2)
plt.title(r'Function $f(x) = x^2 \cos(10x)$')
plt.savefig('plot.pdf', bbox_inches='tight')
plt.show()
plt.close()

此代码生成以下错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):

  File "<ipython-input-25-375950fa7d9a>", line 1, in <module>
    runfile('C:/Users/Fábio/Desktop/plotter.py', wdir='C:/Users/Fábio/Desktop')

  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\spyder\utils\site\sitecustomize.py", line 705, in runfile
    execfile(filename, namespace)

  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\spyder\utils\site\sitecustomize.py", line 102, in execfile
    exec(compile(f.read(), filename, 'exec'), namespace)

  File "C:/Users/Fábio/Desktop/plotter.py", line 15, in <module>
    plt.savefig('plot.pdf', bbox_inches='tight')

  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\pyplot.py", line 701, in savefig
    res = fig.savefig(*args, **kwargs)

  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\figure.py", line 1834, in savefig
    self.canvas.print_figure(fname, **kwargs)

  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\backend_bases.py", line 2216, in print_figure
    **kwargs)

  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\backends\backend_pdf.py", line 2592, in print_pdf
    self.figure.draw(renderer)

  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\artist.py", line 55, in draw_wrapper
    return draw(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)

  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\figure.py", line 1299, in draw
    renderer, self, artists, self.suppressComposite)

  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\image.py", line 138, in _draw_list_compositing_images
    a.draw(renderer)

  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\artist.py", line 55, in draw_wrapper
    return draw(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)

  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axes\_base.py", line 2437, in draw
    mimage._draw_list_compositing_images(renderer, self, artists)

  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\image.py", line 138, in _draw_list_compositing_images
    a.draw(renderer)

  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\artist.py", line 55, in draw_wrapper
    return draw(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)

  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axis.py", line 1138, in draw
    tick.draw(renderer)

  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\artist.py", line 55, in draw_wrapper
    return draw(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)

  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axis.py", line 282, in draw
    self.label1.draw(renderer)

  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\artist.py", line 55, in draw_wrapper
    return draw(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)

  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\text.py", line 762, in draw
    mtext=mtext)

  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\backends\backend_pdf.py", line 1944, in draw_tex
    pdfname = self.file.dviFontName(dvifont)

  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\backends\backend_pdf.py", line 688, in dviFontName
    psfont = self.texFontMap[dvifont.texname]

  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\backends\backend_pdf.py", line 673, in texFontMap
    dviread.find_tex_file('pdftex.map'))

  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\dviread.py", line 1057, in find_tex_file
    return result.decode('ascii')

UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xc3 in position 10: ordinal not in range(128)

上面的代码没有任何问题，可以用不同的格式保存（.png和.eps，例如）但是崩溃了.pdf。在更新Windows并使用相同的Latex和Python配置之前，此保存功能非常适合在.pdf中保存。

所以我请你帮我解决这个问题，如果可能的话。

Ps。：作为示例的代码在Spyder 3.2.6中使用Python 3.6.4进行了测试。使用的Latex工作区包含Miktex的基础包，可以完美地保存.pdf中的doc或.pdf中转换.png / .eps数据

不用多说，我非常感谢你的关注。

Answer 1

最有可能是由于Windows用户名文件夹中包含国家/地区特定字符（á）。

import Vue from 'vue' import Vuex from 'vuex' Vue.use(Vuex) export default new Vuex.Store({ state: { colors: { blue: '#1f96ff', green: '#0DAA54', orange: '#F49D3A', red: '#FF2833', purple: '#5E57BA', pink: '#B539AC' }, priorities: [ { id: 1, name: 'Low', value: 10, color: THIS SHOUD LINK TO colors.green }, { id: 2, name: 'Medium', value: 20, color: THIS SHOUD LINK TO colors.orange }, { id: 3, name: 'High', value: 30, color: THIS SHOUD LINK TO colors.red } } }无法对此进行解码，并且不会为您的return result.decode('ascii')生成有效路径，该路径包含matlibplot生成乳胶字体所需的所有信息。

通过将matlibplot库中的.tfm-files文件更改为divread.py，应该可以解决此问题。我不知道这是否会破坏其他任何依赖关系，但对我来说效果很好。

我无法使用Matplotlib以pdf格式保存图表

1 个答案: