考虑以下计划:
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <array>
bool greater_than_seven(int i) {
return i > 5;
}
bool divisible_by_five(int x) {
return ((x%5)==0);
}
int main() {
int arr[]{3,6,9,12,15};
std::cout<<"Enter a number you want to search: ";
int num;
std::cin>>num;
auto result(std::find(std::begin(arr),std::end(arr),num));
if(result != std::end(arr))
std::cout<<"arr contains: "<<num<<'\n';
else
std::cout<<"arr doesn't contain: "<<num<<'\n';
for(result=std::find_if(std::begin(arr),std::end(arr),greater_than_seven);result!=std::end(arr);++result)
std::cout<<*result<<' ';
std::cout<<'\n';
std::array<int,4> x{33,66,99,55};
for(result=std::find_if_not(std::begin(x),std::end(x),divisible_by_five);result!=std::end(x);++result)
std::cout<<*result<<'\n';
}
这个程序可以很好地编译g ++&amp;铛++
参见现场演示here(g ++ 5.4.0)
参见现场演示here(clang ++ 3.8.0)
但它在Microsoft Visual C ++编译器上提供了可怕的编译器错误。
查看实时演示here(适用于x64的Microsoft(R)C / C ++优化编译器版本19.00.23506)
Error(s):
source_file.cpp(27): error C2440: '=': cannot convert from 'std::_Array_iterator<_Ty,4>' to 'int *'
with
[
_Ty=int
]
source_file.cpp(27): note: No user-defined-conversion operator available that can perform this conversion, or the operator cannot be called
source_file.cpp(27): error C2679: binary '!=': no operator found which takes a right-hand operand of type 'std::_Array_iterator<_Ty,4>' (or there is no acceptable conversion)
with
[
_Ty=int
]
C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\VC\INCLUDE\exception(343): note: could be 'bool std::operator !=(const std::exception_ptr &,const std::exception_ptr &) throw()' [found using argument-dependent lookup]
C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\VC\INCLUDE\exception(348): note: or 'bool std::operator !=(std::nullptr_t,const std::exception_ptr &) throw()' [found using argument-dependent lookup]
C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\VC\INCLUDE\exception(353): note: or 'bool std::operator !=(const std::exception_ptr &,std::nullptr_t) throw()' [found using argument-dependent lookup]
C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\VC\INCLUDE\system_error(388): note: or 'bool std::operator !=(const std::error_code &,const std::error_code &) noexcept' [found using argument-dependent lookup]
C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\VC\INCLUDE\system_error(395): note: or 'bool std::operator !=(const std::error_code &,const std::error_condition &) noexcept' [found using argument-dependent lookup]
C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\VC\INCLUDE\system_error(402): note: or 'bool std::operator !=(const std::error_condition &,const std::error_code &) noexcept' [found using argument-dependent lookup]
C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\VC\INCLUDE\system_error(409): note: or 'bool std::operator !=(const std::error_condition &,const std::error_condition &) noexcept' [found using argument-dependent lookup]
source_file.cpp(27): note: while trying to match the argument list '(int *, std::_Array_iterator<_Ty,4>)'
with
[
_Ty=int
]
所以问题是根据C ++标准,哪个编译器就在这里?这是VC ++编译器中的错误吗?
答案 0 :(得分:11)
这是VC ++编译器中的错误吗?
没有。
您正在分配和比较原始数组上std::begin和std::end获得的迭代器(即result
,std::find(std::begin(arr),std::end(arr),num)
)和std::array(即std::find_if_not(std::begin(x),std::end(x),divisible_by_five)
和std::end(x)
),你可能会认为它们的类型是相同的。
对于原始数组,它将是T*
,即int*
,对于这种情况,这是有保证的。问题是标准没有指定std::array::iterator
的确切类型,只是说它必须满足RandomAccessIterator的要求。 Gcc和Clang选择int*
作为其类型,这很好,因为原始指针满足要求。 VC将其实现为自定义类,只要类型满足要求,这也很好。请注意,该类型无法转换为int*
;标准根本不需要这样做。
因此,即使您的代码与Gcc和Clang一起使用,也无法保证。