Question

我有一个逗号分隔的CSV文件和标题，并希望将它们包含在表格中

输入：

header,word1,word2,word3
supercalifragi,black,white,red
adc,bad,cat,love

输出：

| header         | word1 | word2 | word3 |
| -------------- | ----- | ----- | ----- |
| supercalifragi | black | white | red   |
| adc            | bad   | cat   | love  |

我需要包含标题，我需要考虑输入文件中单词的长度，以便完成的表格正确格式化

以下是更新后的代码：

function pr(){
    for(i=1;i<=NF;i++)
        printf "| %-"len[i]+1"s",$i;
    printf "|\n"
}
NR==FNR{
    for(i=1;i<=NF;i++)
        if(len[i]<length($i)){
            len[i]=length($i);
            word[i]=$i
        }next 
}{pr()}
FNR==1{
    for(i=1;i<=NF;i++){
        gsub(/./,"-",word[i]);
        $i=word[i]};
    pr() 
}

``

Answer 1

我可以自由地从划痕中重写整个代码。这应该有效：

BEGIN {
    FS=","
    OFS=" | "
    for (i=1; i<=NF; i++) {
        transientLength[i] = 0
    }
}

{
    if(NR==1) {
    # read headers
        for (i=0; i<NF; i++) {
            headers[i] = $(i+1)
            transientLength[i] = (length($(i+1))>=transientLength[i] ? length($(i+1)) : transientLength[i])
        }
    } else {
        for (i=0; i<NF; i++) {
            fields[NR][i] = $(i+1)
            transientLength[i] = (length($(i+1))>=transientLength[i] ? length($(i+1)) : transientLength[i])
        }
    }
}

END {
    # print header
    for (j in headers) {
        spaceLength = transientLength[j]-length(headers[j])
        for (s=1;s<=spaceLength;s++) {
            spaces = spaces" "
        }
        if (!printable) printable = headers[j] spaces
        else printable = printable OFS headers[j] spaces
        spaces = ""     # garbage collection
    }
    printable = "| "printable" |"
    print printable
    printable = ""      # garbage collection
    # print alignments
    for (j in transientLength) {
        for (i=1;i<=transientLength[j];i++) {
            sep = sep"-"
        }
        if (!printable) printable = sep
        else printable = printable OFS sep
        sep = ""        # garbage collection
    }
    printable = "| "printable" |"
    print printable
    printable = ""      # garbage collection
    # print all rows
    for (f in fields) {
        for (j in fields[f]) {
            spaceLength = transientLength[j]-length(fields[f][j])
            for (s=1;s<=spaceLength;s++) {
                spaces = spaces" "
            }
            if (!printable) printable = fields[f][j] spaces
            else printable = printable OFS fields[f][j] spaces
            spaces = ""     # garbage collection
        }
        printable = "| "printable" |"
        print printable
        printable = ""      # garbage collection
    }

}

但请注意：您需要清理输入文件中不必要的空格。它应该是：

header,word1,word2,word3
supercalifragi,black,white,red
adc,bad,cat,love

或者，您可以使用FS=", "，但这实际上仅限于您的示例。

Answer 2

使用双重扫描的较短替代方案

$ awk -F' *, *' 'function pr() 
                 {for(i=1;i<=NF;i++) printf "| %-"len[i]+1"s",$i; printf "|\n"}

          NR==FNR{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++) 
                    if(len[i]<length($i)) {len[i]=length($i); word[i]=$i} next}

                 {pr()}

           FNR==1{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++) {gsub(/./,"-",word[i]); $i=word[i]}; pr()}'  file{,}

| header         | word1 | word2 | word3 |
| -------------- | ----- | ----- | ----- |
| supercalifragi | black | white | red   |
| adc            | bad   | cat   | love  |

Answer 3

你要求的输出不是完全，但也许这就是你真正需要的：

$ column -t -s, -o' | ' < file | awk '1; NR==1{gsub(/[^|]/,"-"); print}'
header         | word1 | word2 | word3
---------------|-------|-------|------
supercalifragi | black | white | red
adc            | bad   | cat   | love

使用awk从CSV文件创建表格

3 个答案: