用Python调用DLL函数时的ctypes.ArgumentError

时间:2018-05-14 07:28:26

标签: python c++ dll ctypes

我正在使用ctypes根据描述DLL函数参数和返回的描述文件调用DLL文件中的函数。这个DLL中有一个名为InitNetwork的函数。以下是其描述:

EmptyUserNamePassword()

我在Python中所做的是这样的:

Function:BOOL InitNetwork(char  LocalIP[],char  ServerIP[],int  LocalDeviceID);
Arguments:LocalIP
           ServerIP
           LocalDeviceID
Return:Success:TRUE;
        Faile:FALSE;

在此之后,我尝试:

from ctypes import *
import os

#Load Dll:
cppdll = CDLL("C:\\VS_projects\\MusicServer_Flask\\NetServerInterface.dll")

#Get the function:
initnetwork = getattr(cppdll, "?InitNetwork@@YAHQAD0H@Z")  # The function can be successfully accessed.

#specify arguments' types:
initnetwork.argtypes = [c_char_p,c_char_p,c_int]

收到错误:

initnetwork("192.168.1.103", "192.168.1.103", 1111)

如果我试试这个:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ctypes.ArgumentError: argument 1: <class 'TypeError'>: wrong type

我会得到:

initnetwork(LocalIP = "192.168.1.103", ServerIP = "192.168.1.103", LocalDeviceID = 1111)

为什么会出现这些错误?如何成功调用此函数?任何建议表示赞赏。谢谢你的关注!

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

ctypes 官方文档:[Python 3.5]: ctypes - A foreign function library for Python

创建一个虚拟的 .dll 来模仿你的行为。

dll.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <Windows.h>


__declspec(dllexport) BOOL InitNetwork(char LocalIP[], char ServerIP[], int LocalDeviceID) {
    printf("From C:\n\tLocalIP: [%s]\n\tServerIP: [%s]\n\tLocalDeviceID: %d\n", LocalIP, ServerIP, LocalDeviceID);
    return TRUE;
}

检查[SO]: How to compile a 64-bit dll written in C? (@CristiFati's answer)以获取有关如何构建它的详细信息(采取完全相同的步骤,在这种情况下命令为:cl /nologo /LD /DWIN64 /DWIN32 /Tp dll.c /link /OUT:NetServerInterface.dll)。

(主要)问题是在 Python3 中,char*不再映射到字符串,而是映射到字节对象

code.py

import sys
import ctypes
from ctypes import wintypes


FILE_NAME = "NetServerInterface.dll"
FUNC_NAME = "?InitNetwork@@YAHQEAD0H@Z"  # Name different than yours: if func was declared as `extern "C"`, the "normal" name would be required


def main():
    net_server_interface_dll = ctypes.CDLL(FILE_NAME)
    init_network = getattr(net_server_interface_dll, FUNC_NAME)

    init_network.argtypes = [ctypes.c_char_p, ctypes.c_char_p, ctypes.c_int]
    init_network.restype = wintypes.BOOL

    init_network(b"192.168.1.103", b"192.168.1.103", 1111)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    print("Python {:s} on {:s}\n".format(sys.version, sys.platform))
    main()

<强>输出

(py35x64_test) e:\Work\Dev\StackOverflow\q050325050>"e:\Work\Dev\VEnvs\py35x64_test\Scripts\python.exe" code.py
Python 3.5.4 (v3.5.4:3f56838, Aug  8 2017, 02:17:05) [MSC v.1900 64 bit (AMD64)] on win32

From C:
        LocalIP: [192.168.1.103]
        ServerIP: [192.168.1.103]
        LocalDeviceID: 1111

答案 1 :(得分:1)

我认为问题出在您的C ++界面中。我想如果你把它改成Function:BOOL InitNetwork(char * LocalIP,char * ServerIP,int LocalDeviceID);

你的第一个电话(没有关键字)应该有效,但我认为你可能需要删除最后一个参数的引号(毕竟它是一个int)。