每当我尝试将软件包安装到rstudio时，我总会收到类似这样的错误消息：
install.packages('MARSS')
Installing package into ‘/home/robert/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.2’
(as ‘lib’ is unspecified)
also installing the dependency ‘KFAS’
--2018-04-27 15:03:51-- https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/KFAS_1.3.1.tar.gz
Resolving cran.rstudio.com (cran.rstudio.com)... 52.84.28.162
Connecting to cran.rstudio.com (cran.rstudio.com)|52.84.28.162|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 626101 (611K) [application/x-gzip]
Saving to: ‘/tmp/RtmpnXKPTc/downloaded_packages/KFAS_1.3.1.tar.gz’
0K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 8% 2.42M 0s
50K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 16% 2.50M 0s
100K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 24% 2.43M 0s
150K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 32% 2.52M 0s
200K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 40% 2.47M 0s
250K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 49% 2.35M 0s
300K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 57% 2.65M 0s
350K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 65% 1.94M 0s
400K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 73% 2.55M 0s
450K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 81% 2.53M 0s
500K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 89% 2.62M 0s
550K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 98% 2.66M 0s
600K .......... . 100% 7.47M=0.2s
2018-04-27 15:03:51 (2.48 MB/s) - ‘/tmp/RtmpnXKPTc/downloaded_packages/KFAS_1.3.1.tar.gz’ saved [626101/626101]
--2018-04-27 15:03:51-- https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/MARSS_3.10.8.tar.gz
Resolving cran.rstudio.com (cran.rstudio.com)... 52.84.28.162
Connecting to cran.rstudio.com (cran.rstudio.com)|52.84.28.162|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 2717348 (2.6M) [application/x-gzip]
Saving to: ‘/tmp/RtmpnXKPTc/downloaded_packages/MARSS_3.10.8.tar.gz’
0K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 1% 2.42M 1s
50K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 3% 2.57M 1s
100K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 5% 2.51M 1s
150K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 7% 2.56M 1s
200K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 9% 2.57M 1s
250K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 11% 2.56M 1s
300K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 13% 2.30M 1s
350K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 15% 1.86M 1s
400K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 16% 2.51M 1s
450K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 18% 2.61M 1s
500K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 20% 2.58M 1s
550K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 22% 2.35M 1s
600K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 24% 2.52M 1s
650K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 26% 2.57M 1s
700K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 28% 2.44M 1s
750K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 30% 1.95M 1s
800K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 32% 2.60M 1s
850K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 33% 2.32M 1s
900K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 35% 2.44M 1s
950K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 37% 2.48M 1s
1000K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 39% 2.41M 1s
1050K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 41% 2.55M 1s
1100K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 43% 2.34M 1s
1150K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 45% 1.91M 1s
1200K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 47% 2.69M 1s
1250K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 48% 2.66M 1s
1300K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 50% 2.39M 1s
1350K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 52% 2.35M 1s
1400K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 54% 2.53M 0s
1450K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 56% 2.51M 0s
1500K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 58% 2.55M 0s
1550K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 60% 1.91M 0s
1600K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 62% 2.44M 0s
1650K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 64% 2.44M 0s
1700K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 65% 2.62M 0s
1750K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 67% 2.29M 0s
1800K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 69% 2.56M 0s
1850K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 71% 618K 0s
1900K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 73% 8.96M 0s
1950K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 75% 1.44M 0s
2000K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 77% 8.95M 0s
2050K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 79% 149M 0s
2100K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 81% 3.60M 0s
2150K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 82% 2.19M 0s
2200K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 84% 1.65M 0s
2250K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 86% 2.13M 0s
2300K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 88% 2.10M 0s
2350K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 90% 1.54M 0s
2400K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 92% 2.21M 0s
2450K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 94% 2.04M 0s
2500K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 96% 2.24M 0s
2550K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 97% 2.55M 0s
2600K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 99% 2.60M 0s
2650K ... 100% 6981G=1.1s
2018-04-27 15:03:53 (2.30 MB/s) - ‘/tmp/RtmpnXKPTc/downloaded_packages/MARSS_3.10.8.tar.gz’ saved [2717348/2717348]
* installing *source* package ‘KFAS’ ...
** package ‘KFAS’ successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
** libs
gfortran -fpic -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -c approx.f95 -o approx.o
gfortran -fpic -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -c approxloop.f95 -o approxloop.o
gfortran -fpic -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -c artransform.f95 -o artransform.o
gcc -std=gnu99 -I/usr/share/R/include -DNDEBUG -fpic -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g -c cdistwrap.c -o cdistwrap.o
gfortran -fpic -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -c covmeanw.f95 -o covmeanw.o
gfortran -fpic -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -c filter1step.f95 -o filter1step.o
gfortran -fpic -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -c filter1stepnovar.f95 -o filter1stepnovar.o
gfortran -fpic -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -c filtersimfast.f95 -o filtersimfast.o
gfortran -fpic -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -c gloglik.f95 -o gloglik.o
gfortran -fpic -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -c gsmoothall.f95 -o gsmoothall.o
gcc -std=gnu99 -I/usr/share/R/include -DNDEBUG -fpic -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g -c init.c -o init.o
gfortran -fpic -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -c isample.f95 -o isample.o
gfortran -fpic -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -c isamplefilter.f95 -o isamplefilter.o
gfortran -fpic -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -c kfilter.f95 -o kfilter.o
gfortran -fpic -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -c kfilter2.f95 -o kfilter2.o
gfortran -fpic -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -c kfstheta.f95 -o kfstheta.o
gfortran -fpic -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -c ldl.f95 -o ldl.o
gfortran -fpic -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -c ldlssm.f95 -o ldlssm.o
gfortran -fpic -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -c marginalxx.f95 -o marginalxx.o
gfortran -fpic -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -c mvfilter.f95 -o mvfilter.o
gfortran -fpic -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -c ngfilter.f95 -o ngfilter.o
gfortran -fpic -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -c ngloglik.f95 -o ngloglik.o
gfortran -fpic -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -c ngsmooth.f95 -o ngsmooth.o
gfortran -fpic -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -c predict.f95 -o predict.o
gfortran -fpic -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -c ptheta.f95 -o ptheta.o
gfortran -fpic -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -c pytheta.f95 -o pytheta.o
gfortran -fpic -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -c simfilter.f95 -o simfilter.o
gfortran -fpic -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -c simgaussian.f95 -o simgaussian.o
gfortran -fpic -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -c simgaussianuncond.f95 -o simgaussianuncond.o
gfortran -fpic -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -c smoothonestep.f95 -o smoothonestep.o
gfortran -fpic -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -c smoothsim.f95 -o smoothsim.o
gfortran -fpic -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -c smoothsimfast.f95 -o smoothsimfast.o
gfortran -shared -L/usr/lib/R/lib -Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -Wl,-z,relro -o KFAS.so approx.o approxloop.o artransform.o cdistwrap.o covmeanw.o filter1step.o filter1stepnovar.o filtersimfast.o gloglik.o gsmoothall.o init.o isample.o isamplefilter.o kfilter.o kfilter2.o kfstheta.o ldl.o ldlssm.o marginalxx.o mvfilter.o ngfilter.o ngloglik.o ngsmooth.o predict.o ptheta.o pytheta.o simfilter.o simgaussian.o simgaussianuncond.o smoothonestep.o smoothsim.o smoothsimfast.o -llapack -lblas -lgfortran -lm -lquadmath -L/usr/lib/R/lib -lR
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -llapack
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lblas
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
/usr/share/R/share/make/shlib.mk:6: recipe for target 'KFAS.so' failed
make: *** [KFAS.so] Error 1
ERROR: compilation failed for package ‘KFAS’
* removing ‘/home/robert/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.2/KFAS’
Warning in install.packages :
installation of package ‘KFAS’ had non-zero exit status
ERROR: dependency ‘KFAS’ is not available for package ‘MARSS’
* removing ‘/home/robert/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.2/MARSS’
Warning in install.packages :
installation of package ‘MARSS’ had non-zero exit status
The downloaded source packages are in
‘/tmp/RtmpnXKPTc/downloaded_packages’
我已经尝试过在Stack-Exchange中找到的所有内容，但似乎没有任何工作。我在Linux Mint设备上，我从root运行Rstudio。我认为问题可能来自
/ usr / bin / ld：找不到-llapack
/ usr / bin / ld：找不到-lblas
在代码中间发生的部分，但它可能不是，我不知道如果它是如何解决它。要清楚的是，当我尝试安装其他软件包时会发生类似的情况，因此我认为问题必须来自我的Rstudio或Linux副本。
答案 0 :(得分：1)
评论中的讨论摘要：如果要从源代码安装软件包，则需要提供相关的开发软件包。在包含Ubuntu和Mint的Debian（派生）系统上，可以通过
安装一组必要的软件包。sudo apt-get install r-base-dev
对于单个包，可能需要其他开发包，但这不是这种情况。