首先，我要感谢帮助这个复杂而困难的查询的朋友们。
我有三张桌子
表1
StaffId FirstName LastName staffType
---------------------------------------
1 Adam Sorme Student
2 Lara Sandra Teacher
3 Jack Jones Student
表2
GateId GateName
---------------------------------------
1 frontDoor
2 superDoor
表3
Id transitionDate GateId StaffId
---------------------------------------
1 2018-01-1 08:00:00 1 1
2 2018-01-1 10:00:00 2 1
3 2018-01-1 20:00:00 2 1
4 2018-01-2 07:00:00 1 2
5 2018-01-2 10:00:00 1 3
6 2018-01-9 12:00:00 2 2
我想要每天的学生的第一次和最后一次动作。如果指定日期之间没有可用的移动，则必须将值设置为null
transitionDate> '2018-01-1 00:00:00 000'
and transitionDate< '2018-01-03 00:00:00 000'
输出：
Id Date MinTransitionDate MaxTransitionDate FirstGateName LastGateName StaffId StaffType
1 2018-01-01 2018-01-1 08:00:00 2018-01-1 20:00:00 frontDoor superDoor 1 Student
2 2018-01-01 null null null null 3 student
3 2018-01-02 null null null null 1 student
4 2018-01-02 2018-01-2 10:00:00 null frontDoor null 3 student
答案 0 :(得分：3)
您可以尝试下面的查询
create table staff(StaffId int, FirstName nvarchar(10), LastName nvarchar(10), staffType nvarchar(10))
insert into staff values
(1,'Adam','Sorme','Student')
,(2,'Lara','Sandra','Teacher')
,(3,'Jack','Jones','Student')
go
create table gate(GateId int, GateName nvarchar(10))
insert into gate values
(1,'frontDoor')
,(2,'superDoor')
go
create table logs
(Id int, transitionDate datetime, GateId int, StaffId int)
insert into logs values
(1,'2018-01-1 08:00:00',1,1)
,(2,'2018-01-1 10:00:00',2,1)
,(3,'2018-01-1 20:00:00',2,1)
,(4,'2018-01-2 07:00:00',1,2)
,(5,'2018-01-2 10:00:00',1,3)
,(6,'2018-01-9 12:00:00',2,2)
go
declare @startdate datetime, @enddate datetime
select @startdate='2018-01-1 00:00:00' , @enddate='2018-01-03 00:00:00'
; with tempSet as
(
select
transitionDatetime=l.transitionDate,
gateName=g.gateName,
staffid=l.staffid,
idx=
row_number() over(partition by l.staffid order by l.transitionDate ) -
row_number() over(partition by l.staffid,cast(l.transitionDate as date) order by l.transitionDate ),
transitionDate=cast(l.transitionDate as date)
from
logs l inner join staff s on
l.staffid=s.staffid and staffType='Student'
join gate g on g.gateid=l.gateid
)
, groupedSet as
(
select
t1.*,
FirstGateName=t2.gatename,
lastGateName=t3.gatename
from
(
select
staffid,
mintransitionDate=min(transitionDatetime),
maxtransitionDate= case when count(1)>1 then max(transitionDatetime) else null end,
transitionDate=max(transitionDate),
idx
from
tempSet
group by staffid,idx
) t1
left join
tempSet t2
on t1.idx=t2.idx
and t1.staffid=t2.staffid and t1.mintransitionDate=t2.transitionDatetime
left join
tempSet t3
on t1.idx=t3.idx
and t1.staffid=t3.staffid and t1.maxtransitionDate=t3.transitionDatetime
where t1.transitionDate between @startdate and @enddate
)
select
t.*,
g.mintransitionDate,
g.maxtransitionDate,
g.FirstGateName,
g.LastGateName
from
groupedSet g
right join
(
select
d,
staffid
from
(
select
top (select datediff(d,@startdate, @endDate))
d=dateadd(d,row_number() over(order by (select null))-1, @startDate)
from
sys.objects o1 cross join sys.objects o2
)tally
cross join
staff
where staff.stafftype='Student'
)t
on cast(t.d as date)=cast(g.transitionDate as date) and t.staffid=g.staffid
order by t.d asc, t.staffid asc
答案 1 :(得分：1)
所有插入声明：
create table #Staff (StaffId int, FirstName varchar(20), LastName varchar(20), staffType varchar(20))
insert into #Staff values
(1, 'Adam', 'Sorme', 'Student'),
(2, 'Lara', 'Sandra', 'Teacher'),
(3, 'Jack', 'Jones', 'Student')
create table #Gates (GateId int, GateName varchar(20))
insert into #Gates values
(1, 'frontDoor'),
(2, 'backDoor')
create table #Transitions (Id int, transitionDate datetime, GateId int, StaffId int)
insert into #Transitions values
(1, '2018-01-1 08:00:00', 1, 1),
(2, '2018-01-1 10:00:00', 2, 1),
(3, '2018-01-1 20:00:00', 2, 1),
(4, '2018-01-2 07:00:00', 1, 2),
(5, '2018-01-2 10:00:00', 1, 3),
(6, '2018-01-9 12:00:00', 2, 2)
为了获得理想的结果，您需要在范围之间的所有日期进行CTE。限制您在以下查询中包含的变量中指定的范围（日期）。
declare @maxTransitionDate datetime, @minTransitionDate datetime
select @maxTransitionDate='2018-01-10', @minTransitionDate='2018-01-01'
;with cte as (
select @minTransitionDate [Days]
union all
select dateadd(day,1,[Days]) from cte where [Days] < @maxTransitionDate
)
,cte2 as (
select [Days], [StaffId], [FirstName], [LastName] from cte cross apply #staff where stafftype ='Student'
)
select C.[Days] [Date], C.[staffid], C.FirstName, C.LastName, A.mintransitiondate, A.[maxtransitiondate], A.firstgatename, A.lastgatename, A.staffType from (
select T.[Date],
T.staffid,
T.mintransitiondate,
case when T.maxtransitiondate <> T.mintransitiondate then T.maxtransitiondate end [maxtransitiondate],
(select gatename from #gates where gateid = T.firstgateid) firstgatename,
(select gatename from #gates where gateid = T.lastgateid) lastgatename,
S.FirstName,
S.LastName,
S.staffType
from (
select [date], staffid,
max(case when rn = 1 then transitiondate end) mintransitiondate,
max(case when rn = cnt then transitiondate end) maxtransitiondate,
max(case when rn = 1 then GateId end) FirstGateId,
max(case when rn = cnt then GateId end) LastGateId
from (
select *, cast(transitiondate as date) [Date],
row_number() over (partition by staffid, cast(transitiondate as date) order by transitiondate) [rn],
count(*) over (partition by staffid, cast(transitiondate as date)) [cnt]
from #Transitions
) a group by staffid, [date]
) [T] join #Staff [S] on T.staffid = S.staffid
where S.staffType = 'Student'
) [A] right join cte2 [C] on A.[Date] = C.[Days] and A.[staffid] = C.[staffid]
答案 2 :(得分：0)
其他答案看起来很复杂。
首先，使用cross join获取所有行。然后使用left join和聚合来获取所需的信息。
基本查询如下所示：
select s.staffId, d.dte,
min(t.transitionDate) as first_change,
max(t.transitionDate) as first_change,
max(case when seqnum_asc = 1 then gateId end) as first_gateid,
max(case when seqnum_desc = 1 then gateId end) as last_gateid
from (select s.* from Staff s where stafftype = 'Student') s cross join
(select distinct cast(transitionDate as date) as dte from Transitions) d left join
(select t.*,
row_number() over (partition by StaffId, cast(transitionDate as date) order by transitionDate) as seqnum_asc,
row_number() over (partition by StaffId, cast(transitionDate as date) order by transitionDate desc) as seqnum_desc
from Transitions t
) t
on cast(t.transitiondate as date) = d.dte and
t.staffId = s.staffId and
1 in (t.seqnum_asc, t.seqnum_desc)
group by s.staffId, d.dte;
您可以增强select以恢复更多列。
Here是一个SQL小提琴。