Question

我安装了Ubuntu 17.04版本，我想安装GDAL。我已经尝试了几种方法来安装它，但我总是遇到错误。我已经安装了Python 2.7和Python 3.6，但我想为Python 2.7安装

我尝试按照以下步骤进行安装：

sudo apt-get install libgdal-dev export
CPLUS_INCLUDE_PATH=/usr/include/gdal export
C_INCLUDE_PATH=/usr/include/gdal pip install GDAL

我发现了这个错误：

Collecting GDAL
  Using cached GDAL-2.2.3.tar.gz
Installing collected packages: GDAL
  Running setup.py install for GDAL ... error
    Complete output from command /usr/bin/python3.6 -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-iebgcn_u/GDAL/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-x3vhb2t4-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile:
    running install
    running build
    running build_py
    creating build
    creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6
    copying gdal.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6
    copying ogr.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6
    copying osr.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6
    copying gdalconst.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6
    copying gnm.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6
    creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo
    copying osgeo/gdal.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo
    copying osgeo/gdal_array.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo
    copying osgeo/osr.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo
    copying osgeo/gdalconst.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo
    copying osgeo/ogr.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo
    copying osgeo/gnm.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo
    copying osgeo/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo
    copying osgeo/gdalnumeric.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo
    Fixing build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/gdal.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/ogr.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osr.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/gdalconst.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/gnm.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo/gdal.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo/gdal_array.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo/osr.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo/gdalconst.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo/ogr.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo/gnm.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo/__init__.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo/gdalnumeric.py
    Skipping optional fixer: ws_comma
    Fixing build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/gdal.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/ogr.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osr.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/gdalconst.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/gnm.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo/gdal.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo/gdal_array.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo/osr.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo/gdalconst.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo/ogr.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo/gnm.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo/__init__.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo/gdalnumeric.py
    Skipping optional fixer: ws_comma
    running build_ext
    building 'osgeo._gdal' extension
    creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.6
    creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.6/extensions
    x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -g -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/python3.6-sXpGnM/python3.6-3.6.3=. -specs=/usr/share/dpkg/no-pie-compile.specs -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fPIC -I../../port -I../../gcore -I../../alg -I../../ogr/ -I../../ogr/ogrsf_frmts -I../../gnm -I../../apps -I/usr/include/python3.6m -I. -I/usr/include -c extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.6/extensions/gdal_wrap.o
    cc1plus: warning: command line option ‘-Wstrict-prototypes’ is valid for C/ObjC but not for C++
    x86_64-linux-gnu-g++ -pthread -shared -Wl,-O1 -Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -specs=/usr/share/dpkg/no-pie-link.specs -Wl,-z,relro -Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -specs=/usr/share/dpkg/no-pie-link.specs -Wl,-z,relro -g -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/python3.6-sXpGnM/python3.6-3.6.3=. -specs=/usr/share/dpkg/no-pie-compile.specs -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.6/extensions/gdal_wrap.o -L../../.libs -L../../ -lgdal -o build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo/_gdal.cpython-36m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so
    building 'osgeo._gdalconst' extension
    x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -g -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/python3.6-sXpGnM/python3.6-3.6.3=. -specs=/usr/share/dpkg/no-pie-compile.specs -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fPIC -I../../port -I../../gcore -I../../alg -I../../ogr/ -I../../ogr/ogrsf_frmts -I../../gnm -I../../apps -I/usr/include/python3.6m -I. -I/usr/include -c extensions/gdalconst_wrap.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.6/extensions/gdalconst_wrap.o
    x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -shared -Wl,-O1 -Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -specs=/usr/share/dpkg/no-pie-link.specs -Wl,-z,relro -Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -specs=/usr/share/dpkg/no-pie-link.specs -Wl,-z,relro -g -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/python3.6-sXpGnM/python3.6-3.6.3=. -specs=/usr/share/dpkg/no-pie-compile.specs -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.6/extensions/gdalconst_wrap.o -L../../.libs -L../../ -lgdal -o build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo/_gdalconst.cpython-36m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so
    building 'osgeo._osr' extension
    x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -g -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/python3.6-sXpGnM/python3.6-3.6.3=. -specs=/usr/share/dpkg/no-pie-compile.specs -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fPIC -I../../port -I../../gcore -I../../alg -I../../ogr/ -I../../ogr/ogrsf_frmts -I../../gnm -I../../apps -I/usr/include/python3.6m -I. -I/usr/include -c extensions/osr_wrap.cpp -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.6/extensions/osr_wrap.o
    cc1plus: warning: command line option ‘-Wstrict-prototypes’ is valid for C/ObjC but not for C++
    extensions/osr_wrap.cpp:3339:13: warning: ‘void GDALPythonFreeCStr(void*, int)’ defined but not used [-Wunused-function]
     static void GDALPythonFreeCStr(void* ptr, int bToFree)
                 ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    extensions/osr_wrap.cpp:3309:14: warning: ‘char* GDALPythonObjectToCStr(PyObject*, int*)’ defined but not used [-Wunused-function]
     static char* GDALPythonObjectToCStr(PyObject* pyObject, int* pbToFree)
                  ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    x86_64-linux-gnu-g++ -pthread -shared -Wl,-O1 -Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -specs=/usr/share/dpkg/no-pie-link.specs -Wl,-z,relro -Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -specs=/usr/share/dpkg/no-pie-link.specs -Wl,-z,relro -g -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/python3.6-sXpGnM/python3.6-3.6.3=. -specs=/usr/share/dpkg/no-pie-compile.specs -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.6/extensions/osr_wrap.o -L../../.libs -L../../ -lgdal -o build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo/_osr.cpython-36m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so
    building 'osgeo._ogr' extension
    x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -g -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/python3.6-sXpGnM/python3.6-3.6.3=. -specs=/usr/share/dpkg/no-pie-compile.specs -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fPIC -I../../port -I../../gcore -I../../alg -I../../ogr/ -I../../ogr/ogrsf_frmts -I../../gnm -I../../apps -I/usr/include/python3.6m -I. -I/usr/include -c extensions/ogr_wrap.cpp -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.6/extensions/ogr_wrap.o
    cc1plus: warning: command line option ‘-Wstrict-prototypes’ is valid for C/ObjC but not for C++
    x86_64-linux-gnu-g++ -pthread -shared -Wl,-O1 -Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -specs=/usr/share/dpkg/no-pie-link.specs -Wl,-z,relro -Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -specs=/usr/share/dpkg/no-pie-link.specs -Wl,-z,relro -g -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/python3.6-sXpGnM/python3.6-3.6.3=. -specs=/usr/share/dpkg/no-pie-compile.specs -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.6/extensions/ogr_wrap.o -L../../.libs -L../../ -lgdal -o build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo/_ogr.cpython-36m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so
    building 'osgeo._gnm' extension
    x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -g -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/python3.6-sXpGnM/python3.6-3.6.3=. -specs=/usr/share/dpkg/no-pie-compile.specs -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fPIC -I../../port -I../../gcore -I../../alg -I../../ogr/ -I../../ogr/ogrsf_frmts -I../../gnm -I../../apps -I/usr/include/python3.6m -I. -I/usr/include -c extensions/gnm_wrap.cpp -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.6/extensions/gnm_wrap.o
    cc1plus: warning: command line option ‘-Wstrict-prototypes’ is valid for C/ObjC but not for C++
    extensions/gnm_wrap.cpp:3321:13: warning: ‘void GDALPythonFreeCStr(void*, int)’ defined but not used [-Wunused-function]
     static void GDALPythonFreeCStr(void* ptr, int bToFree)
                 ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    extensions/gnm_wrap.cpp:3291:14: warning: ‘char* GDALPythonObjectToCStr(PyObject*, int*)’ defined but not used [-Wunused-function]
     static char* GDALPythonObjectToCStr(PyObject* pyObject, int* pbToFree)
                  ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    x86_64-linux-gnu-g++ -pthread -shared -Wl,-O1 -Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -specs=/usr/share/dpkg/no-pie-link.specs -Wl,-z,relro -Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -specs=/usr/share/dpkg/no-pie-link.specs -Wl,-z,relro -g -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/python3.6-sXpGnM/python3.6-3.6.3=. -specs=/usr/share/dpkg/no-pie-compile.specs -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.6/extensions/gnm_wrap.o -L../../.libs -L../../ -lgdal -o build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo/_gnm.cpython-36m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so
    running install_lib
    copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/gdal.py -> /usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages
    error: could not create '/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/gdal.py': Permission denied

    ----------------------------------------
Command "/usr/bin/python3.6 -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-iebgcn_u/GDAL/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-x3vhb2t4-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-build-iebgcn_u/GDAL/

如果我用sudo执行最后一个命令：sudo pip install GDAL。我还有另一个错误......

The directory '/home/josecarlos/.cache/pip/http' or its parent directory is not owned by the current user and the cache has been disabled. Please check the permissions and owner of that directory. If executing pip with sudo, you may want sudo's -H flag. The directory '/home/josecarlos/.cache/pip' or its parent directory is not owned by the current user and caching wheels has been disabled. check the permissions and owner of that directory. If executing pip with sudo, you may want sudo's -H flag. Collecting GDAL   Downloading GDAL-2.2.3.tar.gz (475kB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 481kB 1.3MB/s  Installing collected packages: GDAL   Running setup.py install for GDAL ... error
    Complete output from command /usr/bin/python3.6 -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-0rp6w4f8/GDAL/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install
--record /tmp/pip-w7crvfsd-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile:
    running install
    running build
    running build_py
    creating build
    creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6
    copying gdal.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6
    copying ogr.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6
    copying osr.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6
    copying gdalconst.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6
    copying gnm.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6
    creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo
    copying osgeo/gdal.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo
    copying osgeo/gdal_array.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo
    copying osgeo/osr.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo
    copying osgeo/gdalconst.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo
    copying osgeo/ogr.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo
    copying osgeo/gnm.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo
    copying osgeo/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo
    copying osgeo/gdalnumeric.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo
    Fixing build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/gdal.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/ogr.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osr.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/gdalconst.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/gnm.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo/gdal.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo/gdal_array.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo/osr.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo/gdalconst.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo/ogr.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo/gnm.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo/__init__.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo/gdalnumeric.py
    Skipping optional fixer: ws_comma
    Fixing build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/gdal.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/ogr.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osr.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/gdalconst.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/gnm.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo/gdal.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo/gdal_array.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo/osr.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo/gdalconst.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo/ogr.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo/gnm.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo/__init__.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/osgeo/gdalnumeric.py
    Skipping optional fixer: ws_comma
    running build_ext
    building 'osgeo._gdal' extension
    creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.6
    creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.6/extensions
    x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -g -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/python3.6-sXpGnM/python3.6-3.6.3=. -specs=/usr/share/dpkg/no-pie-compile.specs -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fPIC -I../../port -I../../gcore -I../../alg -I../../ogr/ -I../../ogr/ogrsf_frmts -I../../gnm -I../../apps -I/usr/include/python3.6m -I. -I/usr/include -c extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.6/extensions/gdal_wrap.o
    cc1plus: warning: command line option ‘-Wstrict-prototypes’ is valid for C/ObjC but not for C++
    extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:3168:10: fatal error: cpl_port.h: No existe el archivo o el directorio
     #include "cpl_port.h"
              ^~~~~~~~~~~~
    compilation terminated.
    error: command 'x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc' failed with exit status 1

    ---------------------------------------- Command "/usr/bin/python3.6 -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-0rp6w4f8/GDAL/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install
--record /tmp/pip-w7crvfsd-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-build-0rp6w4f8/GDAL/

如何在Ubuntu中安装GDAL？

Answer 1

如果您下载软件包并阅读readme.txt，也许您会有更多选择。 downloadpage

我自己对所有这些命令参数都没有信心。

希望它能帮助^^

Answer 2

也许问题是Ubuntu版本比Python更多。我没有找到关于ubuntu 17的大量信息，所以你应该尝试一下旧的和更稳定的版本。

Answer 3

我有Ubuntu 18.04，this answer似乎也对她有帮助。根据评论，它还适用于Ubuntu 16.04和14.04：

如果您没有安装gdal以前的版本

打开您的终端并输入

sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:ubuntugis/ppa
sudo apt update
sudo apt install gdal-bin python-gdal python3-gdal

如果您安装了以前的版本

打开您的终端并输入

sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:ubuntugis/ppa
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

如何在Ubuntu中安装GDAL？

3 个答案: