如何将汉字转换为拼音

时间：2011-01-27 05:35:11

标签： sorting cjk

对于中文文本的排序，我想将汉字转换为拼音，正确分隔每个汉字并将连续的字符组合在一起。

您能否通过提供执行此操作的逻辑或源代码来帮助我完成此任务？

如果有任何开源或lib已经存在，请告诉我。

8 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分：12)

简短的回答：你没有。

答案很长：汉字与汉语拼音没有一对一的映射关系。只是一些简单的例子：

  • 把第三音或第四音可以是“ba”。
  • 了可以是“le”无声或“liao”第三音。
  • 乐可以是“le”或“yue”，两者都是第四音。
  • 落可以是“luo”，“la”或“lao”，全都是第四音。

等等。我有一本关于这个主题的初学者书，里面有207个例子。我强调这是一本初学者的书，但并不完整。每个人都有一两页使用和条件的例子，您可以根据这些例子选择合适的发音。它不是一个可以轻松编程的东西（如果有的话）。

这甚至没有解决你想要处理的其他问题：将字符分成分组的单词。一句话的概念在中文中有点滑。 （有两个术语对应，大致相当于中文中的“单词”，例如：字和词。第一个是字符，第二个字符组合在一起构成一个概念。（我经常被中国人问到有多少当他们真正意为“人物”时，我可以阅读“单词”。）虽然在某些情况下区别很明显（例如，“乌鸦”一词是“乌鸦” - 两个字必须在一起才能恰当地表达这个想法将它翻译为“黑鸦”是不正确的，在其他人中它不是那么清楚。“你好”是什么意思？它是一个词的意思，惯用，“你好”？还是两个词翻译字面意思是“你好”？所涉及的每个角色都是独立的或与其他词汇分组，但它们在一起意味着与其个人意义完全不同的东西。鉴于此，你是如何准确地将汉语拼音音译分组的（这首先很难做到！ “字”？

答案 1 :(得分：10)

包含unicode到拼音

之间映射的表

ftp://ftp.cuhk.hk/pub/chinese/ifcss/software/data/Uni2Pinyin.gz

答案 2 :(得分：7)

CoreFoundation提供了某种转换方法：

CFMutableStringRef string = CFStringCreateMutableCopy(NULL, 0, CFSTR("中文"));
CFStringTransform(string, NULL, kCFStringTransformMandarinLatin, NO);
CFStringTransform(string, NULL, kCFStringTransformStripDiacritics, NO);
NSLog(@"%@", string);

输出

zhong wen

答案 3 :(得分：4)

虽然@JUST MY correct OPINION's answer解决了将字符转换为拼音的一些困难，但这不是一个不可能解决的问题。

我written a library (pinyinify)可以很准确地解决这个问题。即使字符和拼音之间没有一对一的映射，我的库通常可以决定哪个发音是正确的。例如，“我受不了了”正确地转换为“wǒshòubùliǎoor”，其中有两个不同的发音。

我解决问题的方法非常简单：

  • 首先将文本细分为单词。例如，我喜欢旅游将分为三个词：我喜欢旅游。这也不是一个简单的过程，但它有很多库。 jieba是用于此目的的更受欢迎的库之一。
  • 使用字典将单词转换为拼音。
  • 如果单词不在词典中，则使用最常见的发音将单个字符转换为拼音。

答案 4 :(得分：2)

以下用C＃编写的代码可以帮助您简单地将包含在gb2312 encodec中的中文单词（通常使用的简体中文单词中的2312个）转换为拼音。将“今天天气不错”转换为“JinTianTianQiBuCuo”。

有时候一个中文单词不是一对一映射到拼音，这取决于我们谈论的上下文。就像“自行车”（自行车）中的“行”发音为“兴”，但在“银行”（它发音为“Hang”。如果您对此有疑问，您可能会找到更复杂的解决方案来处理这个问题。

抱歉，我的英语很差。我希望这可以给你一些帮助。

public class ChineseToPinYin
    {
        private static int[] pyValue = new int[]
    {
    -20319,-20317,-20304,-20295,-20292,-20283,-20265,-20257,-20242,-20230,-20051,-20036,
    -20032,-20026,-20002,-19990,-19986,-19982,-19976,-19805,-19784,-19775,-19774,-19763,
    -19756,-19751,-19746,-19741,-19739,-19728,-19725,-19715,-19540,-19531,-19525,-19515,
    -19500,-19484,-19479,-19467,-19289,-19288,-19281,-19275,-19270,-19263,-19261,-19249,
    -19243,-19242,-19238,-19235,-19227,-19224,-19218,-19212,-19038,-19023,-19018,-19006,
    -19003,-18996,-18977,-18961,-18952,-18783,-18774,-18773,-18763,-18756,-18741,-18735,
    -18731,-18722,-18710,-18697,-18696,-18526,-18518,-18501,-18490,-18478,-18463,-18448,
    -18447,-18446,-18239,-18237,-18231,-18220,-18211,-18201,-18184,-18183, -18181,-18012,
    -17997,-17988,-17970,-17964,-17961,-17950,-17947,-17931,-17928,-17922,-17759,-17752,
    -17733,-17730,-17721,-17703,-17701,-17697,-17692,-17683,-17676,-17496,-17487,-17482,
    -17468,-17454,-17433,-17427,-17417,-17202,-17185,-16983,-16970,-16942,-16915,-16733,
    -16708,-16706,-16689,-16664,-16657,-16647,-16474,-16470,-16465,-16459,-16452,-16448,
    -16433,-16429,-16427,-16423,-16419,-16412,-16407,-16403,-16401,-16393,-16220,-16216,
    -16212,-16205,-16202,-16187,-16180,-16171,-16169,-16158,-16155,-15959,-15958,-15944,
    -15933,-15920,-15915,-15903,-15889,-15878,-15707,-15701,-15681,-15667,-15661,-15659,
    -15652,-15640,-15631,-15625,-15454,-15448,-15436,-15435,-15419,-15416,-15408,-15394,
    -15385,-15377,-15375,-15369,-15363,-15362,-15183,-15180,-15165,-15158,-15153,-15150,
    -15149,-15144,-15143,-15141,-15140,-15139,-15128,-15121,-15119,-15117,-15110,-15109,
    -14941,-14937,-14933,-14930,-14929,-14928,-14926,-14922,-14921,-14914,-14908,-14902,
    -14894,-14889,-14882,-14873,-14871,-14857,-14678,-14674,-14670,-14668,-14663,-14654,
    -14645,-14630,-14594,-14429,-14407,-14399,-14384,-14379,-14368,-14355,-14353,-14345,
    -14170,-14159,-14151,-14149,-14145,-14140,-14137,-14135,-14125,-14123,-14122,-14112,
    -14109,-14099,-14097,-14094,-14092,-14090,-14087,-14083,-13917,-13914,-13910,-13907,
    -13906,-13905,-13896,-13894,-13878,-13870,-13859,-13847,-13831,-13658,-13611,-13601,
    -13406,-13404,-13400,-13398,-13395,-13391,-13387,-13383,-13367,-13359,-13356,-13343,
    -13340,-13329,-13326,-13318,-13147,-13138,-13120,-13107,-13096,-13095,-13091,-13076,
    -13068,-13063,-13060,-12888,-12875,-12871,-12860,-12858,-12852,-12849,-12838,-12831,
    -12829,-12812,-12802,-12607,-12597,-12594,-12585,-12556,-12359,-12346,-12320,-12300,
    -12120,-12099,-12089,-12074,-12067,-12058,-12039,-11867,-11861,-11847,-11831,-11798,
    -11781,-11604,-11589,-11536,-11358,-11340,-11339,-11324,-11303,-11097,-11077,-11067,
    -11055,-11052,-11045,-11041,-11038,-11024,-11020,-11019,-11018,-11014,-10838,-10832,
    -10815,-10800,-10790,-10780,-10764,-10587,-10544,-10533,-10519,-10331,-10329,-10328,
    -10322,-10315,-10309,-10307,-10296,-10281,-10274,-10270,-10262,-10260,-10256,-10254
    };

    private static string[] pyName = new string[]
{
"A","Ai","An","Ang","Ao","Ba","Bai","Ban","Bang","Bao","Bei","Ben",
"Beng","Bi","Bian","Biao","Bie","Bin","Bing","Bo","Bu","Ba","Cai","Can",
"Cang","Cao","Ce","Ceng","Cha","Chai","Chan","Chang","Chao","Che","Chen","Cheng",
"Chi","Chong","Chou","Chu","Chuai","Chuan","Chuang","Chui","Chun","Chuo","Ci","Cong",
"Cou","Cu","Cuan","Cui","Cun","Cuo","Da","Dai","Dan","Dang","Dao","De",
"Deng","Di","Dian","Diao","Die","Ding","Diu","Dong","Dou","Du","Duan","Dui",
"Dun","Duo","E","En","Er","Fa","Fan","Fang","Fei","Fen","Feng","Fo",
"Fou","Fu","Ga","Gai","Gan","Gang","Gao","Ge","Gei","Gen","Geng","Gong",
"Gou","Gu","Gua","Guai","Guan","Guang","Gui","Gun","Guo","Ha","Hai","Han",
"Hang","Hao","He","Hei","Hen","Heng","Hong","Hou","Hu","Hua","Huai","Huan",
"Huang","Hui","Hun","Huo","Ji","Jia","Jian","Jiang","Jiao","Jie","Jin","Jing",
"Jiong","Jiu","Ju","Juan","Jue","Jun","Ka","Kai","Kan","Kang","Kao","Ke",
"Ken","Keng","Kong","Kou","Ku","Kua","Kuai","Kuan","Kuang","Kui","Kun","Kuo",
"La","Lai","Lan","Lang","Lao","Le","Lei","Leng","Li","Lia","Lian","Liang",
"Liao","Lie","Lin","Ling","Liu","Long","Lou","Lu","Lv","Luan","Lue","Lun",
"Luo","Ma","Mai","Man","Mang","Mao","Me","Mei","Men","Meng","Mi","Mian",
"Miao","Mie","Min","Ming","Miu","Mo","Mou","Mu","Na","Nai","Nan","Nang",
"Nao","Ne","Nei","Nen","Neng","Ni","Nian","Niang","Niao","Nie","Nin","Ning",
"Niu","Nong","Nu","Nv","Nuan","Nue","Nuo","O","Ou","Pa","Pai","Pan",
"Pang","Pao","Pei","Pen","Peng","Pi","Pian","Piao","Pie","Pin","Ping","Po",
"Pu","Qi","Qia","Qian","Qiang","Qiao","Qie","Qin","Qing","Qiong","Qiu","Qu",
"Quan","Que","Qun","Ran","Rang","Rao","Re","Ren","Reng","Ri","Rong","Rou",
"Ru","Ruan","Rui","Run","Ruo","Sa","Sai","San","Sang","Sao","Se","Sen",
"Seng","Sha","Shai","Shan","Shang","Shao","She","Shen","Sheng","Shi","Shou","Shu",
"Shua","Shuai","Shuan","Shuang","Shui","Shun","Shuo","Si","Song","Sou","Su","Suan",
"Sui","Sun","Suo","Ta","Tai","Tan","Tang","Tao","Te","Teng","Ti","Tian",
"Tiao","Tie","Ting","Tong","Tou","Tu","Tuan","Tui","Tun","Tuo","Wa","Wai",
"Wan","Wang","Wei","Wen","Weng","Wo","Wu","Xi","Xia","Xian","Xiang","Xiao",
"Xie","Xin","Xing","Xiong","Xiu","Xu","Xuan","Xue","Xun","Ya","Yan","Yang",
"Yao","Ye","Yi","Yin","Ying","Yo","Yong","You","Yu","Yuan","Yue","Yun",
"Za", "Zai","Zan","Zang","Zao","Ze","Zei","Zen","Zeng","Zha","Zhai","Zhan",
"Zhang","Zhao","Zhe","Zhen","Zheng","Zhi","Zhong","Zhou","Zhu","Zhua","Zhuai","Zhuan",
"Zhuang","Zhui","Zhun","Zhuo","Zi","Zong","Zou","Zu","Zuan","Zui","Zun","Zuo"
};

    /// <summary>
    /// 把汉字转换成拼音(全拼)
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="hzString">汉字字符串</param>
    /// <returns>转换后的拼音(全拼)字符串</returns>
    public static string Convert(string hzString)
    {
        // 匹配中文字符
        Regex regex = new Regex("^[\u4e00-\u9fa5]$");
        byte[] array = new byte[2];
        string pyString = "";
        int chrAsc = 0;
        int i1 = 0;
        int i2 = 0;
        char[] noWChar = hzString.ToCharArray();

        for (int j = 0; j < noWChar.Length; j++)
        {
            // 中文字符
            if (regex.IsMatch(noWChar[j].ToString()))
            {
                array = System.Text.Encoding.Default.GetBytes(noWChar[j].ToString());
                i1 = (short)(array[0]);
                i2 = (short)(array[1]);
                chrAsc = i1 * 256 + i2 - 65536;
                if (chrAsc > 0 && chrAsc < 160)
                {
                    pyString += noWChar[j];
                }
                else
                {
                    // 修正部分文字
                    if (chrAsc == -9254) // 修正“圳”字
                        pyString += "Zhen";
                    else
                    {
                        for (int i = (pyValue.Length - 1); i >= 0; i--)
                        {
                            if (pyValue[i] <= chrAsc)
                            {
                                pyString += pyName[i];
                                break;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            // 非中文字符
            else
            {
                pyString += noWChar[j].ToString();
            }
        }
        return pyString;
    }
}

答案 5 :(得分：1)

我遇到了这个问题，我在PHP中找到了一个解决方案（我想它可能更清洁，但它有效）。我遇到了一些麻烦，因为本主题中给出的文件来自hexa unicode。

1）将数据从ftp://ftp.cuhk.hk/pub/chinese/ifcss/software/data/Uni2Pinyin.gz（感谢穿孔）导入您的数据库或其他任何

2）将数据导入数组$pinyinArray[$hexaUnicode] = $pinyin;

3）使用此代码：

/*
 * Decimal representation of $c
 * function found there: http://www.cantonese.sheik.co.uk/phorum/read.php?2,19594
 */
function uniord($c)
{
$ud = 0;
if (ord($c{0})>=0 && ord($c{0})<=127)
    $ud = $c{0};
if (ord($c{0})>=192 && ord($c{0})<=223)
    $ud = (ord($c{0})-192)*64 + (ord($c{1})-128);
if (ord($c{0})>=224 && ord($c{0})<=239)
    $ud = (ord($c{0})-224)*4096 + (ord($c{1})-128)*64 + (ord($c{2})-128);
if (ord($c{0})>=240 && ord($c{0})<=247)
    $ud = (ord($c{0})-240)*262144 + (ord($c{1})-128)*4096 + (ord($c{2})-128)*64 + (ord($c{3})-128);
if (ord($c{0})>=248 && ord($c{0})<=251)
    $ud = (ord($c{0})-248)*16777216 + (ord($c{1})-128)*262144 + (ord($c{2})-128)*4096 + (ord($c{3})-128)*64 + (ord($c{4})-128);
if (ord($c{0})>=252 && ord($c{0})<=253)
    $ud = (ord($c{0})-252)*1073741824 + (ord($c{1})-128)*16777216 + (ord($c{2})-128)*262144 + (ord($c{3})-128)*4096 + (ord($c{4})-128)*64 + (ord($c{5})-128);
if (ord($c{0})>=254 && ord($c{0})<=255) //error
    $ud = false;
return $ud;
}
/*
 * Translate the $string string of a single chinese charactere to unicode
 */
function chineseToHexaUnicode($string) {
    return strtoupper(dechex(uniord($string)));
}
/*
 * 
 */
function convertChineseToPinyin($string,$pinyinArray) {
    $pinyinValue = '';
    for ($i = 0; $i < mb_strlen($string);$i++)
        $pinyinValue.=$pinyinArray[chineseToHexaUnicode(mb_substr($string, $i, 1))];
    return $pinyinValue;
}

$string = '龙江省五大';
echo convertChineseToPinyin($string,$pinyinArray);
回声：(long2)(jiang1)(sheng3,xing3)(wu3)(da4,dai4)

当然，$pinyinArray是您的数据数组（hexoUnicode => pinyin）

希望它会对某人有所帮助。

答案 6 :(得分：1)

您可以使用以下方法：

from __future__ import unicode_literals
from pypinyin import lazy_pinyin

hanzi_list = ['如何', '将', '汉字','转为', '拼音']
pinyin_list = [''.join(lazy_pinyin(_)) for _ in hanzi_list]

输出：

['ruhe', 'jiang', 'hanzi', 'zhuanwei', 'pinyin']

答案 7 :(得分：0)

如果您使用Visual Studio，这可能是一个选项：

Microsoft.International.Converters.PinYinConverter

如何安装：

首先，下载Visual Studio International Pack 2.0，官方下载。下载完成后，安装运行文件VSIPSetup.msi安装（x86操作系统在默认安装目录（C：\ Program Files \ Microsoft Visual Studio International Feature Pack 2.0）上。 安装完成后，需要在VS中添加一个引用，分别引用： C：\ Program Files \ Microsoft Visual Studio国际包\简体中文拼音转换库（拼音） 和 C：\ Program Files \ Microsoft Visual Studio International Pack \繁体中文到简体中文转换库和加载项工具（繁体和简体化转到）

使用方法：

public static string GetPinyin(string str)
    {
        string r = string.Empty;
        foreach (char obj in str)
        {
            try
            {
                ChineseChar chineseChar = new ChineseChar(obj);
                string t = chineseChar.Pinyins[0].ToString();
                r += t.Substring(0, t.Length - 1);
            }
            catch
            {
                r += obj.ToString();
            }
        }
        return r;
    }

来源： http://www.programering.com/a/MzM3cTMwATA.html

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